Method for using a regenerable catalyzed trap

• US 5,792,436 A
• Filed: 05/13/1996
• Issued: 08/11/1998
• Est. Priority Date: 05/13/1996
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Engelhard Corporation (BASF SE)
• Original Assignee: Engelhard Corporation (BASF SE)
• Inventors: Deeba, Michel, Lampert, Jordan K., Farrauto, Robert J., Feeley, Jennifer S.
• Primary Examiner(s): Straub, Gary P.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Vanoy, Timothy C.
• Application Number:
  US08/645,301
• Time in Patent Office: 820 Days
• Field of Search: 423/213.2, 423/213.5, 423/213.7, 423/239.1, 423/244.01, 423/244.02, 423/541.1, 423/210
• US Class Current: 423/210
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2257/00 Components to be removed
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2257/302 Sulfur oxides
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 53/8609 Sulfur oxides
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 53/8671 Removing components of defined structure not provided for in B01D53/8603 - B01D53/8668
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 53/9431 Processes characterised by a specific device
• CPC Class Codes: F01N 2250/12 absorption or adsorption, and catalytic conversion
• CPC Class Codes: F01N 2330/06 Ceramic, e.g. monoliths
• CPC Class Codes: F01N 2570/14 Nitrogen oxides
• CPC Class Codes: F01N 2610/03 the substance being hydrocarbons, e.g. engine fuel
• CPC Class Codes: F01N 3/0814 combined with catalytic converters, e.g. NOx absorption/storage reduction catalysts
• CPC Class Codes: F01N 3/085 Sulfur or sulfur oxides
• CPC Class Codes: F01N 3/0871 Regulation of absorbents or adsorbents, e.g. purging by electrically controlling the supply of combustible mixture or its constituents only F02D41/0235

Abstract

A method of at least periodically removing from a lean gaseous stream a sorbable component such as SO_x includes passing the gaseous stream through a trap member having an oxidation catalyst combined with a sorbent material at a temperature within the sorbing temperature range of the sorbent material. The sorbed component is periodically removed by introducing a combustible component into the gaseous stream and oxidizing it on the trap member to thermally desorb the sorbed component. The amount of combustible component introduced is limited to maintain the gaseous stream composition lean, but is sufficient to increase the surface temperature of at least part of the trap member to above the bulk temperature of the gaseous stream. Sorbing and desorbing periods are alternated and a composition and an apparatus to carry out the process is provided.

Claims

1. A method for removing pollutants comprising nitrogen oxides and sorbable components comprising sulfur oxides and phosphorus oxides from a lean gaseous stream containing the same, the method comprising:

(a) in a trapping period, passing the gaseous stream within a sorbing temperature range through a catalyzed trap member comprising a combination of a regenerable sorbent material and an oxidation catalyst, and sorbing at least some of said sorbable components into the sorbent material to thereby provide a sorbable component-depleted gaseous stream exiting the catalyzed trap member;

(b) in a desorbing period, introducing a combustible component into the gaseous stream upstream of the catalyzed trap member and combusting the combustible component in the presence of the oxidation catalyst, the combustible component being introduced in an amount which is limited in order to maintain the bulk composition of the gaseous stream lean but which is enough to heat at least a portion of the sorbent material to within a desorbing temperature range to thereby thermally desorb the sorbable component from the sorbent material and provide a sorbable component-enriched gaseous stream exiting the catalyzed trap member; and

(c) passing the sorbable component-depleted stream to a catalytic treatment zone for the abatement of said pollutants and by-passing the sorbable component-enriched stream around said catalytic treatment zone.

2. The method of claim 1 including controlling combustion during the desorbing period to maintain at least portions of the surface of the catalyzed trap member at a temperature above the bulk temperature of the sorbable component-enriched gaseous stream.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein the sorbable component comprises SOx.

4. The method of claim 1 wherein the catalytic treatment zone of step (c) comprises a NOx abatement catalyst having an effective operating temperature range below the desorbing temperature range of the SOx, and passing the SOx-depleted stream to the catalytic NOx abatement zone.

5. The method of claim 1 or claim 2 wherein the sorbable component is selected from the group consisting of one or both of SO_x and PO_x.

6. The method of claim 1 or claim 2 wherein the sorbent material comprises at least one basic oxygenated compound and the oxidation catalyst comprises a catalyst selected from the group consisting of at least one platinum group metal catalytic component.

7. The method of claim 6 wherein the oxidation catalyst comprises a platinum catalytic component.

8. The method of claim 7 wherein the sorbent material is selected from the group consisting of one or more of metal oxides, metal carbonates, metal hydroxides and mixed metal oxides.

9. The method of claim 8 wherein the metals of the metal oxides, metal hydroxides and metal carbonates and at least one of the metals of the mixed metal oxides are selected from the group consisting of one or more of magnesium, calcium, strontium, barium and lanthanum.

10. The method of claim 8 wherein the sorbent material is selected from the group consisting of one or more oxides of cerium, praseodymium and elements of atomic numbers 22 through 29 inclusive.

11. The method of claim 8 wherein the sorbent material is selected from the group consisting of at least one compound selected from each of group A and group B wherein:

group A consists of one or more of metal oxides, metal carbonates, metal hydroxides and mixed metal oxides, the metals of which (at least one metal of the mixed metal oxides) are selected from the group consisting of magnesium, calcium, strontium, barium and lanthanum; and

group B consists of one or more oxides of cerium, praseodymium and elements of atomic numbers from 22 to 29 inclusive.

12. The method of claim 1 wherein the catalyzed trap member comprises a segregated combination of the oxidation catalyst and the sorbent.