Method and apparatus for dynamically adjusting the power consumption of a circuit block within an integrated circuit

• US 5,781,783 A
• Filed: 06/28/1996
• Issued: 07/14/1998
• Est. Priority Date: 06/28/1996
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Intel Corporation
• Original Assignee: Intel Corporation
• Inventors: Gunther, Stephen H., Domen, Stanley J., Idate, Dileep R.
• Primary Examiner(s): Ray, Gopal C.
• Application Number:
  US08/672,544
• Time in Patent Office: 746 Days
• Field of Search: 395/750, 395/750.03, 395/750.05, 395/750.01, 395/750.04, 364/707, 364/492, 364/483, 365/226, 365/227, 307/31
• US Class Current: 713/320
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 1/3228 Monitoring task completion, e.g. by use of idle timers, stop commands or wait commands
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 1/3287 by switching off individual functional units in the computer system
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 9/30145 Instruction analysis, e.g. decoding, instruction word fields
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 9/3836 Instruction issuing, e.g. dynamic instruction scheduling or out of order instruction execution
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 9/3869 Implementation aspects, e.g. pipeline latches; pipeline synchronisation and clocking
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 9/3885 using a plurality of independent parallel functional units
• CPC Class Codes: Y02D 10/00 Energy efficient computing, e.g. low power processors, power management or thermal management
• CPC Class Codes: Y02D 30/50 in wire-line communication networks, e.g. low power modes or reduced link rate

Abstract

A method of dynamically adjusting the power consumption of a circuit block within an integrated circuit includes the step of incrementing a count total maintained by a counter on the occurrence of a first type of trigger event. The occurrence of a predetermined event is detected when the count total maintained by the counter equals, or transcends, a predetermined threshold value. The predetermined event provides a speculative indication of a future state of activity of the circuit block by reason of a predicted proximity of the predetermined event to the future state of activity of the circuit block. The power consumption of the circuit block is adjusted in response to the occurrence of the predetermined event.

Claims

1. A method of dynamically adjusting the power consumption of a circuit block within an integrated circuit, the method comprising the steps of:

(a) incrementing a count total maintained by a counter on the occurrence of a first type of trigger event, and detecting the occurrence of a predetermined event when the count total maintained by the counter equals, or transcends, a predetermined threshold value, the predetermined event providing a speculative indication of a future state of activity of the circuit block by reason of a predicted proximity of the predetermined event to the future state of activity of the circuit block; and

(b) adjusting the power consumption of the circuit block in response to the occurrence of the predetermined event.

2. The method of claim 1 wherein the first type of trigger event is a clock cycle for which the circuit block is inactive.

3. The method of claim 1 wherein the circuit block is a level two cache memory and the first type of trigger event is a level one cache memory hit.

4. The method of claim 1 wherein the circuit block is a page walk handler and the first type of trigger event is a translation lookaside buffer hit.

5. The method of claim 1 wherein the circuit block is a bus interface unit coupled to a bus, and the first type of trigger event is a bus access.

6. The method of claim 1 wherein step (a) includes the step of resetting the count total maintained by the counter to a base value on the occurrence of a second type of trigger event.

7. The method of claim 6 wherein the second type of trigger event is a clock cycle for which the circuit block is active.

8. The method of claim 1 including the step of

decrementing the count total maintained by the counter on the occurrence of a second type of trigger event.

9. The method of claim 1 wherein the circuit block is clocked by an associated independent clock, and step (b) comprises the step of stopping the independent clock associated with the circuit block.

10. The method of claim 1 wherein the circuit block is clocked by a clock signal, and step (b) comprises the step of gating the clock signal.

11. The method of claim 1 wherein the predetermined event provides a speculative indication of future inactivity of the circuit block, and the power consumption of the circuit block is reduced in response to the occurrence of the predetermined event.

12. The method of claim 1 wherein the predetermined event provides a speculative indication of future activity of the circuit block, and the power consumption of the circuit block is increased in response to the occurrence of the predetermined event.

13. Apparatus for dynamically adjusting the power consumption of a circuit block within an integrated circuit, the apparatus comprising:

a counter to maintain a count of a first type of trigger event;

detection circuitry to detect the occurrence of a predetermined event by detecting when the count of the first type of trigger events maintained by the counter equals, or transcends, a predetermined threshold value, the predetermined event providing a speculative indication of a future state of activity of the circuit block by reason of a predicted proximity of the predetermined event to the future state of activity of the circuit block; and

adjustment circuitry, coupled to the detection circuitry, to adjust the power consumption of the circuit block in response to the occurrence of the predetermined event.

14. The apparatus of claim 13 wherein the counter is to maintain a count of cycles for which the circuit block is inactive.

15. The apparatus of claim 13 wherein the circuit block is a level two cache memory, and wherein the counter is to maintain a count of level one cache memory hits.

16. The apparatus of claim 13 wherein the circuit block is a page walk handler, and wherein the counter is to maintain a count of translation lookaside buffer hits.

17. The apparatus of claim 13 wherein the circuit block is a bus interface unit coupled to a bus, and wherein the counter is to maintain a count of bus accesses.

18. The apparatus of claim 13 wherein:

the counter comprises an up/down counter to maintain a count value indicating the difference between a first type of trigger event, and a second type of trigger event; and

the detection circuitry is coupled to detect the occurrence of the predetermined event by detecting when the count value indicating the difference between the first type of trigger event and the second type of trigger event is equal to, or transcends, a predetermined threshold value.

19. The apparatus of claim 18 wherein the first type of trigger event is a clock cycle for which the circuit block is inactive, and the second type of trigger event is a clock cycle for which the circuit block is active.

20. The apparatus of claim 13 wherein the circuit block is clocked by an associated independent clock, and the adjustment circuitry comprises circuitry to stop the associated independent clock.

21. The apparatus of claim 13 wherein the circuit block is clocked by a clock signal, and the adjustment circuitry comprises circuitry to gate the clock signal.

22. A processor for a computer system, the processor comprising:

a circuit block;

a counter to maintain a count of trigger events;

a detection circuit to detect the occurrence of a predetermined event by detecting when the count of trigger events maintained by the counter is equal to, or transcends, a predetermined threshold value, the predetermined event providing a speculative indication of a future state of activity of the circuit block by reason of a predicted proximity of the predetermined event to the future state of activity of the circuit block; and

an adjustment circuit, coupled to the detection circuitry to adjust the power consumption of the circuit block in response to the occurrence of the predetermined event.

23. The processor of claim 22 wherein the counter is to maintain a count of cycles for which the circuit block is inactive.

24. The processor of claim 22 wherein:

the counter comprises an up/down counter to maintain a count indicating the difference between a first type of trigger event, and a second type of trigger event; and

the detection circuit is coupled to detect the occurrence of the predetermined event by detecting when the count value indicating the difference between the first type of trigger event and the second type of trigger event equals, or transcends, a predetermined threshold value.

25. The processor of claim 24 wherein the first type of trigger event is a clock cycle for which the circuit block is inactive, and the second type of trigger event is a clock cycle for which the circuit block is active.

26. The processor of claim 22 including an independent clock associated with the circuit block and adapted to generate a clock signal, and wherein the circuit block is clocked by the associated independent clock, and the adjustment circuit comprises circuitry to stop the associated independent clock.

27. The processor of claim 22 wherein the adjustment circuit comprises a circuit configured to gate a clock signal to the circuit block in response to the occurrence of the predetermined event.

28. A method of dynamically reducing the power consumption of a circuit block within an integrated circuit, the circuit block being clocked by a clock signal, the method comprising the steps of:

incrementing a count total value if the circuit block is inactive during a monitored clock cycle;

detecting a threshold event, the threshold event occurring when the count total value is equal to, or transcends, a predetermined threshold value, the threshold event providing a speculative indication of future inactivity of the circuit block by reason of a predicted proximity of the threshold event to a future event which does not require activity by the circuit block; and

reducing the power consumption of the circuit block in response to the occurrence of the threshold event.

29. A mechanism for dynamically reducing the power consumption of a circuit block within an integrated circuit, the circuit block being clocked by a clock signal, the mechanism comprising:

an activity monitoring circuit configured to monitor the circuit block over a monitored clock cycle to determine whether the circuit block is active or inactive during the monitored clock cycle, and to generate an increment signal on the determination that the circuit block was inactive during the monitored clock cycle;

a counter, coupled to receive the increment signal from the monitoring circuit, and configured to increment a count total value maintained by the counter on reception of the increment signal;

a register storing a threshold value; and

a comparator, coupled to receive the count total value from the counter and the threshold value from the register, and being adapted to compare the count total value to the threshold value, and to output a clock disable signal, for disabling the clock signal, when the count total value is determined to be equal to, or to transcend, the threshold value.