Method and apparatus for analyzing uterine electrical activity from surface measurements for obstetrical diagnosis
First Claim
1. A method for characterizing uterine electrical activity, comprising:
- a. applying action potential measuring electrodes to an abdominal or vaginal (or cervical) surface of a patient;
b. acquiring analog electromyographic signals transmitted through said electrodes, at a sampling frequency between about 0.5 and 1 kHz, for a duration of time sufficient to record at least one burst of action potentials;
c. amplifying said electromyographic signals;
d. storing acquired electromyographic signals, including at least one burst of action potentials;
e. analyzing uterine activity indicating parameters from at least one burst of action potentials within the stored electromyographic signals; and
f. characterizing uterine activity of said patient based on said parameter analysis.
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Abstract
A method and apparatus is presented for recording uterine electrical activity from the surface of the abdomen or vagina for the purpose of diagnosing contractile patterns of the uterus or abdominal muscles in pregnant and nonpregnant patients. The present invention provides data analysis techniques for analyzing electromyographic data measured from the surface of a patient to characterize uterine activity. The method and apparatus described include algorithms for the systematic analysis of electrical signals recorded from the abdominal surface. Such processing comprises integration of signals, frequency spectral analysis, 3-dimensional power density mesh plots, vector analysis, fast wavelet transform, and joint time-frequency characteristics. These techniques and apparatus are appropriate for use in a clinic or through communication lines for use as a remote or home uterine monitoring system. As such, uterine electrical activity may be measured at a remote location and processed at a central facility through on-line communications channels, such as a telephone line. The techniques and apparatus disclosed are also useful in predicting successful treatment for cases where either the uterus fails to develop forceful contractions at term or begins to contract pre-term.
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Citations
23 Claims
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1. A method for characterizing uterine electrical activity, comprising:
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a. applying action potential measuring electrodes to an abdominal or vaginal (or cervical) surface of a patient; b. acquiring analog electromyographic signals transmitted through said electrodes, at a sampling frequency between about 0.5 and 1 kHz, for a duration of time sufficient to record at least one burst of action potentials; c. amplifying said electromyographic signals; d. storing acquired electromyographic signals, including at least one burst of action potentials; e. analyzing uterine activity indicating parameters from at least one burst of action potentials within the stored electromyographic signals; and f. characterizing uterine activity of said patient based on said parameter analysis. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16)
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17. An apparatus for recording and analyzing uterine electrical activity for the abdominal or vaginal surface, comprising
a. at least one electrode capable of measuring action potentials emitted from the abdominal or vaginal surface of a patient under analysis and further capable of emitting an analog signal indicative of action potentials measured by said electrode; -
b. an amplifier electrically coupled to said electrode to receive and amplify a signal indicative of action potentials measured by said electrode; c. a memory comprising sufficient storage capacity to store data resulting from a sampling of electromyographic signals at a sampling frequency of at least 100 Hz for a duration of time sufficient to record at least five bursts of action potentials, said memory coupled to receive a digital input from said amplifier indicative of action potential signals received by said converter; d. a filtering device capable of segregating and identifying electromyographic signals, including action potentials, in a frequency range of 0.3 Hz to 50 Hz from electromyographic signals outside said range; and e. a computer comprising an expert system programmed to analyze the frequency, duration, amplitude, and power density spectrum of action potential bursts and individual action potentials, said expert system further being capable of characterizing uterine activity based upon said analysis. - View Dependent Claims (18, 19, 20, 21, 22)
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23. A remote uterine monitoring system for remotely characterizing uterine activity, comprising:
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a. at least one electrode capable of measuring action potentials emitted from the abdominal or vaginal surface of a patient under analysis and further capable of emitting an analog signal indicative of action potentials measured by said electrode; b. an amplifier electrically coupled to said electrode to receive and amplify a signal indicative of action potentials measured by said electrode; c. a data transmission system capable of receiving an amplified signal from said amplifier and transmitting said signal to a remote location from said electrode; d. a remote analog to digital converter coupled to said data transmission system to receive an analog input from said amplifier indicative of action potentials measured by said electrode; e. a memory comprising sufficient storage capacity to store data resulting from a sampling of electromyographic signals at a sampling frequency of at least 100 Hz for a duration of time sufficient to record at least five bursts of action potentials, said memory coupled to receive a digital input from said analog to digital converter indicative of action potential signals received by said converter; f. a filtering device capable of segregating and identifying electromyographic signals, including action potentials, in a frequency range of 0.3 Hz to 50 Hz from electromyographic signals outside said range; and g. a computer comprising an expert system programmed to analyze the frequency, duration, amplitude, and power density spectrum of action potential bursts and individual action potentials, said expert system further being capable of characterizing uterine activity based upon said analysis.
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Specification