Retractable safety needle instrument with movable safety member

• US 5,779,680 A
• Filed: 01/13/1995
• Issued: 07/14/1998
• Est. Priority Date: 11/27/1991
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Inbae Yoon
• Original Assignee: Inbae Yoon
• Inventors: Yoon, InBae
• Primary Examiner(s): RIMELL, SAMUEL G
• Application Number:
  US08/371,687
• Time in Patent Office: 1,278 Days
• Field of Search: 604/157, 604/158, 604/164, 604/165, 604/167, 604/264, 604/274, 606/185
• US Class Current: 604/164.12
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/3417 Details of tips or shafts, e.g. grooves, expandable, bendable; Multiple coaxial sliding cannulas, e.g. for dilating syringe needles A61M5/32; dilators A61M29/00
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/3496 Protecting sleeves or inner probes; Retractable tips for protecting body piercing guide needles A61M25/0612
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2017/00477 Coupling A61B2017/0046 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2017/3484 Anchoring means, e.g. spreading-out umbrella-like structure
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2090/08021 of the patient or his organs
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2090/0811 for the position of a particular part of an instrument with respect to the rest of the instrument, e.g. position of the anvil of a stapling instrument

Abstract

A safety needle instrument for establishing a portal in the wall of an anatomical cavity includes a housing, a cannula either fixed to the housing or distally-biased and movable relative to the housing between an extended rest position and a proximally spaced retracted position, a needle disposed within the cannula and movable relative to the cannula between an extended position where a distal end of the needle protrudes distally from a distal end of the cannula and a retracted position proximally spaced from the extended position, a distally-biased safety shield disposed between the cannula and the needle and movable relative to the needle between an extended safety shield rest position protecting the needle distal end when the needle is retracted and a safety shield retracted position exposing the needle distal end when the needle is extended, a retracting mechanism for moving the needle from the needle extended position to the needle retracted position, a handle or knob for manually moving the needle from the needle retracted position to the needle extended position, a locking mechanism for locking the needle in the needle extended position, and a releasing mechanism responsive to penetration of the safety needle instrument into the anatomical cavity.

Claims

1. A safety needle instrument for establishing a portal in the wall of an anatomical cavity comprising

a housing;

an elongate cannula having a proximal end mounted by said housing and a distal end for introduction in the anatomical cavity;

a needle disposed within said cannula and having a distal end for penetrating the anatomical cavity wall, said needle being movable relative to said cannula between an extended position where said distal end of said needle protrudes distally from said distal end of said cannula and a retracted position proximally spaced from said extended position;

a safety shield disposed between said cannula and said needle, said safety shield being movable relative to said cannula between an extended safety shield rest position protecting said needle distal end when said needle is retracted and a safety shield retracted position exposing said needle distal end when said needle is extended;

safety shield bias means for biasing said safety shield distally toward said safety shield rest position;

retracting means for moving said needle from said needle extended position to said needle retracted position;

means for manually moving said needle from said needle retracted position to said needle extended position;

locking means for locking said needle in said needle extended position while permitting a predetermined amount of proximal movement of said needle during penetration of the anatomical cavity wall;

needle bias means for biasing said needle distally in said locked needle extended position to permit said needle to move proximally during penetration of the anatomical cavity wall and distally upon introduction into the anatomical cavity; and

releasing means responsive to penetration of said safety needle instrument into the anatomical cavity for triggering release of said locking means to permit said retracting means to move said needle to said needle retracted position.

2. A safety needle instrument as recited in claim 1 wherein said releasing means is responsive to distally-biased movement of said needle upon penetrating into the anatomical cavity.

3. A safety needle instrument as recited in claim 1 wherein said releasing means is responsive to distally-biased movement of said safety shield upon penetrating into the anatomical cavity.

4. A safety needle instrument as recited in claim 1 wherein said releasing means is responsive to distally-biased movement of said cannula and said needle upon penetrating into the anatomical cavity.

5. A safety needle instrument as recited in claim 1 wherein said needle distal end extends distally from a junction where a transverse dimension of said needle changes and wherein said safety shield distal end is aligned with said junction when said safety shield is in said rest position and said needle is in said locked needle extended position.

6. A safety needle instrument as recited in claim 1 wherein said needle distal end extends distally from a junction where a transverse dimension of said needle changes and wherein said safety shield distal end is located proximally of said junction when said safety shield is in said rest position and said needle is in said locked needle extended position.

7. A safety needle instrument as recited in claim 1 wherein said needle distal end extends distally from a junction where a transverse dimension of said needle changes and wherein said safety shield distal end is located distally of said junction when said safety shield is in said rest position and said needle is in said locked needle extended position.

8. A safety needle instrument as recited in claim 2 and further comprising a rail member mounting a proximal end of said needle, wherein said proximal end of said needle includes a flange movable within said rail member and said locking and releasing mechanism includes a latch spring engaging said rail member to lock said needle in said extended position and a trigger responsive to distally-biased movement of said needle flange for releasing said latch spring.

9. A safety needle instrument as recited in claim 3 and further comprising a rail member mounting a proximal end of said needle, wherein said proximal end of said needle includes a flange movable within said rail member, said proximal end of said safety shield includes an operating member, and said locking and releasing mechanism includes a latch spring for engaging said rail member to lock said needle in said extended position and a trigger responsive to distally-biased movement of said operating member for releasing said latch spring.

10. A safety needle instrument as recited in claim 4 and further comprising a rail member mounting a proximal end of said needle, wherein said proximal end of said needle includes a flange movable within said rail member, said proximal end of said safety shield includes an operating member, and said locking and releasing mechanism includes a latch spring for engaging said rail member to lock said needle in said extended position and a trigger responsive to distally-biased movement of said operating member and needle flange for releasing said latch spring.

11. A safety needle instrument for establishing a portal in the wall of an anatomical cavity comprising

a housing;

an elongate cannula having a proximal end mounted by said housing and a distal end for introduction in the anatomical cavity, said cannula being movable relative to said housing between an extended rest position and a proximally spaced retracted position;

cannula bias means for biasing said cannula distally toward said cannula rest position;

a needle disposed within said cannula and having a distal end for penetrating the anatomical cavity wall, said needle being movable relative to said cannula between an extended position and a retracted position proximally spaced from said extended position;

a safety shield disposed between said cannula and said needle, said safety shield being movable relative to said needle between an extended safety shield rest position protecting said needle distal end when said needle is retracted and a safety shield retracted position exposing said needle distal end when said needle is extended;

safety shield bias means for biasing said safety shield distally toward said safety shield rest position;

retracting means for moving said needle from said needle extended position to said needle retracted position;

means for manually moving said needle from said needle retracted position to said needle extended position;

locking means for locking said needle in said needle extended position and preventing proximal movement of said needle during penetration of the anatomical cavity wall; and

releasing means responsive to penetration of said safety needle instrument into the anatomical cavity for triggering release of said locking means to permit said retracting means to move said needle proximally to said needle retracted position.

12. A safety needle instrument as recited in claim 11 wherein said releasing means is responsive to distally-biased movement of said cannula upon penetrating into the anatomical cavity.

13. A safety needle instrument as recited in claim 11 wherein said releasing means is responsive to distally-biased movement of said safety shield upon penetrating into the anatomical cavity.

14. A safety needle instrument as recited in claim 11 wherein said releasing means is responsive to distally-biased movement of said cannula and said safety shield upon penetrating into the anatomical cavity.

15. A safety needle instrument as recited in claim 11 wherein said needle distal end extends distally from a junction where a transverse dimension of said needle changes and wherein said safety shield distal end is aligned with said junction when said safety shield is in said rest position and said needle is in said locked needle extended position.

16. A safety needle instrument as recited in claim 11 wherein said needle distal end extends distally from a junction where a transverse dimension of said needle changes and wherein said safety shield distal end is located proximally of said junction when said safety shield is in said rest position and said needle is in said locked needle extended position.

17. A safety needle instrument as recited in claim 11 wherein said needle distal end extends distally from a junction where a transverse dimension of said needle changes and wherein said safety shield distal end is located distally of said junction when said safety shield is in said rest position and said needle is in said locked needle extended position.

18. A safety needle instrument as recited in claim 11 wherein said needle distal end extends distally from a junction where a transverse dimension of said needle changes and wherein said cannula distal end is aligned with said junction when said cannula is in said rest position and said needle is in said locked needle extended position.

19. A safety needle instrument as recited in claim 11 wherein said needle distal end extends distally from a junction where a transverse dimension of said needle changes and wherein said cannula distal end is located proximally of said junction when said cannula is in said rest position and said needle is in said locked needle extended position.

20. A safety needle instrument as recited in claim 11 wherein said needle distal end extends distally from a junction where a transverse dimension of said needle changes and wherein said cannula distal end is located distally of said junction when said cannula is in said rest position and said needle is in said locked needle extended position.

21. A safety needle instrument for establishing a portal in the wall of an anatomical cavity comprising

a housing;

an elongate cannula having a proximal end mounted by said housing and a distal end for introduction in the anatomical cavity, said cannula being movable relative to said housing between an extended rest position and a proximally spaced retracted position;

cannula bias means for biasing said cannula distally toward said cannula rest position;

a needle disposed within said cannula and having a distal end for penetrating the anatomical cavity wall, said needle being movable relative to said cannula between an extended position and a retracted position proximally spaced from said extended position;

a safety shield disposed between said cannula and said needle, said safety shield being movable relative to said needle between an extended safety shield rest position protecting said needle distal end when said needle is retracted and a safety shield retracted position exposing said needle distal end when said needle is extended;

safety shield bias means for biasing said safety shield distally toward said safety shield rest position;

retracting means for moving said needle from said needle extended position to said needle retracted position;

means for manually moving said needle from said needle retracted position to said needle extended position;

locking means for locking said needle in said needle extended position while permitting a predetermined amount of proximal movement of said needle during penetration of the anatomical cavity wall;

needle bias means for biasing said needle distally in said locked needle extended position to permit said needle to move proximally during penetration of the anatomical cavity wall and distally upon introduction into the anatomical cavity; and

releasing means responsive to penetration of said safety needle instrument into the anatomical cavity for triggering release of said locking means to permit said retracting means to move said needle proximally to said needle retracted position.

22. A safety needle instrument as recited in claim 21 wherein said releasing means is responsive to distally-biased movement of said needle upon penetrating into the anatomical cavity.

23. A safety needle instrument as recited in claim 21 wherein said releasing means is responsive to distally-biased movement of said safety shield upon penetrating into the anatomical cavity.

24. A safety needle instrument as recited in claim 21 wherein said releasing means is responsive to distally-biased movement of said cannula upon penetrating into the anatomical cavity.

25. A safety needle instrument as recited in claim 21 wherein said releasing means is responsive to distally-biased movement of said needle and said safety shield upon penetrating into the anatomical cavity.

26. A safety needle instrument as recited in claim 21 wherein said releasing means is responsive to distally-biased movement of said needle and said cannula upon penetrating into the anatomical cavity.

27. A safety needle instrument as recited in claim 21 wherein said releasing means is responsive to distally-biased movement of said safety shield and cannula upon penetrating into the anatomical cavity.

28. A safety needle instrument as recited in claim 21 wherein said releasing means is responsive to distally-biased movement of said needle, safety shield and cannula upon penetrating into the anatomical cavity.

29. A safety needle instrument as recited in claim 21 wherein said needle distal end extends distally from a junction where a transverse dimension of said needle changes and wherein said safety shield distal end is aligned with said junction when said safety shield is in said rest position and said needle is in said locked needle extended position.

30. A safety needle instrument as recited in claim 21 wherein said needle distal end extends distally from a junction where a transverse dimension of said needle changes and wherein said safety shield distal end is located proximally of said junction when said safety shield is in said rest position and said needle is in said locked needle extended position.

31. A safety needle instrument as recited in claim 21 wherein said needle distal end extends distally from a junction where a transverse dimension of said needle changes and wherein said safety shield distal end is located distally of said junction when said safety shield is in said rest position and said needle is in said locked needle extended position.

32. A safety needle instrument as recited in claim 21 wherein said needle distal end extends distally from a junction where a transverse dimension of said needle changes and wherein said cannula distal end is aligned with said junction when said cannula is in said rest position and said needle is in said locked needle extended position.

33. A safety needle instrument as recited in claim 21 wherein said needle distal end extends distally from a junction where a transverse dimension of said needle changes and wherein said cannula distal end is located proximally of said junction when said cannula is in said rest position and said needle is in said locked needle extended position.

34. A safety needle instrument as recited in claim 21 wherein said needle distal end extends distally from a junction where a transverse dimension of said needle changes and wherein said cannula distal end is located distally of said junction when said cannula is in said rest position and said needle is in said locked needle extended position.