GPS receiver and method for processing GPS signals

• US 5,781,156 A
• Filed: 04/23/1997
• Issued: 07/14/1998
• Est. Priority Date: 10/09/1995
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Snaptrack Incorporated (Qualcomm, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Snaptrack Incorporated (Qualcomm, Inc.)
• Inventors: Krasner, Norman F.
• Primary Examiner(s): Tarcza, Thomas H.
• Assistant Examiner(s): PHAN, DAO LINDA
• Application Number:
  US08/844,948
• Time in Patent Office: 447 Days
• Field of Search: 342/352, 342/357, 701/213, 455/12.1, 375/208, 375/200
• US Class Current: 342/357.77
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 19/05 providing aiding data
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 19/09 providing processing capability normally carried out by the receiver
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 19/11 wherein the cooperating elements are pseudolites or satellite radio beacon positioning system signal repeaters
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 19/254 relating to Doppler shift of satellite signals
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 19/258 relating to the satellite constellation, e.g. almanac, ephemeris data, lists of satellites in view
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 19/34 Power consumption
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 19/37 Hardware or software details of the signal processing chain
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 2205/008 using a mobile telephone network
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 2221/2111 Location-sensitive, e.g. geographical location, GPS
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 1/273 Adaptation for carrying or wearing by persons or animals
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 21/28 Combinations of substantially independent non-interacting antenna units or systems multiple beam H01Q25/00
• CPC Class Codes: H03D 7/163 the local oscillations of at least two of the frequency changers being derived from a single oscillator
• CPC Class Codes: H03J 2200/11 Cellular receiver, e.g. GSM, combined with a GPS receiver
• CPC Class Codes: H03J 7/04 where the frequency control is accomplished by varying the electrical characteristics of a non-mechanically adjustable element or where the nature of the frequency controlling element is not significant
• CPC Class Codes: H03J 7/06 using counters or frequency dividers
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 1/00 Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 1/0007 wherein the AD/DA conversion occurs at radiofrequency or intermediate frequency stage
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 1/28 the receiver comprising at least one semiconductor device having three or more electrodes
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 1/3805 with built-in auxiliary receivers
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 2001/3894 Waterproofing of transmission device

Abstract

A GPS receiver in one embodiment includes an antenna which receives GPS signals at an RF frequency from in view satellites; a downconverter coupled to the antenna for reducing the RF frequency of the received GPS signals to an intermediate frequency (IF); a digitizer coupled to the downconverter and sampling the IF GPS signals at a predetermined rate to produce sampled IF GPS signals; a memory coupled to the digitizer storing the sampled IF GPS signals (a snapshot of GPS signals); and a digital signal processor (DSP) coupled to the memory and operating under stored instructions thereby performing Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) operations on the sampled IF GPS signals to provide pseudorange information. These operations typically also include preprocessing and post processing of the GPS signals. After a snapshot of data is taken, the receiver front end is powered down. The GPS receiver in one embodiment also includes other power management features and includes, in another embodiment the capability to correct for errors in its local oscillator which is used to sample the GPS signals. The calculation speed of pseudoranges, and sensitivity of operation, is enhanced by the transmission of the Doppler frequency shifts of in view satellites to the receiver from an external source, such as a basestation in one embodiment of the invention.

Claims

1. A computer readable medium containing a computer program having executable code for a GPS receiver, said computer program comprising:

first instructions for receiving GPS signals from in view satellites, said GPS signals

comprising pseudorandom (PN) codes;

second instructions for digitizing said GPS signals at a predetermined rate to produce

sampled GPS signals;

third instructions for storing said sampled GPS signals in a memory; and

fourth instructions for processing said sampled GPS signals by performing a plurality of

convolutions on said sampled GPS signals, said processing comprising performing said plurality of convolutions on a corresponding plurality of blocks of said sampled GPS signals to provide a plurality of corresponding results of each convolution and summing a plurality of mathematical representations of said plurality of corresponding results to obtain a first position information.

2. A computer readable medium, as in claim 1 wherein said first position information comprises a plurality of pseudoranges.

3. A computer readable medium as in claim 2 further comprising:

fifth instructions for causing said first position information to be transmitted from said GPS receiver.

4. A computer readable medium as in claim 3 further comprising sixth instructions for placing said GPS receiver into a lower power state.

5. A computer readable medium as in claim 3 further comprising sixth instructions for correcting for Doppler shifts of GPS signals from satellites in view.

6. A computer readable medium as in claim 5 wherein a general purpose programmable digital signal processor performs said processing.

7. A computer readable medium as in claim 2 further comprising fifth instructions for adding together portions of GPS signals to produce said sampled GPS signals.

8. A computer readable medium as in claim 2 further comprising fifth instructions for causing an automatic locking to a precision carrier frequency signal and a calibrating of a GPS local oscillator, said precision carrier frequency signal being received at said GPS receiver.

9. A computer readable medium as in claim 2 wherein said predetermined rate is a multiple of 1.024 MHz.

10. A computer readable medium as in claim 2 wherein said each convolution comprises a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) and said each corresponding result is produced by computing the product of a forward transform of a corresponding block of said sampled GPS signals and a representation of a forward transform of a pseudorandom code to produce a first result and then performing an inverse transformation to produce said each corresponding result.

11. A computer readable medium as in claim 10 wherein the effects of Doppler induced time shifts are compensated for on each said corresponding block by inserting between the forward transform and the inverse transformation, the multiplication of the forward transform by a complex exponential whose phase versus sample number is adjusted to correspond to a shift compensation for said corresponding block.

12. A computer readable medium containing an executable computer program for use in a digital processing system, said executable computer program when executed in said digital processing system causing said digital processing system to perform the steps of:

performing a plurality of convolutions on a corresponding plurality of blocks of sampled GPS signals to provide a plurality of corresponding results of each convolution;

summing a plurality of mathematical representations of said plurality of corresponding results to obtain a first position information.

13. A computer readable medium as in claim 12 wherein said steps are performed in a basestation which receives said sampled GPS signals from a mobile GPS receiver.

14. A computer readable medium as in claim 13 wherein said sampled GPS signals are used in said basestation to compute said first position information which comprises a plurality of pseudoranges relative to said mobile GPS receiver.

15. A computer readable medium as in claim 14 wherein said steps further comprise:

determining a Doppler information for said mobile GPS receiver.

16. A computer readable medium as in claim 14 wherein said mobile GPS receiver receives GPS signals and transmits a representation of said GPS signals to said basestation.

17. A computer readable medium as in claim 12 wherein said steps are performed in a mobile GPS receiver which receives GPS signals from in view satellites and wherein said first position information comprises a plurality of pseudoranges relative to said mobile GPS receiver.

18. A computer readable medium as in claim 17 wherein said mobile GPS receiver transmits said plurality of pseudoranges to a basestation which receives data representative of satellite ephemeris information.

19. A computer readable medium as in claim 13 wherein said basestation receives data representative of satellite ephemeris information and wherein said basestation determines a latitude and longitude for said mobile GPS receiver from said first position information and from said data representative of satellite ephemeris information.

20. A computer readable medium as in claim 18 wherein said mobile GPS receiver receives Doppler information for correcting Doppler shifts of GPS signals from satellites in view.

21. A computer readable medium as in claim 20 wherein said mobile GPS receiver enters a low power state during some time when said mobile GPS receiver is not receiving GPS signals.

22. A computer readable medium as in claim 20 wherein said mobile GPS receiver automatically locks to a precision carrier frequency signal in order to calibrate a GPS local oscillator.