Baby greens harvester

• US 5,799,474 A
• Filed: 08/07/1996
• Issued: 09/01/1998
• Est. Priority Date: 05/14/1996
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Tanimura & Antle, Inc.
• Original Assignee: Tanimura & Antle, Inc.
• Inventors: Ingram, Lawrence L.
• Primary Examiner(s): SHACKELFORD, HEATHER CHUN
• Application Number:
  US08/694,047
• Time in Patent Office: 755 Days
• Field of Search: 56/327.1, 56/328.1, 56/16.4 R, 56/119, 56/14.5, 56/121.4, 56/121.46, 56/181, 56/184, 56/185, 56/327.2, 56/16.6, 56/17.1
• US Class Current: 56/14.5
• CPC Class Codes: A01D 45/263 of lettuce
• CPC Class Codes: A01D 89/003 Endless belts

Abstract

A baby greens harvester (10) for the harvesting of small salad vegetables known as baby greens (55). The baby greens harvester (10) has a chassis (12) with a packaging bed (18) thereon. A cutter/conveyor assembly (30) is affixed to the chassis such that the cutter/conveyor assembly (30) can rotate somewhat, relative to the chassis (12) about a longitudinal pivoting axis (102) and a generally horizontal cutter/conveyor assembly pivoting axis (62). The cutter/conveyor assembly (30) has a bottom belt (34) and an opposing, spaced, generally parallel top belt (36). The special top belt (36), called a Hula belt, has a plurality of highly flexible fingers (130) for gathering the baby greens (55) as they are cut by a cutting bar (32) and further for gently holding the baby greens (55) on the bottom belt (34) as they are conveyed rearwardly and upwardly for delivery through a chute (63) into a produce box (64). The front of the cutter/conveyor assembly (30) rides on a gauge roller (56) such that the cutting bar (32) is maintained a preselected close distance (0-4 inches in 1/4-inch increments) above a bed surface (54) whereon the baby greens (55) are grown. The speed of both belts are coordinated to each other within about ±5% so they travel in step upwardly from the cutter bar to the delivery chute. In turn, the belts are driven off the harvester drive wheels, and the belt travel rate (foot per minute) is matched to the forward motion of the harvester within the range of ±15% so the cutter bar does not mangle or mulch baby greens by multiply cutting them. The Hula belt travel path is designed to permit the fingers to descent into the growing greens from above, gently position them for cutting, and hold the cut greens on the lower transport conveyor belt without bruising them, and then disengage just before delivery via the chute.

Claims

1. A harvester for harvesting greens, comprising:

(a) a reciprocating blade type cutter bar mounted in a position which cuts the greens above the ground surface during harvesting;

(b) a first, bottom belt for conveying cut greens upwardly from said cutter bar to an elevated packaging station;

(c) a second, top belt generally opposed to said bottom belt, said top belt includes means for guiding uncut greens to said cutter bar and thereafter to guide cut greens onto said bottom belt and to loosely hold said cut greens on said bottom belt during a portion of its conveying of said cut greens upwardly toward said packaging station; and

(d) said cutter bar is disposed between a forward most portion of said bottom belt and said top belt.

2. A greens harvester as in claim 1, wherein:

(a) said top belt cut greens holding means includes a plurality of flexible fingers extending downwardly toward said bottom belt; and

(b) said belts are mounted to move in the same direction during conveying said cut greens.

3. A greens harvester as in claim 2, wherein:

(a) the flexible fingers are generally rectangular strips of plastic or rubber material.

4. A greens harvester as in claim 1, wherein:

(a) said top belt and said bottom belt move at ±

5% of the same speed such that the greens are not substantially damaged by relative movement between said top belt and said bottom belt.

5. A greens harvester as in claim 1, wherein:

(a) said top belt and said bottom belt move at a speed substantially in a range from 15% less to 15% more than the speed at which the harvester is moving over the ground.

6. A greens harvester as in claim 1, wherein:

(a) said cutter bar has two movable cutting blades.

7. A greens harvester as in claim 1, wherein:

(a) said cutter bar, said bottom belt, and said top belt are rotatably mounted on a cutter/conveyor assembly; and

(b) the cutter/conveyor assembly is supported near a front end by a gauge roller such that said cutter bar may be maintained at a preselected distance above the ground.

8. A greens harvester as in claim 2 wherein:

(a) said top belt is mounted to extend forward of said cutter bar so that said fingers descend into standing uncut greens in a bed before they are cut.

9. A greens harvester as in claim 8 wherein:

(a) said bottom belt diverges from said top belt forward of said packaging station.

10. A greens harvester as in claim 1 wherein:

(a) said cutter bar, said bottom belt, and said top belt are mounted on a cutter/conveyor assembly.

11. A greens harvester as in claim 10, wherein:

(a) the cutter/conveyor assembly is rotatably affixed to a chassis of the harvester near the packaging station such that movement of the cutter/conveyor assembly relative to the chassis produces minimal differential movement between the cutter/conveyor assembly and the packaging station.

12. A greens harvester as in claim 1 wherein:

(a) said bottom belt diverges from said top belt forward of said packaging station.

13. A greens harvester as in claim 10 wherein:

(a) said cutter/conveyor assembly is mounted on a chassis;

(b) said cutter bar is mounted adjacent the forward end of said cutter/conveyor assembly;

(c) said bottom, cut greens conveying belt is rotatably mounted to said cutter/conveyor assembly just rearwardly of said cutter bar;

(d) said top belt is mounted to said cutter/conveyor assembly above and forward of said cutter bar so that said uncut greens guide means descend into standing uncut greens in a bed before they are cut; and

(e) said bottom belt diverges from said top belt ahead of said packaging station.

14. A greens harvester as in claim 10 wherein said cutter/conveyor assembly includes:

(a) a frame having side rails disposed in a generally vertical plane, said side rails being spaced apart a width sufficient to substantially span a width of a greens bed;

(b) a plurality of rollers being journalled in said side rails, said rollers being adapted to retain said first, bottom conveyor belt;

(c) said assembly having a forward and a rearward end;

(d) said cutter bar is mounted at said forward end of said assembly in association with a forward, lower end of said first, bottom conveyor belt;

(e) said first, bottom conveyor belt is a cut greens conveyor belt mounted on and driven about said rollers from said lower forward position to an elevated rearward position, said rearward position comprising a discharge end of said belt;

(f) said second, top belt is rotatably mounted on said cutter/conveyor assembly from a position above and forward of said cutter bar and said bottom conveyor belt to a position above and behind said cutter bar and behind the forward end of said first, bottom, cut greens conveyor belt;

(g) said top belt means for guiding uncut standing greens to said cutter bar and for moving cut greens onto the forward lower end of said bottom belt prevents substantial recutting of stem ends of said greens; and

(h) a means for prouding motive power for driving at least one of said belts.

15. A greens harvester as in claim 14 wherein:

(a) said first, bottom, cut greens conveyor belt and said top belt are mounted generally in parallel along a path of transport of cut greens upwardly from said cutter bar to a point medial of a discharge end of said first, bottom, cut greens belt.

16. A greens harvester as in claim 15 wherein:

(a) said first, bottom, cut greens conveyor belt is mounted on four rollers and includes an inclined section and a rearward horizontal discharge section when in use; and

(b) said top belt is mounted on at least three rollers, said three rollers being disposed at the apices of a triangle with two apices forward of said cutter bar, and the third apex disposed elevated above said first two apices and adjacent a break in said bottom transport belt at the transition between said incline section and said horizontal section.

17. A greens harvester as in claim 14 wherein:

(a) said top uncut greens belt guiding means includes a plurality of flights and each flight comprises a plurality of flexible fingers.

18. A greens harvester as in claim 17 wherein:

(a) the spacing between said belts at said forward end of said assembly does not substantially exceed a height of said top belt fingers to promote the gentle movement of cut greens onto said bottom belt by said top belt upon being cut by said cutter bar.

19. A greens harvester as in claim 18 wherein:

(a) a height of the fingers of said top belt are longer than the distance between the two belts at the forward end of said assembly.

20. A greens harvester as in claim 19 wherein:

(a) said top belt is mounted so that said fingers descend into standing uncut greens in a bed before they are cut, contact said greens to prevent them from falling forward and away from said cutter bar, and retainingly sweep cut greens onto said bottom belt; and

(b) said top and bottom belts diverge at the rearward end of said top belt travel so that the fingers of the top belt are gradually disengaged from said greens on said bottom belt.

21. A greens harvester comprising in operative combination:

(a) a chassis including drive wheels and steerable wheels;

(b) an engine mounted on said chassis for powering said drive wheels;

(c) a cutter/conveyor assembly mounted on said chassis and extending forward of said drive wheels said cutter/conveyor assembly including;

(i) a cutting bar mounted adjacent the forward end of said assembly in a position which cuts greens above ground during harvesting; and

(ii) a first conveyor belt mounted rearwardly of said cutter bar to receive greens cut by said cutter bar;

(iii) a retainer belt having means thereon for retaining cut greens during at least a portion of the distance they are transported upwardly and rearwardly by said conveyor belt without substantial movement of said greens with respect to said conveyor belt; and

(iv) said cutter bar is disposed between a forwardmost portion of said bottom belt and said top belt; and

(v) said conveyor belt discharges said cut greens at an elevated, rearward end thereof;

(d) a means for adjusting the height of said cutter bar with respect to a bed on which said greens are growing; and

(e) platform means mounted on said chassis for retaining containers of cut greens discharged from said conveyor belt.

22. A cutter/conveyor assembly for a greens harvester comprising in operative combination:

(a) a frame having side rails disposed in a generally vertical plane, said side rails being spaced apart a width sufficient to substantially span the width of a greens bed;

(b) a plurality of rollers being journalled in said side rails, said rollers being adapted to retain a first, bottom conveyor belt and a second top retainer belt;

(c) said assembly having a forward end and a rearward end;

(d) a cutter bar mounted adjacent said forward end of said assembly in a position which cuts greens above around during harvesting;

(e) said first, bottom belt is a cut greens conveyor belt mounted on and driven about said rollers from a lower forward position to an elevated rearward position, said rearward position comprising a discharge end of said belt and said cutter bar is mounted forward of the forwardmost end of said bottom belt;

(f) said second top belt is a greens retaining belt mounted on and driven about a second plurality of said rollers, a forwardmost portion of said second top belt being positioned forward of said cutter bar;

(g) said conveyor belt and said retaining belt are mounted generally in parallel along a path of transport of cut greens upwardly from said cutter bar to a point medial of a discharge end of said first bottom conveyor belt; and

(h) motive power means for driving at least one roller for each of said belts.

23. A cutter/conveyor assembly as in claim 22 wherein:

(a) said bottom conveyor belt is mounted on four rollers and includes an inclined section and a rearward horizontal discharge section when in use; and

(b) said top retaining belt is mounted on at least three rollers, said three rollers being disposed at the apices of a triangle with two apices forward of said cutter bar, and the third disposed elevated above said first two apices and adjacent a break in said first, bottom conveyor belt at the transition between said incline section and said horizontal section.

24. A cutter/conveyor assembly as in claim 23 wherein:

(a) said to retainer belt includes a plurality of spaced flights and each flight comprising a row of flexible fingers.

25. A cutter/conveyor assembly as in claim 24 wherein:

(a) the spacing between said belts at said forward end of said assembly does not substantially exceed a height of said upper belt fingers.

26. A cutter/conveyor assembly as in claim 24 wherein:

(a) a height of the fingers of the said upper retainer belt are longer than the distance between the two belts at the forward end of said assembly.

27. A cutter/conveyor assembly as in claim 24 wherein:

(a) said top retaining belt is mounted on said rollers so that said fingers descend into standing, uncut greens in a bed before they are cut, contact said bottom belt to form retaining spaces between adjacent flights for maintaining cut greens in a position on said bottom belt, and wherein said top and bottom belts diverge at the rearward end of said cutter/conveyor assembly so that the fingers of the top belt are gradually disengaged from said greens on said bottom belt.

28. A greens harvester comprising in operative combination:

(a) a chassis including drive wheels and steerable wheels;

(b) an engine mounted on said chassis for powering said drive wheels;

(c) a cutter/conveyor assembly pivotally mounted on said chassis to extend with weight cantilevered forward of said drive wheels, which cutter/conveyor assembly includes;

(i) a reciprocating blade type cutter bar mounted in a position which cuts above round during harvesting and is disposed adjacent the forward end of said cutter/conveyor assembly;

(ii) a first conveyor belt mounted just rearwardly of said cutter bar to receive greens cut by said cutter bar;

(iii) endless conveying means having flexible members for retaining cut greens on said first conveyor belt during a portion of the transport of said cut greens on said first conveyor belt upwardly and rearwardly to a discharge end of said conveyor belt;

(iv) a roller mounted to said assembly forward of said drive wheels and rearwardly of the forward end of said first conveyor belt to support at least a portion of said cantilevered weight of said cutter/conveyor assembly by movement over the top of said bed; and

(v) means for adjusting the height of said cutter bar above the top of said bed in which said greens are growing, which adjustment means is connected to said roller.

29. A greens harvester as in claim 28 wherein:

(a) said roller is mounted behind said cutter; and

(b) said cutter/conveyor assembly cantelevered mounting includes at least one spring member to bear some of the cantelevered weight of said assembly.

30. A greens harvester as in claim 29 wherein:

(a) said cutter/conveyor assembly pivotal connection to said chassis is adjacent a rearward end of said cutter/conveyor assembly.

31. A greens harvester as in claim 30 wherein:

(a) said pivotal mounting includes a yoke permitting both lifting and lowering of the forward end of said assembly, and side to side tilting of said assembly to permit said cutter bar to follow tilted beds.

32. A greens harvester as in claim 30 wherein:

(a) said chassis includes a lifting ram to raise and lower said cutter/conveyor assembly around said pivotal mounting.