Method and apparatus for efficient multiband celp wideband speech and music coding and decoding

• US 5,778,335 A
• Filed: 02/26/1996
• Issued: 07/07/1998
• Est. Priority Date: 02/26/1996
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Regents of the University of California (University of California)
• Original Assignee: Regents of the University of California (University of California)
• Inventors: Ubale, Anil Wamanrao, Gersho, Allen
• Primary Examiner(s): Hudspeth, David R.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Smits, Talivaldis Ivars
• Application Number:
  US08/605,509
• Time in Patent Office: 862 Days
• Field of Search: 395/2.28, 395/2.32, 395/2.71, 395/2.73, 395/2.91, 704/219, 704/223, 704/262, 704/264, 704/500
• US Class Current: 704/219
• CPC Class Codes: G10H 1/125 using a digital filter
• CPC Class Codes: G10H 2210/046 for differentiation between music and non-music signals, based on the identification of musical parameters, e.g. based on tempo detection
• CPC Class Codes: G10H 2240/251 Mobile telephone transmission, i.e. transmitting, accessing or controlling music data wirelessly via a wireless or mobile telephone receiver, analogue or digital, e.g. DECT, GSM, UMTS
• CPC Class Codes: G10H 2250/581 Codebook-based waveform compression
• CPC Class Codes: G10H 2250/585 CELP [code excited linear prediction]
• CPC Class Codes: G10H 7/00 Instruments in which the tones are synthesised from a data store, e.g. computer organs
• CPC Class Codes: G10L 19/002 Dynamic bit allocation for perceptual audio coders G10L19/032
• CPC Class Codes: G10L 19/0204 using subband decomposition
• CPC Class Codes: G10L 19/10 the excitation function being a multipulse excitation
• CPC Class Codes: G10L 19/12 the excitation function being a code excitation, e.g. in code excited linear prediction [CELP] vocoders
• CPC Class Codes: G10L 19/18 Vocoders using multiple modes
• CPC Class Codes: G10L 2019/0005 Multi-stage vector quantisation
• CPC Class Codes: G10L 2025/783 based on threshold decision

Abstract

A method of digitally compressing speech and music by use of multiple band ("multiband") fixed excitations stored in codebooks. The use of multiband fixed excitations, along with a coupling method for interconnecting the excitation codebooks and adaptive codebooks and for generating the composite excitation signal, improve the long-term and short-term prediction, and the use of voice-music classification allows the coding structure to be adapted to the statistical character of the audio signal.

Claims

1. A method for encoding and decoding sound, comprising the steps of:

analyzing an input waveform and computing the linear prediction coefficients for a portion of the input waveform;

classifying the input waveform as one of a group comprising speech and music;

generating a first plurality of codebooks, each having an output, where each codebook is associated with a frequency band;

generating at least one first adaptive codebook having an output;

coupling the output of the first plurality of codebooks and the output of the at least one first adaptive codebook together to create a composite waveform;

synthesis filtering the composite waveform;

perceptually weighting the input waveform;

perceptually weighting the synthesis filtered composite waveform;

differencing the perceptually weighted synthesis filtered composite waveform from the perceptually weighted input waveform to form an output waveform;

searching through the first plurality of codebooks and the adaptive codebook to minimize the errors in the output waveform; and

decoding the output waveform using a second plurality of codebooks and at least one second adaptive codebook.

2. The method of claim 1, further comprising the step of masking an output quantization noise from the output of the first plurality of codebooks.

3. The method of claim 1, further comprising the step of post-filtering the decoded output waveform.

4. A system to encode and decode sound, comprising:

an analyzer to compute linear prediction coefficients for a portion of an input waveform;

a classifier for classifying the input waveform as one of a group comprising speech, speech and music, and music;

a first plurality of codebooks, each having an output, where each codebook is associated with a frequency band;

at least one first adaptive codebook having an output;

a first coupler to couple the output of the first plurality of codebooks and the output of the at least one first adaptive codebook together to create a composite waveform;

a synthesis filter for filtering the composite waveform;

a first perceptual weighting filter for filtering the input waveform;

a second perceptual weighting filter for filtering the synthesis filtered composite waveform;

a signal combiner for differencing the perceptually weighted synthesis filtered composite waveform from the perceptually weighted input waveform to form an output waveform;

selector means for searching through the first plurality of codebooks and the adaptive codebook to minimize the errors in the output waveform; and

decoder means for decoding the output waveform, the decoder comprising a second plurality of codebooks and at least one second adaptive codebook.

5. The system of claim 4, wherein the system further comprises masking means for masking a quantization noise from the output of the first plurality of codebooks.

6. The system of claim 4, further comprising of post-filtering means for filtering the decoded output waveform.

7. A method for encoding an audio signal, comprising the steps of:

generating a multiple band excitation codebook bank and at least one adaptive codebook;

coupling the multiple band fixed excitation codebook bank and the at least one adaptive codebook for generating a composite excitation signal,

providing a long-term and a short-term prediction signal;

classifying as voice or music the composite excitation signal based on the long-term prediction signal and the short-term prediction signal; and

adapting the classified composite excitation signal to a statistical character of the audio signal.