Object oriented information retrieval framework mechanism

• US 5,778,378 A
• Filed: 04/30/1996
• Issued: 07/07/1998
• Est. Priority Date: 04/30/1996
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation, Board of Regents of the University of Michigan (University of Michigan)
• Original Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Inventors: Rubin, Bradley Scott
• Primary Examiner(s): Amsbury, Wayne
• Application Number:
  US08/639,589
• Time in Patent Office: 798 Days
• Field of Search: 395/61, 707/103, 707/5, 707/4
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 16/289 Object oriented databases
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 707/913 Multimedia
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 707/99934 Query formulation, input preparation, or translation
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 707/99935 Query augmenting and refining, e.g. inexact access
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 707/99936 Pattern matching access
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 707/99944 Object-oriented database structure

Abstract

A framework for use with object-oriented programming systems provides a reusable object oriented (OO) framework for use with object oriented programming systems that provides an information retrieval (IR) shell that permits a framework user to define an index class that includes word index objects and provides an extensible information retrieval system that evaluates a user query by comparing information contained in the user query with information contained in the word index objects that relates to stored documents. The information in word index objects is produced by preprocessing operations on documents such that the documents relevant to the user query will be identified, thereby providing a query result. The information retrieval system user can load documents into the computer system storage, index documents so their information can be subject to a query search, and request query evaluation to identify and retrieve documents most closely related to the subject matter of a user query.

Claims

1. A computer system comprising:

a central processing unit;

a user interface; and

a main memory having an operating system that supports an object oriented programming environment containing a framework that provides an extensible information retrieval system that operates on documents stored in the computer system, the framework including;

index class objects having word index objects that map words contained in the stored documents to the documents that contain the words;

a build index object that responds to a user build index request by processing a stored document and creating the word index objects such that they contain the document word mapping and document-related information produced by a preprocessing operation;

a posting list class of objects that are pointed to by the word index objects and contain a frequency count that indicates the number of times a word appears in a word index object of a document;

a document table class of objects that map a word index object to the indexed document from which it was preprocessed; and

a query index object that processes a user query so as to produce a query result from comparison of the user query and the word index objects in response to a user query;

wherein the query result identifies stored documents relevant to the user query.

2. A computer system as defined in claim 1, wherein the preprocessing operation includes a parsing method that identifies text words from other text characters.

3. A computer system as defined in claim 1, wherein the preprocessing operation includes a stoplist method that identifies text words not containing sufficient information to be useful in providing a query result and deletes such text words.

4. A computer system as defined in claim 1, wherein the preprocessing operation includes a stemming method that identifies text word stems of which a text word is a formative, and replaces the text word with the stem.

5. A computer system as defined in claim 1, wherein the documents are stored in the computer system as instances of an object oriented extensible binary-large-object class having document objects containing text information and binary document objects containing a digital representation of information other than text.

6. A computer system as defined in claim 5, wherein each binary document object is linked to a document object containing text information relating to the information other than text that is contained in the binary document object.

7. A computer system as defined in claim 5, wherein the digital representation of information other than text comprises image data, video data, or audio data.

8. A computer system as defined in claim 1, wherein the framework includes an object oriented load document object that stores documents into the memory of the system in response to a user storage request.

9. An object oriented framework for use in a computer system having an operating system that supports an object oriented programming environment, wherein the framework provides an extensible information retrieval system that operates on documents stored in the computer system and includes:

index class objects having word index objects that map words contained in the stored documents to the documents that contain the words;

a build index object that responds to a user build index request by processing a stored document and creating the word index objects such that they contain the document word mapping and document-related information produced by a preprocessing operation;

a posting list class of objects that are pointed to by the word index objects and contain a frequency count that indicates the number of times a word appears in a word index object of a document;

a document table class of objects that map a word index object to the indexed document from which it was preprocessed; and

a query index object that processes a user query so as to produce a query result from comparison of the user query and the word index objects in response to a user query;

wherein the query result identifies stored documents relevant to the user query.

10. An object oriented framework as defined in claim 9, wherein the preprocessing operation of the information retrieval system includes a parsing method that identifies text words from other text characters.

11. An object oriented framework as defined in claim 9, wherein the preprocessing operation of the information retrieval system includes a stoplist method that identifies text words not containing sufficient information to be useful in providing a query result and deletes such text words.

12. An object oriented framework as defined in claim 9, wherein the preprocessing operation of the information retrieval system includes a stemming method that identifies text word stems of which a text word is a formative, and replaces the text word with the stem.

13. An object oriented framework as defined in claim 9, wherein the documents are stored in the computer system as instances of an object oriented extensible binary-large-object class having document objects containing text information and binary document objects containing a digital representation of information other than text.

14. An object oriented framework as defined in claim 13, wherein each binary document object is linked to a document object containing text information relating to the information other than text that is contained in the binary document object.

15. An object oriented framework as defined in claim 13, wherein the digital representation of information other than text comprises image data, video data, or audio data.

16. An object oriented framework as defined in claim 9, wherein the framework includes an object oriented load document object that stores documents into the memory of the system in response to a user storage request.

17. A program product for use in a computer system having an operating system that supports an object-oriented programming environment, the program product comprising:

a signal bearing media; and

a framework recorded on the signal bearing media, the framework providing an extensible information retrieval system that operates on documents stored in the computer system and includes;

index class objects having word index objects that map words contained in the stored documents to the documents that contain the words;

a build index object that responds to a user build index request by processing a stored document and creating the word index objects such that they contain the document word mapping and document-related information produced by a preprocessing operation;

a posting list class of objects that are pointed to by the word index objects and contain a frequency count that indicates the number of times a word appears in a word index object of a document;

a document table class of objects that map a word index object to the indexed document from which it was preprocessed; and

a query index object that processes a user query so as to produce a query result from comparison of the user query and the word index objects in response to a user query;

wherein the query result identifies stored documents relevant to the user query.

18. A program product as defined in claim 17, wherein the preprocessing operation includes a parsing method that identifies text words from other text characters.

19. A program product as defined in claim 17, wherein the preprocessing operation includes a stoplist method that identifies text words not containing sufficient information to be useful in providing a query result and deletes such text words.

20. A program product as defined in claim 17, wherein the preprocessing operation includes a stemming method that identifies text word stems of which a text word is a formative, and replaces the text word with the stem.

21. A program product as defined in claim 17, wherein the documents are stored in the computer system as instances of an object oriented extensible binary-large-object class having document objects containing text information and binary document objects containing a digital representation of information other than text.

22. A program product as defined in claim 21, wherein each binary document object is linked to a document object containing text information relating to the information other than text that is contained in the binary document object.

23. A program product as defined in claim 21, wherein the digital representation of information other than text comprises image data, video data, or audio data.

24. A program product as defined in claim 17, wherein the framework includes an object oriented load document object that stores documents into the memory of the system in response to a user storage request.

25. A program product as defined in claim 17, wherein the signal bearing media comprises recordable media.

26. A program product as defined in claim 17, wherein the signal bearing media comprises transmission media.

27. A method of executing an application program in a computer system having a central processing unit that controls processing in the computer system, a user interface, and a main memory having an operating system that supports an object oriented programming environment, the method comprising the steps of:

providing an object oriented framework that provides an extensible information retrieval system; and

evaluating a user query by using the framework to compare information contained in the user query with information contained in object oriented programming, extensible index class objects of the framework having word index objects that map words contained in the stored documents to the documents that contain the words, wherein the framework further includes;

a build index object that responds to a user build index request by processing a stored document and creating the word index objects such that they contain the document word mapping and document-related information produced by a preprocessing operation;

a posting list class of objects that are pointed to by the word index objects and contain a frequency count that indicates the number of times a word appears in a word index object of a document;

a document table class of objects that map a word index object to the indexed document from which it was preprocessed; and

a query index object that processes a user query so as to produce a query result from comparison of the user query and the word index objects in response to a user query;

a build index object that responds to a user build index request by processing a stored document and creating the word index objects such that they contain the document word mapping and document-related information produced by a preprocessing operation;

a posting list class of objects that are pointed to by the word index objects and contain a frequency count that indicates the number of times a word appears in a word index object of a document;

a document table class of objects that map a word index object to the indexed document from which it was preprocessed; and

a query index object that processes a user query so as to produce a query result from comparison of the user query and the word index objects in response to a user query;

wherein the query result identifies stored documents relevant to the user query.

28. A method as defined in claim 27, wherein the preprocessing operation of the provided framework includes a parsing method that identifies text words from other text characters.

29. A method as defined in claim 27, wherein the preprocessing operation of the provided framework includes a stoplist method that identifies text words not containing sufficient information to be useful in providing a query result and deletes such text words.

30. A method as defined in claim 27, wherein the preprocessing operation of the provided framework includes a stemming method that identifies text word stems of which a text word is a formative, and replaces the text word with the stem.

31. A method as defined in claim 27, wherein the documents are stored in the computer system as instances of an object oriented extensible binary-large-object class having document objects containing text information and binary document objects containing a digital representation of information other than text.

32. A method as defined in claim 31, wherein each binary document object is linked to a document object containing text information relating to the information other than text that is contained in the binary document object.

33. A method as defined in claim 31, wherein the digital representation of information other than text comprises image data, video data, or audio data.

34. A method as defined in claim 27, wherein the provided framework includes an object oriented load document object that stores documents into the memory of the system in response to a user storage request.