Electrodes and metallo isoindole ringed compounds

• US 5,795,453 A
• Filed: 01/23/1996
• Issued: 08/18/1998
• Est. Priority Date: 01/23/1996
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Markas A.T. Gilmartin
• Original Assignee: Markas A.T. Gilmartin
• Inventors: Gilmartin, Markas A. T.
• Primary Examiner(s): Gorgos, Kathryn L.
• Assistant Examiner(s): NOGUEROLA, ALEXANDER STEPHAN
• Application Number:
  US08/589,912
• Time in Patent Office: 938 Days
• Field of Search: 204/403, 205/777.5, 205/792, 205/778, 435/817
• US Class Current: 204/403.03
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/4064 Evaluating the brain A61B5/031, A61B5/369, A61B5/14553 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: C12Q 1/004 mediator-assisted
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 31/228 for peroxides
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 435/817 Enzyme or microbe electrode

Abstract

The present invention provides for electrode assemblies and methods in which electron transfer between a redox reaction product and an electrically conductive electrode material is facilitated by a metallo macrocyclic compound, preferably a metallo isoindole ringed compound and more preferably a ferro isoindole ringed compound. The redox reaction is usually catalysized by a redox enzyme, such as an oxidase.

Claims

1. An hydrogen peroxide electrode assembly comprising:

a) a ferro isoindole ringed compound,

b) an electrode, and

c) an oxidase,

wherein said oxidase is attached to an analyte or an analyte analog and said oxidase can prevent said analyte from binding to an analyte binding moiety; and

wherein said oxidase has sufficient activity to catalyse hydrogen peroxide production in detectable amounts.

2. A The hydrogen peroxide electrode of claim 1, wherein said electrode comprises electrically conductive carbon and said ferro isoindole ringed compound is C₃₂ H₁₈ N₈ Fe(II) and said C₃₂ H₁₈ N₈ Fe(II) is in an amount to provide for sufficient electron transfer to permit detection of an electrical current related to catalysis by said oxidase.

3. The hydrogen peroxide electrode of claim 2, wherein said ferro isoindole ringed compound is dispersed in said electrically conductive carbon.

4. The hydrogen peroxide electrode of claim 3, wherein said ferro isoindole ringed compound mass is at least 1% of said electrically conductive carbon mass.

5. The hydrogen peroxide electrode of claim 4, wherein said ferro isoindole ringed compound mass is between 3 and 8% of said electrically conductive carbon mass.

6. The hydrogen peroxide electrode of claim 3, further comprising a selectively permeable layer either 1) between said oxidase and said hydrogen peroxide electrode or 2) covering both said oxidase and said hydrogen peroxide electrode, wherein said selectively permeable layer excludes medium interferents of molecular weight 700-2500 from said hydrogen peroxide electrode.

7. The hydrogen peroxide electrode assembly of claim 6, wherein said electrode is screen printed.

8. The hydrogen peroxide electrode assembly of claim 7, wherein said hydrogen peroxide electrode has a thickness between 1,000 and 50 μ

.

9. The hydrogen peroxide electrode assembly of claim 8, wherein said analyte binding moiety is attached to a matrix and said matrix electrically communicates with said hydrogen peroxide electrode in the presence of a liquid containing a sufficient amount electrolytes to provide for electrical communication.

10. The hydrogen peroxide electrode assembly of claim 9, wherein said matrix is part of a fluid guidance pathway that is in fluid communication with a waste reservoir.

11. The hydrogen peroxide electrode assembly of claim 8, wherein said ferro isoindole ringed compound is also present in a layer covering said electrode.

12. The hydrogen peroxide electrode of claim 11, wherein said oxidase is dry and covers said electrode.

13. The hydrogen peroxide electrode assembly of claim 12, wherein said ferro isoindole ringed compound is not dispersed in said electrically conductive carbon.

14. The hydrogen peroxide electrode assembly of claim 13, further comprising a matrix, wherein said matrix permits fluid communication between said oxidase and said ferro isoindole ringed compound.

15. The hydrogen peroxide electrode assembly of claim 14, wherein said ferro isoindole ringed compound is present on a surface of said hydrogen peroxide electrode or said ferro isoindole ringed compound is present in said matrix and said matrix permits electrical communication between said ferro isoindole ringed compound and said electrode.

16. The hydrogen peroxide electrode assembly of claims 15, wherein said oxidase is covalently attached to said matrix.

17. The hydrogen peroxide electrode assembly of claim 15, wherein said oxidase is noncovalently attached to said matrix.

18. The hydrogen peroxide electrode assembly of claim 17, wherein said oxidase is attached to said matrix through a first analyte binding moiety.

19. The hydrogen peroxide electrode assembly of claim 17, wherein said oxidase is attached to said matrix through a second analyte binding moiety, wherein said first analyte binding moiety is covalently attached to said matrix.

20. The hydrogen peroxide electrode assembly of claim 18, wherein said oxidase is attached to a second analyte binding moiety and said second analyte binding moiety is attached to said matrix through an analyte that is attached to said matrix through said first analyte binding moiety.

21. The hydrogen peroxide electrode assembly of claim 20, wherein said ferro isoindole ringed compound is a ferrous isoindole ringed compound.