Oil compositions useful in hydraulic fluids

• US 5,773,393 A
• Filed: 06/17/1997
• Issued: 06/30/1998
• Est. Priority Date: 09/16/1991
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: The Lubrizol Corporation (Berkshire Hathaway Incorporated)
• Original Assignee: The Lubrizol Corporation (Berkshire Hathaway Incorporated)
• Inventors: Adams, Paul Ernest
• Primary Examiner(s): McAvoy, Ellen M.
• Application Number:
  US08/877,090
• Time in Patent Office: 378 Days
• Field of Search: 508/551, 508/554, 508/555, 508/545
• US Class Current: 508/551
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 129/10 having hydroxy groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 133/00 Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 133/02 having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 133/06 having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 133/08 containing hydroxy groups
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 133/10 cycloaliphatic
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 133/12 having amino groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 133/16 Amides; Imides
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 133/38 Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 133/40 Six-membered ring containing nitrogen and carbon only
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 133/44 Five-membered ring containing nitrogen and carbon only
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 133/46 Imidazoles
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 133/48 the ring containing both nitrogen and oxygen
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 133/50 Morpholines
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 133/56 Amides; Imides
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 135/00 Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 135/18 thiocarbamic type, e.g. containing the groups
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 135/20 Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 135/28 containing sulfur atoms bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 135/30 containing hydroxy groups; Derivatives thereof
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 137/02 : having no phosphorus-to-carbon bond
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 137/10 : Thio derivatives
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 137/105 : not containing metal
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 139/00 : Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M127/00 - C10M137/00
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 141/10 : at least one of them being an organic phosphorus-containing compound
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 145/36 : etherified
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 149/12 : Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 149/14 : a condensation reaction being involved
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 161/00 : Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of a macromolecular compound and a non-macromolecular compound, each of these compounds being essential
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2207/023 : having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2207/026 : with tertiary alkyl groups
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2207/027 : Neutral salts thereof
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2209/104 : of alkylene oxides containing two carbon atoms only
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2209/108 : etherified
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/00 : Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/04 : having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/042 : containing hydroxy groups; Alkoxylated derivatives thereof
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/044 : having cycloaliphatic groups
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/06 : having amino groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/064 : Di- and triaryl amines
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/065 : Phenyl-Naphthyl amines
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/066 : Arylene diamines
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/067 : Polyaryl amine alkanes
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/068 : having amino groups bound to polycyclic aromatic ring systems, i.e. systems with three or more condensed rings
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/08 : Amides
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/082 : containing hydroxyl groups; Alkoxylated derivatives
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/086 : Imides
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/12 : Partial amides of polycarboxylic acids
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/122 : Phtalamic acid
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/22 : Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/221 : Six-membered rings containing nitrogen and carbon only
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/223 : Five-membered rings containing nitrogen and carbon only
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/224 : Imidazoles
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/225 : the rings containing both nitrogen and oxygen
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/226 : Morpholines
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/227 : Phthalocyanines
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/26 : Amines
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/28 : Amides; Imides
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/30 : Heterocyclic compounds
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2217/04 : Macromolecular compounds from nitrogen-containing monomers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2217/041 : involving a condensation reaction
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2217/046 : Polyamines, i.e. macromoleculars obtained by condensation of more than eleven amine monomers
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2217/06 : Macromolecular compounds obtained by functionalisation op polymers with a nitrogen containing compound
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2219/00 : Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2219/022 : of hydrocarbons, e.g. olefines
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2219/024 : of esters, e.g. fats
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2219/066 : Thiocarbamic type compounds
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2219/068 : Thiocarbamate metal salts
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2219/08 : Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2219/082 : containing sulfur atoms bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2219/083 : Dibenzyl sulfide
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2219/086 : containing sulfur atoms bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2219/087 : containing hydroxy groups; Derivatives thereof, e.g. sulfurised phenols
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2219/088 : Neutral salts
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2219/089 : Overbased salts
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2223/02 : having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2223/04 : Phosphate esters
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2223/042 : Metal salts thereof
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2223/045 : Metal containing thio derivatives
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2223/047 : Thioderivatives not containing metallic elements
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2223/049 : Phosphite
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2223/10 : Phosphatides, e.g. lecithin, cephalin
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2223/12 : obtained by phosphorisation of organic compounds, e.g. with PxSy, PxSyHal or PxOy
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2223/121 : of alcohols or phenols
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2225/04 : obtained by phosphorisation of macromolecualr compounds not containing phosphorus in the monomers
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2227/00 : Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2203/00, C10M2207/00, C10M2211/00, C10M2215/00, C10M2219/00 or C10M2223/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2227/06 : Organic compounds derived from inorganic acids or metal salts
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2227/061 : Esters derived from boron
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2227/062 : Cyclic esters
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2227/063 : Complexes of boron halides
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2227/065 : derived from Ti or Zr
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2227/066 : derived from Mo or W
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2229/02 : Unspecified siloxanes; Silicones
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2229/05 : containing atoms other than silicon, hydrogen, oxygen or carbon
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2010/02 : Groups 1 or 11
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2010/04 : Groups 2 or 12
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2010/06 : Groups 3 or 13
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2010/08 : Groups 4 or 14
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2010/12 : Groups 6 or 16
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2010/14 : Group 7
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2010/16 : Groups 8, 9, or 10
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2030/12 : Inhibition of corrosion, e.g. anti-rust agents or anti-corrosives
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2040/02 : Bearings
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2040/08 : Hydraulic fluids, e.g. brake-fluids
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2040/25 : Internal-combustion engines
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2040/251 : Alcohol-fuelled engines
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2040/252 : Diesel engines
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2040/253 : Small diesel engines
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2040/255 : Gasoline engines
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2040/26 : Two-strokes or two-cycle engines
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2040/28 : Rotary engines
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2070/02 : Concentrating of additives

Abstract

The present invention includes a composition which comprises a major amount of an oil of lubricating viscosity and a minor amount effective to inhibit metal corrosion of a soluble additive mixture comprising

(A) at least one amide compound of a mono- or polycarboxylic acid or reactive derivative thereof; and

(B) at least about 0.1 mole of at least one amine per mole of amide, provided that when (A) is an amide of a dicarboxylic acid and the amine is an alkanol amine, the mixture contains more than 0.5 equivalent of the amine (B) per equivalent of amide (A).

The compositions of the invention exhibit improved corrosion-inhibiting properties and the compositions are useful in a variety of lubrication applications. In particular the compositions are useful as hydraulic fluids.

Claims

1. A composition comprising at least about 70% by weight of an oil of lubricating viscosity and an amount effective to inhibit metal corrosion of a soluble additive mixture comprising

(A) at least one amide compound derived from a mono- or polycarboxylic acid or reactive derivative of said mono- or polycarboxylic acid and at least one alkanolamine;

and

(B) at least about 0.5 mole of at least one amine per mole of amide wherein the lubricating composition is substantially non-aqueous.

2. The composition of claim 1 wherein the amine (B) is characterized by at least one of the formulae

3. The composition of claim 2 wherein R⁵ and R⁶ are hydroxyhydrocarbyl groups.

4. The composition of claim 2 wherein R⁵ and R⁶ are aminohydrocarbyl groups.

5. The composition of claim 1 wherein the composition comprises at least about 0.001% by weight of the additive mixture.

6. The composition of claim 1 wherein additive mixture is prepared by reacting at least one mono- or polycarboxylic acid of the formula R COOH!_n, or reactive derivative of said mono- or polycarboxylic acid, and wherein n is 1, 2 or 3, and R is a hydrocarbyl group containing from about 6 to about 60 carbon atoms;

with at least about 1.5 n moles, per mole of carboxylic acid, of at least one amine characterized by one or more of the formulae

space="preserve" listing-type="equation">R.sup.5 R.sup.6 NH (IV)

space="preserve" listing-type="equation">H(N(X)-Alk-).sub.a NH.sub.2 (V)

wherein R⁵, R⁶ and X are each independently hydrogen or hydrocarbyl, aminohydrocarbyl, hydroxyhydrocarbyl or heterocyclic-substituted hydrocarbyl groups containing up to about 10 carbon atoms provided that both R⁵ and R⁶ are not hydrogen;

Alk is an alkylene group containing up to about 10 carbon atoms; and

a is 2 to about 10.

7. The composition of claim 6 wherein the reactive derivative of said mono- or polycarboxylic acid is an ester, amide, acid halide, anhydride, ketene or lactone of the mono- or polycarboxylic acid.

8. The composition of claim 6 wherein n=1 and one mole of carboxylic acid or reactive derivative of said carboxylic acid is reacted with from about 1.5 to about 2.5 moles of amine.

9. The composition of claim 6 wherein at least 95% of the carboxylic acid or reactive derivative of said carboxylic acid is reacted.

10. The composition of claim 6 wherein substantially all of the carboxylic acid or reactive derivative of said carboxylic acid is reacted.

11. The composition of claim 6 wherein the acid is a dicarboxylic acid selected from a hydrocarbyl-substituted dicarboxylic acids containing an average of about 8 to about 40 carbon atoms, and dimer acids containing from about 18 to about 44 carbon atoms.

12. The composition of claim 6 wherein n is 1 and R is a hydrocarbyl group containing an average of from 6 to about 38 carbon atoms.

13. The composition of claim 1 also containing from about 0.01 to about 2% by weight of at least one antiwear agent which is an ester or a salt of a dihydrocarbyldithiophosphoric acid, or mixtures thereof.

14. The composition of claim 13 wherein the antiwear agent is a zinc dialkylphosphorodithloate.

15. The composition of claim 1 also containing from about 0.0005 to about 0.5% by weight of at least one oxidation inhibitor.

16. The composition of claim 15 wherein the oxidation inhibitor is a hindered phenol, an aromatic amine, an alkyl polysulfide, a selenide, a borate, a dithiocarbamate a sulfurized metal phenate, or mixtures thereof.

17. The composition of claim 15 wherein the oxidation inhibitor is a sulfurized Group II metal phenate.

18. The composition of claim 1 also containing at least one metal deactivating compound which is a benzotriazole.

19. A process for the transmission of force hydraulically wherein a force is applied at one point in a hydraulic system and transmitted by a hydraulic fluid through the hydraulic system so as to produce a change in the direction or magnitude of that force, wherein the hydraulic system contains a hydraulic fluid of the composition of claim 1.

20. The lubricating composition of claim 1 wherein the lubricating composition is substantially free of water.

21. The lubricating composition of claim 1 wherein the lubricating composition contains less than about 0.5% water.

22. The lubricating composition of claim 1 wherein the amine is an aliphatic or cycloaliphatic amine.

23. A composition comprising at least 70% by weight of an oil of lubricating viscosity and an amount effective to inhibit metal corrosion of a soluble mixture comprising

(A) at least one amide is characterized by one or more of the formulae ##STR3## wherein R is a hydrocarbyl group containing from about 6 to about 90 carbon atoms;

each of R¹, R², and X is independently hydrogen or a hydrocarbyl, aminohydrocarbyl, hydroxyhydrocarbyl or a heterocyclic-substituted hydrocarbyl group provided that for R¹ and R² (i) not hydrogen, (ii) one is hydrogen, or (iii) is hydroxyhydrocarbyl;

each of R³ and R⁴ is, independently, a hydrocarbylene group containing up to about 10 carbon atoms;

Alk is an alkylene group containing up to about 1 0 carbon atoms;

a is an integer of from 2 to about 10; and

n is 1, 2 or 3.

24. The composition of claim 23 wherein n is 1 and R contains 6 to 38 carbon atoms.

25. The composition of claim 23 wherein n is 2 or 3 and R contains from 8 to 90 carbon atoms.

26. The composition of claim 23 wherein none of R¹ and R² is hydrogen.

27. The composition of claim 23 wherein at least one of R¹ and R² is a hydroxyhydrocarbyl group.

28. The composition of claim 23 wherein R¹ and R² are hydroxyhydrocarbyl groups.

29. The composition of claim 23 wherein the amide is characterized by Formula I and n is 1.

30. The composition of claim 29 wherein the amine is characterized by Formula IV.

31. A composition comprising a major amount of an oil of lubricating viscosity and from about 0.005 to about 5% by weight of a soluble additive mixture comprising

(A) at least one amide compound characterized by the formula

View Dependent Claims (33, 34, 35, 36, 37)

33. The composition of claim 31 wherein R¹, R², R⁵ and R⁶ are hydroxyhydrocarbyl groups.

34. The composition of claim 33 wherein the hydroxyhydrocarbyl groups are hydroxyethyl groups.

35. The composition of claim 31 wherein the amide (A) is a fatty acid amide.

36. A process for the transmission of force hydraulically wherein a force is applied at one point in a hydraulic system and transmitted by a hydraulic fluid through the hydraulic system so as to produce a change in the direction or magnitude of that force, wherein the hydraulic system contains a hydraulic fluid of the composition of claim 34.

37. The lubricating composition of claim 31 wherein the lubricating composition is substantially nonaqueous.

32. The composition of 31 wherein R¹ is the same as R⁵ and R² is the same as R⁶.

38. A composition comprising a major amount of an oil of lubricating viscosity and from about 0.005 to about 5% by weight of a soluble nitrogen-containing additive obtained by reacting at least one carboxylic acid of the formula

View Dependent Claims (39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47)

39. The composition of claim 38 wherein the reactive derivative of said carboxylic acid is an ester, amide, acid halide, anhydride, ketene or lactone of the carboxylic acid.

40. The composition of claim 38 wherein one mole of carboxylic acid or reactive derivative of said carboxylic acid is reacted with from about 1.5 to about 2.5 moles of amine.

41. The composition of claim 38 wherein at least about 95% of the carboxylic acid or reactive derivative of said carboxylic acid is reacted.

42. The composition of claim 38 wherein substantially all of the carboxylic acid or reactive derivative of said carboxylic acid is reacted with the amine.

43. The composition of claim 38 wherein n is 1 and R is a hydrocarbyl group containing from 6 to about 30 carbon atoms.

44. The composition of claim 38 wherein the carboxylic acid is a fatty acid containing from 12 to about 24 carbon atoms.

45. The composition of claim 38 wherein R⁵ and R⁶ are not hydrogen.

46. The composition of claim 38 wherein R⁵ and R⁶ are each independently hydroxyhydrocarbyl or aminohydrocarbyl groups.

47. The composition of claim 38 wherein R⁵ and R⁶ are hydroxyalkyl groups.

48. A composition comprising at least about 70% by weight of an oil of lubricating viscosity and an amount effective to inhibit metal corrosion of a soluble additive mixture comprising

(A) at least one amide compound derived from a mono- or polycarboxylic acid or reactive derivative of said mono- or polycarboxylic acid, wherein the amide is characterized by one or more of the formulae ##STR4## wherein R is a hydrocarbyl group containing from about 6 to about 90 carbon atoms;

each of R¹, R², and X is independently hydrogen or a hydrocarbyl, aminohydrocarbyl, hydroxyhydrocarbyl or a heterocyclic-substituted hydrocarbyl group provided that both R¹ and R² are not hydrogen and one is hydrocarbyl each of R³ and R⁴ is, independently, a hydrocarbylene group containing up to about 10 carbon atoms;

Alk is an alkylene group containing up to about 10 carbon atoms;

a is an integer of from 2 to about 10; and

n is 1.2 or 3; and

(B) at least about 0.1 mole of an amine per mole of amide, wherein the amine is characterized by at least one of the formulae

space="preserve" listing-type="equation">R.sup.5 R.sup.6 NH (IV)

space="preserve" listing-type="equation">H(N(X)-ALK-).sub.a NH.sub.2 (V)

wherein R⁵, R⁶ and X are each independently hydrogen or alkyl, aminoalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, or heterocyclic-substituted alkyl groups containing up to 10 carbon atoms provided that both R⁵ and R⁶ are not hydrogen;

ALK is an alkylene group containing up to about 10 carbon atoms; and

a is 2 to about 10 wherein the lubricating composition is substantially non-aqueous.

49. The composition of claim 48 wherein the composition comprises at least about 0.01% by weight of the additive mixture.