System and method for information retrieval by using keywords associated with a given set of data elements and the frequency of each keyword as determined by the number of data elements attached to each keyword

• US 5,787,421 A
• Filed: 01/11/1996
• Issued: 07/28/1998
• Est. Priority Date: 01/12/1995
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Original Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Inventors: Nomiyama, Hiroshi
• Primary Examiner(s): Black, Thomas G.
• Assistant Examiner(s): HOMERE, JEAN RAYMOND
• Application Number:
  US08/584,826
• Time in Patent Office: 929 Days
• Field of Search: 395/605, 395/607, 395/616, 395/757, 395/778, 395/791, 707/7, 707/516, 707/729, 704/7
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 16/313 Selection or weighting of terms for indexing
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 707/99935 Query augmenting and refining, e.g. inexact access
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 707/99937 Sorting

Abstract

The system and method of this invention provides an approach for automatically indicating what property a current set of documents possesses, and an approach for retrieving a set of similar documents by specifying a document rather than a keyword. First, in a set of keywords attached to the set of documents narrowed in response to user retrieval processing, a system according to the present invention counts the number of documents to which each of the keywords is attached to and displays the keywords in order of decreasing frequency. Next, a user specifies the document(s) of interest among the set of documents. In response to this, out of the keywords attached to the documents specified by the user, a keyword is able to retrieve any documents other than the one(s) specified. From the set of keywords attached to the current set of document narrowed, this is determined by omitting the keywords meeting the following conditions: (1) the keyword is not attached to any documents other than the specified one; and (2) the keyword is attached to all the documents in the current set of documents. An automatic retrieval with this keyword will enable narrowing by document rather by the keyword.

Claims

1. An information retrieval method for navigating users by computer processing in a database containing keyword-attachable information and comprising a plurality of individually identifiable data elements, said method comprising the steps of:

(a) in a given set of said data elements, for each given keyword attached to said set of said data elements, counting a corresponding number of said data elements to which the keyword is attached as a frequency for the keyword; and

(b) sorting said keywords in a decreasing order of said frequency and displaying a list of said sorted keywords and the corresponding number of data elements for each sorted keyword.

2. The information retrieval method as set forth in claim 1, wherein said given set of said data elements are obtained by a user'"'"'s keyword retrieval processing.

3. An information retrieval method for navigating users by computer processing in a database containing keyword-attachable information and comprising a plurality of individually identifiable data elements, said method comprising the steps of:

(a) in a given set of said data elements, extracting the keyword-attachable information from said data elements;

(b) with respect to the keywords extracted from said data elements, in said given set of said data elements, for each given keyword attached to said set of said data elements, counting a corresponding number of said data elements to which the keyword is attached as a frequency for the keyword; and

(c) sorting said keywords in a decreasing order of said frequency and displaying a list of said sorted keywords and the corresponding number of data elements for each sorted keyword.

4. The information retrieval method as set forth in claim 3, wherein said given set of said data elements are obtained by a user'"'"'s keyword retrieval processing.

5. An information retrieval method for navigating users by computer processing in a database containing keyword-attachable information and comprising a plurality of individually identifiable data elements, said method comprising the steps of:

(a) in a given set of said data elements, for each given keyword attached to said set of said data elements, counting a corresponding number of said data elements to which the keyword is attached as a frequency for the keyword; and

(b) searching for a second set of said data elements by using the keyword having the highest count value among said keywords.

6. The information retrieval method as set forth in claim 5, wherein said given set of said data elements are obtained by a user'"'"'s keyword retrieval processing.

7. An information retrieval method for navigating users by computer processing in a database containing keyword-attachable information and comprising a plurality of individually identifiable data elements, said method comprising the steps of:

(a) in a given set of said data elements, extracting keywords from said data elements;

(b) with respect to the keywords extracted form said data elements, in said given set of said data elements, for each given keyword attached to said set of said data elements, counting a corresponding number of said data elements to which the keyword is attached as a frequency for the keyword; and

(c) searching for a second set of said data elements by the keyword having the highest count value among said keywords.

8. The information retrieval method as set forth in claim 7, wherein said given set of said data elements are obtained by a user'"'"'s keyword retrieval processing.

9. An information retrieval method for navigating users by computer processing in a database containing keyword-attachable information and comprising a plurality of individually identifiable data elements, said method comprising the steps of:

(a) displaying a list identifying a given set of said data elements;

(b) in said given set of said data elements, for each given keyword attached to said set of said data elements, counting a corresponding number of said data elements to which the keyword is attached as a frequency for the keyword; and

(c) in response to a user selection of at least one data element out of said given set of data elements, selecting a keyword having a highest frequency among those which do NOT meet any of the following conditions;

(1) the keyword is not attached to any data element other than the selected one; and

(2) the keyword is attached to all the data elements documents in said given set of data elements; and

(d) searching for a second set of said data elements by using the keyword obtained at said Step (c).

10. The information retrieval method as set forth in claim 9, wherein said given set of said data elements are obtained by a user'"'"'s keyword retrieval processing.

11. An information retrieval method for navigating users by computer processing in a database containing keyword-attachable information and comprising a plurality of individually identifiable data elements, said method comprising the steps of:

(a) displaying a list identifying a given set of said data elements;

(b) in said given set of said data elements, extracting keywords from each of said data elements;

(c) in said given set of said data elements, for each given keyword attached to said set of said data elements, counting a corresponding number of said data elements to which the keyword is attached as a frequency for the keyword;

(d) in response to a user selection of at least one data element out of said given set of data elements, selecting a keyword having the highest frequency among those which do not meet any of the following conditions;

(1) the keyword is not attached to any data element other than the selected one; and

(2) the keyword is attached to all of the data elements in the given set of data elements; and

(e) searching for a second set of said data elements by using the keyword obtained at said Step (c).

12. The information retrieval method as set forth in claim 11, wherein said given set of said data elements are obtained by a user'"'"'s keyword retrieval processing.

13. An information retrieval method for navigating users by computer processing in a database containing keyword-attachable information and comprising a plurality of individually identifiable data elements, said method comprising the steps of:

(a) displaying a list identifying a given set of said data elements;

(b) in said given set of said data elements, for each given keyword attached to said set of said data elements, counting a corresponding number of said data elements to which the keyword is attached as a frequency for the keyword; and

(c) in response to a user selection of at least one data element out of said given data elements, listing keywords along with said frequency which do NOT meet any of the following conditions;

(1) the keyword is not attached to any documents other than the selected one; and

(2) the keyword is attached to all the documents in the given set of documents.

14. The information retrieval method as set forth in claim 13, wherein said given set of said data elements are obtained by a user'"'"'s keyword retrieval processing.

15. An information retrieval system for navigating users by computer processing in a database containing keyword-attachable information and comprising a plurality of individually identifiable data elements, said system comprising:

(a) for a given set of said data elements, for each given keyword attached to said set of said data elements, means for counting a corresponding number of said data elements to which the keyword is attached as a frequency for the keyword; and

(b) means for sorting said keywords in a decreasing order of said frequency and displaying a list of said sorted keywords and the corresponding number of data elements for each sorted keyword.

16. The information retrieval system as set forth in claim 15 further comprising means for obtaining said given set of said data elements by keyword retrieval processing.

17. An information retrieval system for navigating users by computer processing in a database containing keyword-attachable information and comprising a plurality of individually identifiable data elements, said system comprising:

(a) means for displaying a list identifying a given set of said data elements;

(b) for each given keyword attached to said set of said data elements, means for counting a corresponding number of said data elements to which the keyword is attached as a frequency for the keyword;

(c) means, responsive to a user selection of at least one data element out of said given data elements, for selecting a keyword having a highest frequency among those which do NOT meet any of the following conditions;

(1) the keyword is not attached to any documents other than the selected one; and

(2) the keyword is attached to all the documents in the given set of documents; and

(d) means for searching for a second set of said data elements by using the keyword obtained at said Step (c).

18. The information retrieval system as set forth in claim 17 further comprising means for obtaining said given set of said data elements by keyword retrieval processing.

19. An information retrieval system comprising:

means for retrieving, in response to a retrieval request, a first set of data elements having a set of associated keywords for each data element;

for each given keyword attached to the first set of data elements, means for counting a corresponding number of the data elements to which the keyword is attached as a frequency for the keyword;

means for displaying a list of the keywords, and the frequency for each keyword, associated with the first set of data elements; and

means for retrieving a second set of data elements based upon a selection of at least one selected keyword from the list.

20. An information retrieval system comprising:

means for retrieving, in response to a retrieval request, a first set of data elements having a set of associated keywords for each data element;

for each given keyword attached to the first set of data elements, means for counting a corresponding number of the data elements to which the keyword is attached as a frequency for the keyword;

means for displaying a list of the keywords, and the frequency for each keyword, associated with the first set of data elements; and

means for retrieving a second set of data elements based upon a high frequency keyword having a highest frequency among the keywords in the list.

21. An information retrieval system comprising:

means for retrieving, in response to a retrieval request, a first set of data elements having a set of associated keywords for each data element;

means for receiving, from a user, a selection of at least one data element from the first set; and

for each given keyword attached to the selected at least one data element, means for counting a corresponding number of the data elements to which the keyword is attached as a frequency for the keyword;

means for retrieving a second set of data elements based upon the set of keywords associated with the selected at least one data element.

22. The system of claim 21 wherein the means for retrieving the second set of data elements uses the keyword with a highest keyword frequency.

23. The system of claim 21 wherein the user selects at least one retrieval keyword from the set of keywords associated with the selected at least one data element in retrieving the second set of data elements.

24. The information retrieval system of claim 21 wherein the keyword frequency is determined by omitting any keywords associated with the selected at least one data element if (a) the keyword is not attached to any data element other than the one selected;

or (b) the keyword is associated to all of the data elements in the first set of data elements.

25. An information retrieval method comprising:

retrieving, in response to a retrieval request, a first set of data elements having a set of associated keywords for each data element;

for each given keyword attached to the first set of data elements, counting a corresponding number of the data elements to which the keyword is attached as a frequency for the keyword;

displaying a list of the keywords, and the frequency for each keyword, associated with the first set of data elements; and

retrieving a second set of data elements based upon a selection of at least one selected keyword from the list.

26. An information retrieval method comprising:

retrieving, in response to a retrieval request, a first set of data elements having a set of associated keywords for each data element;

receiving, from a user, a selection of at least one data element from the first set;

for each given keyword attached to the selected at least one data element, counting a corresponding number of the data elements to which the keyword is attached as a frequency for the keyword;

retrieving a second set of data elements based upon the set of keywords associated with the selected at least one data element.

27. An information retrieval method comprising:

retrieving, in response to a retrieval request, a first set of data elements having a set of keywords associated with each data element;

for each given keyword attached to said first set of data elements, counting a corresponding number of said data elements to which the keyword is attached as a frequency for the keyword;

displaying the set of keywords associated with the first set of data elements and the corresponding number of data elements for each keyword;

receiving a selection of a subset of the set of keywords; and

retrieving, in response to the subset of the set of keywords selected, a second set of data elements.

28. The method of claim 27 wherein the set of keywords are displayed in order of the frequency of each keyword.

29. The method of claim 27 wherein the selection of the subset of the set of keywords received is specified as at least one data element.

30. The method of claim 27 wherein the selection of the subset of the set of keywords received is specified as at least one keyword.

31. An information retrieval method comprising:

retrieving, in response to a retrieval request, a set of data elements having a set of properties associated with each data element;

displaying the properties in an order dependent upon a number of data elements with which each property is associated;

receiving at least one selected data element of interest selected by a user; and

retrieving a second set of data elements in response to the properties associated with the at least one selected data element of interest.

32. An information retrieval method comprising:

retrieving, in response to a retrieval request, a set of data elements having a set of keywords associated with each data element;

displaying the keywords in an order dependent upon a number of data elements with which each keyword is associated;

receiving at least one selected data element of interest selected by a user; and

retrieving a second set of data elements in response to the keywords associated with the at least one selected data element of interest.

33. The method of claim 32 wherein the second set of data elements is retrieved by omitting keywords meeting the following conditions:

(1) the keyword is not associated with any data element other than the at least one selected data element; and

(2) the keyword is associated with all of the data elements in the set of data elements.

34. An information retrieval system comprising:

means for retrieving, in response to a retrieval request, a set of data elements having a set of properties associated with each data element;

means for displaying the properties in an order dependent upon a number of data elements with which each property is associated;

means for receiving at least one selected data element of interest selected by a user; and

means for retrieving a second set of data elements in response to the properties associated with the at least one selected data element of interest.

35. An information retrieval system comprising:

means for retrieving, in response to a retrieval request, a set of documents having a set of keywords associated with each data element;

means for displaying the keywords in an order dependent upon a number of documents with which each keyword is associated;

means for receiving a selection of at least one selected document of interest selected by a user; and

means for displaying a second set of keywords, associated with the at least one selected document, capable of retrieving a second set of documents other than the at least one selected document.

36. The system of claim 35 further comprising:

means for retrieving the second set of documents in response to a selection of keywords from the displayed second set of keywords.

37. The system of claim 36 further comprising:

means for displaying a third set of keywords associated with the second set of documents;

means for receiving a second selection of at least one selected document from the second set of documents; and

means for displaying a third set of keywords, associated with the second selection, capable of retrieving a third set of documents other than the second selection of at least one document.