User interface having simultaneously movable tools and cursor

• US 5,798,752 A
• Filed: 02/27/1995
• Issued: 08/25/1998
• Est. Priority Date: 07/21/1993
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Xerox Corporation (Xerox Holdings Corp.)
• Original Assignee: Xerox Corporation (Xerox Holdings Corp.)
• Inventors: Buxton, Willaim A. S., Bier, Eric A.
• Primary Examiner(s): Liang, Regina
• Application Number:
  US08/398,420
• Time in Patent Office: 1,275 Days
• Field of Search: 345/145, 345/146, 345/113, 345/156, 345/161, 345/163, 345/167, 345/157, 395/159
• US Class Current: 715/863
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/038 Control and interface arrangements therefor, e.g. drivers or device-embedded control circuitry

Abstract

A user interface technique operates in the environment of a processor-controlled machine for executing a program that operates on a set of underlying data and displays a visible representation thereof. The user simultaneously and independently moves the tools with one hand, normally the non-dominant hand (e.g., a right-handed user'"'"'s left hand) and operates on the visible representation with the other, normally the dominant hand. In a specific implementation, the input devices include a trackball for positioning the tools and a mouse for positioning a cursor and initiating actions.

Claims

1. In a method of operating a computer system where a program displays data and a user interacts with the data through the use of a plurality of displayed tools and a displayed cursor, the user activating a particular tool by moving a tool-defining region associated with the particular tool toward the cursor and generating a cursor event with the tools and the cursor being simultaneously and independently positionable in response to separate sets of input signals.

2. A method of operating a processor-based machine, the machine including:

a user input facility including at least first and second input devices capable of simultaneous and independent actuation by a user,

a display device,

a processor coupled to the user input facility and the display device,

a storage system for storing information including instructions defining at least one program to be executed by the processor and a set of associated data,

the method comprising operating the processor-based machine to perform the steps of;

executing the program to operate on the data and display a visible representation thereof on the display device;

displaying on the display device a visual depiction of a number of tool-defining regions and a cursor, with each tool-defining region specifying at least in part a particular operation, each tool-defining region and its specified operation being referred to as a tool;

moving the number of tool-defining regions toward the cursor in response to a first set of signals from the first input device;

positioning said cursor relative to the number of tool-defining regions and the visible representation in response to a second set of signals from the second input device; and

performing an operation specified at least in part by a particular tool-defining region in response to a cursor event within the particular tool-defining region.

3. The method of claim 2 wherein said step of displaying the number of tool-defining regions is performed as part of the program.

4. The method of claim 2 wherein the first input device is a trackball and the second input device is a mouse.

5. The method of claim 2 wherein at least one of the input devices is a set of keyboard keys.

6. The method of claim 2 wherein at least one of the number of tools, referred to as a click-through tool, has the property that when the cursor event occurs within the click-through tool'"'"'s tool-defining region at a given location relative to the click-through tool'"'"'s tool-defining region, the result of the operation depends on the location of the cursor event relative to the visible representation.

7. The method of claim 2 wherein at least one of the number of tools, referred to as a conventional tool, has the property that when the cursor event occurs within the conventional tool'"'"'s tool-defining region at a given location relative to the conventional tool'"'"'s tool-defining region, the result of the operation does not depend on the location of the cursor event relative to the visible representation.

8. The method of claim 2 wherein:

the number of tools is greater than 1;

at least one of the tools, referred to as a click-through tool, has the property that when the cursor event occurs within the click-through tool'"'"'s tool-defining region at a given location relative to the click-through tool'"'"'s tool-defining region, the result of the operation depends on the location of the cursor event relative to the visible representation; and

at least one of the tools, referred to as a conventional tool, has the property that when the cursor event occurs within the conventional tool'"'"'s tool-defining region at a given location relative to the conventional tool'"'"'s tool-defining region, the result of the operation does not depend on the location of the cursor event relative to the visible representation.

9. The method of claim 2 wherein at least one particular operation augments the data.

10. The method of claim 2 wherein at least one particular operation removes a portion of the data.

11. The method of claim 2 wherein at least one particular operation extracts a portion of the data.

12. The method of claim 2 wherein at least one particular operation modifies a portion of the data.

13. The method of claim 2 wherein the number of tools is greater than 1.

14. A method of operating a processor-based machine, the machine including:

a user input facility including at least first and second user-actuated devices capable of simultaneous and independent actuation by a user,

a display device,

a processor coupled to the user input facility and the display device,

a storage system for storing information including instructions defining at least one application program to be executed by the processor and at least one application data structure including a number of application data items,

the method comprising operating the processor-based machine to perform the steps of;

executing the application program to operate on the application data structure and display a visible representation thereof on the display device;

displaying on the display device a visual depiction of a number of tool-defining regions thereon and a cursor, with each tool-defining region specifying at least in part a particular operation, each tool-defining region and its specified operation being referred to as a tool;

moving the number of tool-defining regions toward the cursor to be in overlapping relation therewith; and

placing the cursor and the number of tool-defining regions in overlapping relation; and

performing an operation specified at least in part by a particular tool-defining region in response to a cursor event within the particular tool-defining region.

15. The method of claim 14 wherein said step of displaying the number of tool-defining regions is performed as part of the application program.

16. The method of claim 14 wherein at least one of the number of tools, referred to as a click-through tool, has the property that when the cursor event occurs within the click-through tool'"'"'s tool-defining region at a given location relative to the click-through tool'"'"'s tool-defining region, the result of the operation depends on the location of the cursor event relative to the visible representation.

17. The method of claim 14 wherein at least one of the number of tools, referred to as a conventional tool, has the property that when the cursor event occurs within the conventional tool'"'"'s tool-defining region at a given location relative to the conventional tool'"'"'s tool-defining region, the result of the operation does not depend on the location of the cursor event relative to the visible representation.

18. The method of claim 14 wherein:

the number of tools is greater than 1;

at least one of the tools when the cursor event occurs within the click-through tool'"'"'s tool-defining region at a given location relative to the click-through tool'"'"'s tool-defining region, referred to as a click-through tool, has the property that the result of the operation depends on the location of the cursor event relative to the visible representation; and

at least one of the tools, referred to as a conventional tool, has the property that when the cursor event occurs within the conventional tool'"'"'s tool-defining region at a given location relative to the conventional tool'"'"'s tool-defining region, the result of the operation does not depend on the location of the cursor event relative to the visible representation.

19. The method of claim 14 wherein:

the visible representation includes graphical objects, at least one of which corresponds to an application data item;

a particular tool on the overlay specifies the creation of a graphical object; and

the particular operation creates an application data item that results in the display of the specified graphical object.

20. The method of claim 14 wherein:

the visible representation includes graphical objects, at least one of which corresponds to an application data item;

a particular tool on the overlay specifies an attribute of a graphical object having at least a portion overlapped by the particular delineated region; and

the particular operation sets the attribute for the application data item that results in the display of the specified graphical object.

21. The method of claim 14 wherein the number of tools is greater than 1.

22. An interactive computing environment comprising:

a processor coupled to a display screen and to first and second position-signal-generating input devices suitable for simultaneous and independent actuation by the user, and

user interface software that the processor executes, that controls at least a portion of the display screen, and that is responsive to said input device,

a method for applying a software tool to a workpiece, the software tool having certain properties, the method comprising the steps of;

using the processor, the user interface software, and the display screen to display a window whose contents represent the workpiece and a cursor;

using the processor, the user interface software, and the display screen to display at least one object that represents the tool;

using the processor, the user interface software, and position signals from the first input device to move the tool with respect to the window representing the workpiece, toward the cursor; and

using the processor, the user interface software, and position signals from the second input device to selectively activate the tool by generating a signal that represents an event within the tool.

23. The method of claim 22 wherein the tool, referred to as a click-through tool, has the property that when the event occurs within the click-through tool'"'"'s tool-defining region at a given location relative to the click-through tool'"'"'s tool-defining region, the operation of the tool on the workpiece depends on the location of the event relative to the workpiece.

24. The method of claim 22 wherein the tool, referred to as a conventional tool, has the property that when the event occurs within the conventional tool'"'"'s tool-defining region at a given location relative to the conventional tool'"'"'s tool-defining region, the operation of the tool on the workpiece does not depend on the location of the event relative to the workpiece.

25. A method of operating a processor-based machine, the machine including

a display device,

a pointing device for controlling the position of a cursor on the display device in response to user input,

a positioning device, and

a processor coupled to the display device, the pointing device, and the positioning device,

the method comprising operating the processor-based machine to perform the steps of:

executing an application program so as to operate on an associated application data structure and display a representation thereof, referred to as the visible representation, on the display device;

generating a visual depiction of a transparent overlay having a number of operation-specifying regions thereon and a cursor;

moving the overlay toward the cursor to be in overlapping relation therewith; and

performing the operation specified by the particular operation-specifying region in response to a cursor event.

26. The method of claim 25 wherein the positioning device provides a first set of signals for specifying the position of the overlay relative to the visible representation and a second set of signals for specifying the relative size of the overlay.

27. The method of claim 25 wherein the number of operation-specifying regions is greater than 1.