Crankcase lubricant compositions and method of improving engine deposit performance

• US 5,804,537 A
• Filed: 11/21/1997
• Issued: 09/08/1998
• Est. Priority Date: 11/21/1997
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. (Exxon Mobil Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. (Exxon Mobil Corporation)
• Inventors: Bidwell, Thomas Richard, Boffa, Alexander Bowman
• Primary Examiner(s): Howard, Jacqueline V.
• Application Number:
  US08/976,024
• Time in Patent Office: 291 Days
• Field of Search: 508/391, 508/398, 508/460
• US Class Current: 508/398
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 129/10 having hydroxy groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 129/40 monocarboxylic
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 129/58 Naphthenic acids
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 133/56 Amides; Imides
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 135/10 Sulfonic acids or derivatives thereof
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 135/30 containing hydroxy groups; Derivatives thereof
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 137/10 Thio derivatives
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 159/16 obtained by Mannich reactions
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 159/24 containing sulfonic radicals
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 163/00 Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of a compound of unknown or incompletely defined constitution and a non-macromolecular compound, each of these compounds being essential
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2207/023 having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2207/026 with tertiary alkyl groups
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2207/027 Neutral salts thereof
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2207/028 Overbased salts thereof
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2207/125 having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2207/126 monocarboxylic
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2207/129 having hydrocarbon chains of thirty or more carbon atoms
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2207/144 containing hydroxy groups
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2207/146 having carboxyl groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membeered aromatic rings having a hydrocarbon substituent of thirty or more carbon atoms
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2207/16 Naphthenic acids
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2207/262 : derived from hydroxy substituted aromatic acids, e.g. salicylates
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/04 : having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/086 : Imides
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/26 : Amines
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/28 : Amides; Imides
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2217/043 : Mannich bases
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2217/046 : Polyamines, i.e. macromoleculars obtained by condensation of more than eleven amine monomers
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2217/06 : Macromolecular compounds obtained by functionalisation op polymers with a nitrogen containing compound
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2219/044 : Sulfonic acids, Derivatives thereof, e.g. neutral salts
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2219/046 : Overbasedsulfonic acid salts
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2219/087 : containing hydroxy groups; Derivatives thereof, e.g. sulfurised phenols
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2219/088 : Neutral salts
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2219/089 : Overbased salts
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2223/045 : Metal containing thio derivatives
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2223/065 : containing sulfur
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2010/00 : Metal present as such or in compounds
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2010/02 : Groups 1 or 11
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2010/04 : Groups 2 or 12
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2040/25 : Internal-combustion engines
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2040/251 : Alcohol fueled engines
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2040/255 : Gasoline engines
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2040/28 : Rotary engines

Abstract

A low phosphorus passenger car motor oil containing an oil of lubricating viscosity as the major component and a tri-metal detergent mixture as a minor component, wherein the tri-metal detergent mixture comprises at least one calcium overbased metal detergent, at least one magnesium overbased metal detergent and at least one sodium overbased metal detergent, wherein the tri-metal detergent mixture is present in the oil composition in an amount such that the total TBN contributed to the oil composition by the tri-metal detergent mixture is from about 2 to about 12, and wherein the calcium overbased detergent contributes from about 8 to about 42% of the total TBN contributed by the tri-metal detergent mixture, the magnesium overbased detergent contributes from about 29 to about 60% of the total TBN contributed by the tri-metal detergent mixture, and the sodium overbased detergent contributes from about 15 to about 64% of the total TBN contributed by the tri-metal detergent mixture.

Claims

1. A lubricating oil composition, which comprises:

(a) an oil of lubricating viscosity as the major component and (b) a tri-metal detergent mixture as a minor component, said tri-metal detergent mixture comprising at least one calcium overbased metal detergent, at least one magnesium overbased metal detergent and at least one sodium overbased metal detergent, said tri-metal detergent mixture being present in the oil composition in an amount such that the total TBN contributed to the oil composition by said tri-metal detergent mixture is from about 2 to about 12, said calcium overbased detergent contributing from about 8 to about 42% of the total TBN contributed by said tri-metal detergent mixture, said magnesium overbased detergent contributing from about 29 to about 60% of the total TBN contributed by said tri-metal detergent mixture, and said sodium overbased detergent contributing from about 15 to about 64% of the total TBN contributed by said tri-metal detergent mixture.

2. A lubrication oil composition in accordance with claim 1, wherein said calcium overbased detergent contributes from about 17 to about 42% of the total TBN contributed by said tri-metal detergent mixture, said magnesium overbased detergent contributes from about 29 to about 50% of the total TBN contributed by said tri-metal detergent mixture, and said sodium overbased detergent contributes from about 22 to about 43% of the total TBN contributed by said tri-metal detergent mixture.

3. A lubrication oil composition in accordance with claim 1, wherein said calcium overbased detergent contributes from about 22 to about 37% of the total TBN contributed by said tri-metal detergent mixture, said magnesium overbased detergent contributes from about 29 to about 40% of the total TBN contributed by said tri-metal detergent mixture, and said sodium overbased detergent contributes from about 30 to about 43% of the total TBN contributed by said tri-metal detergent mixture.

4. A lubricating oil composition in accordance with claim 1, which, when tested in the Thermo-Oxidation Engine Oil Simulation Test (TEOST), results in less than about 30 mg total deposits.

5. A lubricating oil composition in accordance with claim 2, which, when tested in the Thermo-Oxidation Engine Oil Simulation Test (TEOST), results in less than about 30 mg total deposits.

6. A lubrication oil composition in accordance with claim 3, which, when tested in the Thermo-Oxidation Engine Oil Simulation Test (TEOST), results in less than about 30 mg total deposits.

7. A lubrication oil composition in accordance with claim 6, which, when tested in the Thermo-Oxidation Engine Oil Simulation Test (TEOST), results in less than about 20 mg total deposits.

8. A lubrication oil composition in accordance with claim 6, which, when tested in the Thermo-Oxidation Engine Oil Simulation Test (TEOST), results in less than about 15 mg total deposits.

9. A lubrication oil composition in accordance with claim 1, which further comprises one or more neutral soaps.

10. A lubrication oil composition in accordance with claim 2, which further comprises one or more neutral soaps.

11. A lubrication oil composition in accordance with claim 3, which further comprises one or more neutral soaps.

12. A lubrication oil composition in accordance with claim 11, wherein said composition is suitable for use as a passenger car motor oil.

13. A lubrication oil composition in accordance with claim 11, wherein said composition is selected from the group consisting single grade and multigrade passenger car motor oils.

14. A lubricating oil composition in accordance with claim 1, wherein said tri-metal detergent mixture is present in the oil composition in an amount of from about 0.1 to about 10 wt. %, based on the total weight of the oil composition.

15. A lubricating oil composition in accordance with claim 1, wherein said tri-metal detergent mixture is present in the oil composition in an amount of from about 0.3 to about 6 wt. %, based on the total weight of the oil composition.

16. A lubricating oil composition in accordance with claim 1, wherein said tri-metal detergent mixture is present in the oil composition in an amount of from about 0.4 to about 3 wt. %, based on the total weight of the oil composition.

17. A lubricating oil composition in accordance with claim 1, wherein said tri-metal detergent mixture is present in the oil composition in an amount of from about 0.6 to about 0.8 wt. %, based on the total weight of the oil composition.

18. A lubricating oil composition in accordance with claim 2, wherein said tri-metal detergent mixture is present in the oil composition in an amount of from about 0.1 to about 10 wt. %, based on the total weight of the oil composition.

19. A lubricating oil composition in accordance with claim 2, wherein said tri-metal detergent mixture is present in the oil composition in an amount of from about 0.3 to about 6 wt. %, based on the total weight of the oil composition.

20. A lubricating oil composition in accordance with claim 2, wherein said tri-metal detergent mixture is present in the oil composition in an amount of from about 0.4 to about 3 wt. %, based on the total weight of the oil composition.

21. A lubricating oil composition in accordance with claim 2, wherein said tri-metal detergent mixture is present in the oil composition in an amount of from about 0.6 to about 0.8 wt. % , based on the total weight of the oil composition.

22. A lubricating oil composition in accordance with claim 3, wherein said tri-metal detergent mixture is present in the oil composition in an amount of from about 0.1 to about 10 wt. %, based on the total weight of the oil composition.

23. A lubrication oil composition in accordance with claim 3, wherein said tri-metal detergent mixture is present in the oil composition in an amount of from about 0.3 to about 6 wt. %, based on the total weight of the oil composition.

24. A lubricating oil composition in accordance with claim 3, wherein said tri-metal detergent mixture is present in the oil composition in an amount of from about 0.5 to about 3 wt. % , based on the total weight of the oil composition.

25. A lubrication oil composition in accordance with claim 3, wherein said tri-metal detergent mixture is present in the oil composition in an amount of from about 0.9 to about 1.2 wt. %, based on the total weight of the oil composition.

26. A lubrication oil composition in accordance with claim 12, wherein said composition contains less than about 0.1 wt. % phosphorus.

27. A lubrication oil composition in accordance with claim 13, wherein said composition contains less than about 0.1 wt. % phosphorus.

28. A lubrication oil composition in accordance with claim 14, wherein said composition contains less than about 0.1 wt. % phosphorus.

29. A lubrication oil composition in accordance with claim 1, wherein each of said calcium overbased detergent(s), said magnesium overbased detergent(s) and said sodium overbased detergent(s) has a TBN in excess of 200.

30. A lubrication oil composition in accordance with claim 1, wherein each of said calcium overbased detergent(s), said magnesium overbased detergent(s) and said sodium overbased detergent(s) has a TBN in excess of 300.

31. A lubrication oil composition in accordance with claim 30, wherein said tri-metal detergent mixture is present in the lubrication oil composition in an amount such that said tri-metal detergent mixture contributes a TBN of from about 3 to about 9 to the total TBN of the oil composition.

32. A lubrication oil composition in accordance with claim 30, wherein said tri-metal detergent mixture is present in the lubrication oil composition in an amount such that said tri-metal detergent mixture contributes a TBN of from about 3.5 to about 8 to the total TBN of the oil composition.

33. A lubrication oil composition in accordance with claim 31, wherein said calcium overbased detergent contributes from about 17 to about 42% of the total TBN contributed by said tri-metal detergent mixture, said magnesium overbased detergent contributes from about 29 to about 50% of the total TBN contributed by said tri-metal detergent mixture, and said sodium overbased detergent contributes from about 22 to about 43% of the total TBN contributed by said tri-metal detergent mixture.

34. A lubrication oil composition in accordance with claim 32, wherein said calcium overbased detergent contributes from about 22 to about 37% of the total TBN contributed by said tri-metal detergent mixture, said magnesium overbased detergent contributes from about 29 to about 40% of the total TBN contributed by said tri-metal detergent mixture, and said sodium overbased detergent contributes from about 30 to about 43% of the total TBN contributed by said tri-metal detergent mixture.

35. A lubrication oil composition in accordance with claim 1, wherein said tri-metal detergent mixture is present in the oil composition in an amount of about 0.6 to about 0.8 wt. %, based on the total weight of the oil composition, and wherein the amounts of calcium overbased detergent, magnesium overbased detergent and sodium overbased detergent comprising said tri-metal detergent mixture fall within the range encompassed within the smallest shaded area in FIG. 1.

36. A method of reducing the deposits which form in an internal combustion engine during the operation thereof due to deterioration of the crankcase lubricating oil that is used to lubricate the engine, which comprises using as the crankcase lubricating oil a composition which comprises an oil of lubricating viscosity as the major component and a tri-metal overbased detergent mixture of at least one calcium overbased metal detergent, at least one magnesium overbased metal detergent and at least one sodium overbased metal detergent as a minor component, wherein said tri-metal overbased detergent mixture is present in the crankcase lubricating oil composition in an amount such that the total TBN contributed to the oil composition by said tri-metal detergent mixture is from about 2 to about 12, said calcium overbased detergent contributing from about 8 to about 42% of the total TBN contributed by said tri-metal detergent mixture, said magnesium overbased detergent contributing from about 29 to about 60% of the total TBN contributed by said tri-metal detergent mixture, and said sodium overbased detergent contributing from about 15 to about 64% of the total TBN contributed by said tri-metal detergent mixture.

37. The method of claim 36, which comprises using as the crankcase lubricating oil a composition which contains at least one neutral soap in addition to said oil of lubricating viscosity and said tri-metal overbased detergent mixture.

38. The method of claim 36, wherein said tri-metal detergent mixture is present in the oil composition in an amount of about 0.6 to about 0.8 wt. %, based on the total weight of the oil composition, and wherein the amounts of calcium overbased detergent, magnesium overbased detergent and sodium overbased detergent comprising said tri-metal detergent mixture fail within the range encompassed within the smallest shaded area in FIG. 1.