Method and apparatus for modifying a transport packet stream to provide concatenated synchronization bytes at interleaver output

• US 5,771,239 A
• Filed: 11/17/1995
• Issued: 06/23/1998
• Est. Priority Date: 11/17/1995
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Google Technology Holdings LLC (Alphabet Inc.)
• Original Assignee: General Instrument Corporation (CommScope Holding Company, Inc.)
• Inventors: Schmidt, Mark S., Moroney, Paul
• Primary Examiner(s): Olms, Douglas W.
• Assistant Examiner(s): HOM, SHICK C
• Application Number:
  US08/560,008
• Time in Patent Office: 949 Days
• Field of Search: 370/474, 370/391, 370/397, 370/503, 370/512, 370/476, 348/423, 348/465, 348/466, 348/467
• US Class Current: 370/474
• CPC Class Codes: H03M 13/2732 Convolutional interleaver; Interleavers using shift-registers or delay lines like, e.g. Ramsey type interleaver
• CPC Class Codes: H03M 13/29 combining two or more codes or code structures, e.g. product codes, generalised product codes, concatenated codes, inner and outer codes
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 19/89 involving methods or arrangements for detection of transmission errors at the decoder
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 21/2383 Channel coding or modulation of digital bit-stream, e.g. QPSK modulation arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by adapting the channel coding H04L1/0009; analogue front ends or means for connecting modulators, demodulators or transceivers to a transmission line H04L27/0002
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 21/4382 Demodulation or channel decoding, e.g. QPSK demodulation analog front ends or means for connecting modulators, demodulators or transceivers to a transmission line H04L27/0002

Abstract

An MPEG transport packet stream or the like is modified to provide concatenated synchronization bytes at an output of an interleaver receiving the modified packet stream. A conventional sync byte located in a first transport packet is replaced with a first substitute sync byte. A conventional sync byte located in a conventional sync byte position of a second transport packet is deleted. Another byte from the second transport packet is moved to the position of the deleted sync byte to open a desired byte position in the second transport packet. A second substitute sync byte is inserted into the desired byte position. The first and second transport packets and the desired byte position are selected to provide the first and second substitute sync bytes at locations in the modified packet stream where the first substitute sync byte will be concatenated with the second substitute sync byte at the output of the interleaver. The transport packet stream can be further modified to provide concatenated auxiliary bytes at the output of the interleaver.

Claims

1. A method for modifying a transport packet stream to provide concatenated synchronization bytes at an output of an interleaver receiving the modified transport packet stream, comprising the steps of:

replacing a conventional sync byte located in a first transport packet of said transport packet stream with a first substitute sync byte;

deleting a conventional sync byte located in a conventional sync byte position of a second transport packet of said transport packet stream, and moving another byte from said second transport packet to said conventional sync byte position, thereby opening a desired byte position in the second transport packet;

inserting a second substitute sync byte into said desired byte position; and

selecting said first and second transport packets and said desired byte position to provide said first and second substitute sync bytes at locations in the modified transport packet stream where said first substitute sync byte will be concatenated with said second substitute sync byte at the output of said interleaver.

2. The method of claim 1 for further modifying said transport packet stream to provide concatenated auxiliary bytes at the output of said interleaver, comprising the steps of:

replacing a conventional sync byte located in a third transport packet with a first auxiliary byte;

deleting a conventional sync byte located in a conventional sync byte position of a fourth transport packet and moving another byte from said fourth transport packet to the conventional sync byte position of the fourth transport packet, thereby opening up a desired byte position in the fourth transport packet;

inserting a second auxiliary byte into the desired byte position of said fourth transport packet; and

selecting said third and fourth transport packets and the desired byte position in the fourth transport packet to provide said first and second auxiliary bytes at positions in said modified packet stream where said first auxiliary byte will be concatenated with said second auxiliary byte at the output of said interleaver.

3. The method of claim 2 wherein said first and second transport packets are separated in the modified packet stream by a plurality of intervening packets, each of said intervening packets being one of:

a first modified packet having an auxiliary byte directly replacing a conventional sync byte therein,

a second modified packet having an auxiliary byte in a desired byte position made available by replacing the conventional sync byte of the packet with another byte from that packet,

a third modified packet having a substitute sync-byte directly replacing the conventional sync byte therein,

a fourth modified packet having a substitute sync byte in a desired byte position made available by replacing the conventional sync byte of the packet with another byte from that packet.

4. The method of claim 3 wherein the conventional sync bytes that are replaced in said first and third transport packets are located at the beginning of the respective transport packet.

5. The method of claim 4 wherein said desired byte positions are made available by shifting a group of N contiguous bytes immediately following the conventional sync byte in the respective transport packet by one byte, so that said group will commence at the beginning of the respective transport packet, thereby opening up said desired byte position immediately following said group.

6. The method of claim 5 wherein the desired byte position selected during said selection step is based on an interleaver having a depth I=12, J=19.

7. The method of claim 6 wherein said second transport packet precedes said first transport packet with twelve intervening packets in between.

8. The method of claim 7 wherein:

the first intervening packet preceding said first transport packet is one of said fourth modified packets;

the second, fourth, sixth, eighth and tenth intervening packets preceding said first transport packet are each first modified packets;

the third, fifth, seventh, ninth and eleventh intervening packets preceding said first transport packet are each second modified packets; and

the twelfth intervening packet preceding said first transport packet is one of said third modified packets.

9. The method of claim 8 wherein:

said transport packet stream is a Reed-Solomon encoded MPEG transport packet stream having packets that are 204 bytes in length; and

said desired byte positions comprise the 144th byte in the respective packet.

10. The method of claim 2 wherein said packet stream is output from said interleaver as an interleaved, modified packet stream for subsequent communication via a communication channel, comprising the further step of:

randomizing those portions of the interleaved, modified packet stream that do not include the concatenated first and second substitute sync bytes;

wherein the concatenated substitute sync bytes are maintained in an unrandomized condition in an otherwise randomized packet stream.

11. A method for reconstructing said transport packet stream from the randomized packet stream of claim 10, comprising the steps of:

detecting the concatenated first and second substitute sync bytes in the randomized packet stream;

synchronizing a derandomizer and a deinterleaver using the detected concatenated substitute sync bytes;

derandomizing the randomized portions of the randomized packet stream after said synchronizing step to recover the interleaved, modified packet stream;

deinterleaving the recovered interleaved, modified packet stream to recover the modified packet stream;

replacing the substitute sync byte and first auxiliary byte in said first and third transport packets of said modified packet stream with conventional sync bytes;

moving bytes located in the conventional sync byte positions of said second and fourth transport packets of said modified packet stream to open up said conventional sync byte positions and close said desired byte positions; and

inserting conventional sync bytes into the conventional sync byte positions opened up during said moving step.

12. The method of claim 1 wherein said packet stream is output from said interleaver as an interleaved, modified packet stream for subsequent communication via a communication channel, comprising the further step of:

randomizing portions of the interleaved, modified packet stream that do not include the concatenated first and second substitute sync bytes for communication together with the unrandomized concatenated bytes in a randomized packet stream.

13. A method for reconstructing said transport packet stream from the randomized packet stream of claim 12, comprising the steps of:

detecting the concatenated first and second substitute sync bytes in the randomized packet stream;

synchronizing a derandomizer and a deinterleaver using the detected concatenated substitute sync bytes;

derandomizing the randomized portions of the randomized packet stream after said synchronizing step to recover the interleaved, modified packet stream;

deinterleaving the recovered interleaved, modified packet stream to recover the modified packet stream;

replacing the substitute sync byte in said first transport packet of said modified packet stream with a conventional sync byte;

moving the byte located in the conventional sync byte position of said second transport packet of said modified packet stream to open up said conventional sync byte position and close said desired byte position; and

inserting a conventional sync byte into the conventional sync byte position opened up during said moving step.

14. A method for reconstructing said transport packet stream from an interleaved, modified packet stream provided in accordance with the method of claim 2, comprising the steps of:

detecting the concatenated first and second substitute sync bytes in the interleaved, modified packet stream;

synchronizing a deinterleaver using the detected concatenated substitute sync bytes;

deinterleaving the interleaved, modified packet stream to recover the modified packet stream;

replacing the substitute and auxiliary sync bytes in said first and third transport packets of said modified packet stream with a conventional sync byte;

moving bytes located in the conventional sync byte positions of said second and fourth transport packets of said modified packet stream to open up said conventional sync byte positions and close said desired byte positions; and

inserting conventional sync bytes into the conventional sync byte positions opened up during said moving step.

15. A method for reconstructing said transport packet stream from an interleaved, modified packet stream provided in accordance with the method of claim 1, comprising the steps of:

detecting the concatenated first and second substitute sync bytes in the interleaved, modified packet stream;

synchronizing a deinterleaver using the detected concatenated substitute sync bytes;

deinterleaving the interleaved, modified packet stream to recover the modified packet stream;

replacing the substitute sync byte in said first transport packet of said modified packet stream with a conventional sync byte;

moving a byte located in the conventional sync byte position of said second transport packet of said modified packet stream to open up said conventional sync byte position and close said desired byte position; and

inserting a conventional sync byte into the conventional sync byte position opened up during said moving step.

16. Apparatus for modifying a transport packet stream to provide concatenated synchronization bytes at an output of an interleaver receiving the modified packet stream, comprising:

means coupled to receive said transport packet stream for locating particular byte positions in successive transport packets;

means responsive to said locating means for replacing a conventional sync byte located in a first transport packet with a first substitute sync byte;

means responsive to said locating means for deleting a conventional sync byte located in a conventional sync byte position of a second transport packet and moving another byte from said second transport packet to said conventional sync byte position, thereby opening a desired byte position in the second transport packet; and

means responsive to said locating means for inserting a second substitute sync byte into said desired byte position;

wherein said first and second transport packets and said desired byte position provide said first and second substitute sync bytes at locations in the modified packet stream where said first substitute sync byte will be concatenated with said second substitute sync byte at the output of said interleaver.

17. Apparatus in accordance with claim 16 further comprising:

means responsive to said locating means for replacing a conventional sync byte located in a third transport packet with a first auxiliary byte;

means responsive to said locating means for deleting a conventional sync byte located in a conventional sync byte position of a fourth transport packet and moving another byte from said fourth transport packet to the conventional sync byte position of the fourth transport packet, thereby opening up a desired byte position in the fourth transport packet; and

means responsive to said locating means for inserting a second auxiliary byte into the desired byte position of said fourth transport packet;

wherein said third and fourth transport packets and the desired byte position in the fourth transport packet provide said first and second auxiliary bytes at positions in said modified packet stream where said first auxiliary byte will be concatenated with said second auxiliary byte at the output of said interleaver.

18. Apparatus in accordance with claim 17 wherein:

said desired byte positions are made available by shifting a group of N contiguous bytes immediately following the conventional sync byte in the respective transport packet by one byte, so that said group will commence at the conventional sync byte position of the respective transport packet, thereby opening up said desired byte position immediately following said group.

19. Apparatus in accordance with claim 17 further comprising:

a data randomizer following said interleaver for randomizing only portions of interleaved output that do not include the concatenated first and second substitute sync bytes;

wherein the concatenated substitute sync bytes are maintained in an unrandomized condition with the randomized portions of interleaved output.

20. Apparatus in accordance with claim 16 further comprising:

a data randomizer following said interleaver for randomizing only portions of interleaved output that do not include the concatenated first and second substitute sync bytes;

wherein the concatenated substitute sync bytes are maintained in an unrandomized condition with the randomized portions of interleaved output.

21. Apparatus for reconstructing an original transport packet stream with conventional sync bytes from a modified transport packet stream in which interleaved, modified transport packets provide concatenated substitute sync bytes, comprising:

means for detecting said concatenated substitute sync bytes in the modified transport packet stream;

means responsive to the detected concatenated substitute sync bytes for synchronizing a deinterleaver, said deinterleaver being coupled to deinterleave the modified transport packets;

means for locating a first substitute sync byte in a conventional sync byte position of a first deinterleaved transport packet and replacing the first substitute sync byte with a first conventional sync byte;

means for locating a second substitute sync byte in a nonconventional sync byte position of a second deinterleaved transport packet and replacing the second substitute sync byte with another byte from said second deinterleaved transport packet to open up a conventional sync byte position in said second deinterleaved transport packet; and

means for inserting a second conventional sync byte into the opened up conventional sync byte position of said second deinterleaved transport packet.

22. Apparatus in accordance with claim 21 further comprising:

a derandomizer for derandomizing portions of the modified transport packet stream prior to said deinterleaver; and

means for synchronizing said derandomizer using the detected concatenated substitute sync bytes, said derandomizer being adapted to selectively derandomize randomized portions of the modified transport packet stream without attempting to derandomize said concatenated substitute sync bytes.

23. Apparatus in accordance with claim 21 further comprising:

means for locating a first auxiliary byte in a conventional sync byte position of a third deinterleaved transport packet and replacing the first auxiliary byte with a conventional sync byte;

means for locating a second auxiliary byte in a nonconventional sync byte position of a fourth deinterleaved transport packet and replacing the second auxiliary byte with another byte from the fourth deinterleaved transport packet to open up a conventional sync byte position in said fourth deinterleaved transport packet; and

means for inserting a conventional sync byte into the opened up conventional sync byte position of said fourth deinterleaved transport packet.