Speed detection method

• US 5,784,023 A
• Filed: 06/26/1995
• Issued: 07/21/1998
• Est. Priority Date: 06/26/1995
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: John Bluege
• Original Assignee: John Bluege
• Inventors: Bluege, John
• Primary Examiner(s): Sotomayor, John B.
• Application Number:
  US08/494,755
• Time in Patent Office: 1,121 Days
• Field of Search: 342/104, 342/70, 342/71, 342/72, 342/44, 342/54, 342/42
• US Class Current: 342/104
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 17/42 Simultaneous measurement of distance and other co-ordinates indirect measurement G01S17/46
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 17/58 Velocity or trajectory determination systems; Sense-of-movement determination systems
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 17/89 for mapping or imaging
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 7/481 Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 7/4815 using multiple transmitters
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 7/4817 relating to scanning

Abstract

An improved remote speed sensing technique is described which improves performance reliability by increasing the relative signal to noise ratio of a speed detector compared to that of a vehicle radar detector, by localizing at least one axis of the illuminating radiation to an angular region which is comparable to or within the subtence of the target vehicle, while minimizing illumination of a radar detector on the target vehicle.

Claims

1. A spatio-temporal characteristic determination method of improved reliability comprising:

the radiation of energy,

the configuration of a portion of said radiation as at least one energy beam which is directed into an at least one dimensional array comprising at least two subapertures within an interrogation region, said interrogation region comprising the full extent in angular range, sometimes called a full field of view, within which said determination method operates,

the placement of a substantial fraction of said radiation from at least one subaperture beam within the target aperture, which substantially intercepts a portion of a remote target in at least one axis throughout the majority of its operating range, wherein said axis is nominally perpendicular to the propagation direction of said beam,

the maintainance of a portion of said radiation within the angular subtense of said target in a manner sufficient for spatio-temporal characteristic determination, and

the collection and analysis of the radiation returned from said target.

2. The determination method of claim 1, wherein spatio-temporal characteristic includes at least one from group comprising a vector, a vector sum, the magnitude of a vector, and the magnitude of a vector of at least one from the group comprising location nominally within a plane region perpendicular to radiaton propagation axis, location nominally in a direction parallel to the radiaton propagation axis, order derivative of location with respect to time nominally within a plane region perpendicular to the propagation axis, and any order derivative of location with respect to time nominally in a parallel to the radiaton propagation axis.

3. The determination method of claim 1, wherein sequential interrogation, of at least a portion said target array, combined with change in effective relative angular displacement between at least one and at least one interrogated region, said interrogation and displacement eventually enables stantially subaperature illumination of said target at least in one axis, where interrogation is the of at least one subaperture to derive spatio-temporal characterization of a within the region interrogated.

4. The determination method of claim 1, wherein array interrogation is enabled, at least in part, angular motion between at least one array subset and at least one target such that at some in time as the angular distance between said target and at least one subset decreases toward zero, said decrease in angular distance enables illumination of said target, where interrogation is the of at least one subaperture to derive spatio-temporal characterization of a within the region interrogated.

5. The determination method of claim 2, wherein at least one array subset is sized to be intra-aperture, which means that said subset is no larger than a size comparable in angular angular extent in least one axis to said target, in said axis.

6. The determination method of claim 5, wherein at least one array subset, but not all array is substantially illuminated at any time, wherein an array subset consists of at least one array .

7. The determination method of claim 5, wherein said beam illuminates only a limited subset array subapertures.

8. The determination method of claim 7, wherein said radiation can sequentially interrogate least two array subsets, where interrogate means to illuminate at least one subset.

9. The determination method of claim 8, wherein said illumination incorporates radiation exhibiting spatio-temporal tagging to discriminate amongst subaperture illuminators thus enabling determination of relative intra-field of view position from that portion of the radiation which is redirected from said target.

10. The determination method of claim 9, wherein said tagging incorporates at one from the groupcomprising tracking the relative time phase of at least one array subset relative a reference time, the amplitude modulation of at least one illuminated array subset, the wavelength of at least one illuminated array subset, and the polarization modulation of at one illuminated subset.

11. The determination method of claim 9, wherein relative motion between the array centroid at least one target is minimized.

12. The determination method of claim 9, wherein said target is and recorded imaged.

13. The determination method of claim 8, wherein said radiation incorporates at least one of the properties from the group comprising the selection of at least one illumination wavelength poorly detected by a target, selection of at least one illumination polarization with low detectability by a target, and angular translation toward a target from a direction least likely to be detected by a target.

14. The determination method of claim 5, wherein relative motion between the array centroid at least one target is minimized.

15. The determination method of claim 5, wherein any from the group comprising at least one subaperture, and at least one array subset, subtends an angular region in space, wherein said region in space is also a target subaperture which is substantially smaller than the target in extent along at least one axis.

16. The determination method of claim 15, wherein said beam illuminates only a limited subset target subapertures.

17. The determination method of claim 16, wherein said radiation sequentially interrogates least two array subsets.

18. The determination method of claim 15, wherein said illumination incorporates radiation spatio-temporal features which are devised to enable discrimination amongst subaperture thus enabling determination of relative position from that portion of the radiation which is directed from said target.

19. The determination method of claim 18, wherein said radiation is chosen with at least one of properties from the group comprising the selection of at least one illumination wavelength chosen for detectability by a target, selection of at least one illumination polarization chosen for low detectability a target, and the ability to be angularly translated through multiple subapertures toward a target from a least likely to be detected by a target.

20. The determination method of claim 18, wherein relative motion between the array and at least one target is minimized.

21. The determination method of claim 15, wherein relative motion between the array centroid at least one target is minimized.

22. The determination method of claim 15, wherein said beam preferentially illuminates at least target subset exhibiting substantially higher radiation redirection enhancement than than that of the on average, wherein a target subset comprises at least one target subaperture.

23. The determination method of claim 22, wherein said target subaperture exhibiting higher radiation redirection enhancement is a feature is at least one from the group a reflection redirection feature such as a retro-reflective license plate, radiation emitting such as headlights and tail-lights, reflectors such as mirrors, and energy scattering regions.

24. A covert method of determining at least one spatio-temporal characteristic of a target object comprising,

the generation of at least one beam of radiative by at least one energy spatio-temporal characteristic detector,

the manipulation of the angular subtense of said beam in at least one axis perpendicular to the outgoing beam path of said beam, wherein said beam subtense is less in magnitude than three times the subtence of said target object along said axis,

the propagation of said beam into a portion of a region of space defined in angular extent by a full field of view, wherein said full field of view is nominally perpendicular to said beam axis,

the manipulation of the relative locations of said beam subtence and said target object subtence to substantially overlap within said full field of view,

the collection of a portion of said beam which overlaps said target object,

and the manipulation of the collected beam energy to determine at least one spatio-temporal characteristic of said target object.

25. The method of determining at least one spatio-temporal characteristic of claim 24 wherein, along at least one full field of view axis, the subtense of said beam is less than five times the angular subtense of an enhancement feature attached to said target object.

26. The method of determining at least one spatio-temporal characteristic of claim 24 wherein said illumination incorporates at least two subapertures of said full field of view wherein the radiation illuminating at least one subaperture differs from at least one other subaperture within said full field of view due to the incorporation of at least one tagging feature by which said subaperture locations within said full field of view are determined.

27. The method of determining at least one spatio-temporal characteristic of claim 26 wherein at least one subarray overlaps a target object, wherein said subarray comprises at least one subaperture of said full field of view, and said subarray is preferentially illuminated a greater fraction of time when compared to least one subaperture outside of said subarray and not within another subarray, and wherein when more than one subarray is preferentially illuminated, the relative time of said illumination of at least one subarray compared to at least one other subarray is at least one from the group comprising simultaneous, multiplexed, and sequential.

28. The method of determining at least one spatio-temporal characteristic of claim 27 of determining at least one from the group comprising spatial location, and any time derivative of the spatial location of a target object including speed and acceleration, wherein said spatio-temporal characteristic is determined both along directions parallel and perpendicular to the axis of the beam path.

29. The method of determining at least one spatio-temporal characteristic of claim 28 wherein radiation returning from said target object is manipulated to form an image sufficient to identify said object.

30. The method of determining at least one spatio-temporal characteristic of claim 25 wherein at least 30 percent of said collected beam energy returned from the target is from said enhancement feature.

31. The method of determining at least one spatio-temporal characteristic of claim 30 wherein the position of at least one subarray is nominally overlaps a target object, and wherein said subarray position is adjusted to stay at least partially overlapped when the target object position in the full field of view changes.