Generator controller used in hybrid electric vehicle

• US 5,804,947 A
• Filed: 10/19/1995
• Issued: 09/08/1998
• Est. Priority Date: 12/22/1994
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha (Toyota Motor Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha (Toyota Motor Corporation)
• Inventors: Taki, Nobuyuki, Nii, Yoshihide
• Primary Examiner(s): Stephan, Steven L.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Ponomarenko, Nicholas
• Application Number:
  US08/545,291
• Time in Patent Office: 1,055 Days
• Field of Search: 322/16, 322/22, 322/28, 290/16, 318/153
• US Class Current: 322/16
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 6/46 Series type
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/547 Voltage
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/549 Current
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2260/44 by parameter estimation
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 3/0046 relating to electric energy storage systems, e.g. batteries or capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 50/61 by batteries charged by engine-driven generators, e.g. series hybrid electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 58/13 Maintaining the SoC within a determined range
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 58/14 Preventing excessive discharging
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 10/26 for electrical energy, e.g. batteries or capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 2510/244 Charge state
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/1415 with a generator driven by a prime mover other than the motor of a vehicle
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/62 Hybrid vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/7072 Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 903/903 having energy storing means, e.g. battery, capacitor

Abstract

A generator controller used in hybrid electric vehicle. The battery current is sampled and accumulated for T seconds. The obtained accumulated value is used to determine the control target of the generated power. Since the generated power is controlled according to the accumulated current of the battery which fits the battery'"'"'s characteristic compared to the charged-and-discharged power, the battery'"'"'s state of charge (SOC) can be more accurately controlled within the target zone. When the SOC of the battery is initially outside the target zone, the SOC is adjusted within the target zone by forcibly discharging or charging the battery. The precision of SOC control can be improved compared to when the SOC of the battery is controlled using the charged-and-discharged power.

Claims

1. A generator controller used in a hybrid electric vehicle comprising a motor for propelling the hybrid electric vehicle, a battery capable of being charged and discharged, and a generator for producing a generated power having a value according to a command, a discharged power from the battery and the generated power of the generator being used as a driving power of the motor and a surplus of the generated power, relative to the driving power, being used as a charging power of the battery, the generator controller comprising:

means for detecting a charging current and a discharged current;

means for detecting a change in a state of charge of the battery on the basis of the charging current and the discharged current;

means for determining a target generated power based on a change in the state of charge; and

means for controlling the generated power according to the target generated power.

2. The generator controller as defined by claim 1, further comprising:

means for detecting a voltage of the battery; and

means for inhibiting a target control of said generated power according to the target generated power when the voltage of the battery exceeds a limit value.

3. The generator controller as defined by claim 1, wherein the means for detecting the change in the state of charge, includes means for detecting an accumulated charged-and-discharged current of the battery by accumulating the charging current and the discharged current for every predetermined time period;

and

wherein the means for determining the target generated power includes means for determining the target generated power based on said accumulated charged-and-discharged current.

4. The generator controller as defined by claim 3, wherein when accumulating the charging current and the discharged current, an efficiency coefficient representing a voltage dependency of a charged-and-discharged efficiency of the battery is multiplied by the battery current.

5. The generator controller as defined by claim 3, further, comprising:

means for forcibly setting a first initial value to an initial target generated power, the first initial value being greater than a minimum generated power which is capable of being generated by the generator and less than the driving power prior to a target control of the generated power according to the target generated power;

means for controlling said generated power according to the initial target generated power;

means for detecting, based on said charging current and the discharged current, an appearance of a high rate discharging state where the discharged current of the battery is greater than a predetermined value and is increasing, when the generated power is controlled according to said initial target generated power;

means for detecting a voltage of the battery;

means for detecting the state of charge of the battery as an initial state of charge based on the voltage of the battery when the high rate discharging state has occurred; and

means for carrying out a target control of said generated power according to the target generated power when said initial state of charge is within a target zone.

6. The generator controller as defined by claim 5, wherein

said hybrid electric vehicle further comprises an engine for driving the generator and being operated in a wide-open-throttle condition;

said minimum generated power being a minimum power needed to maintain operation of the engine in the wide-open-throttle condition.

7. The generator controller as defined by claim 5, wherein the first initial value is forcibly set to the initial target generated power when starting said hybrid electric vehicle.

8. The generator controller as defined by claim 5, wherein said first initial value is above 0 and is a value below a maximum generated power which is capable of being generated by the generator.

9. The generator controller as defined by claim 5, further comprising:

means for setting said minimum generated power to the target generated power, prior to carrying out the target control of said generated power according to the target generated power, when said initial state of charge is within the target zone.

10. The generator controller as defined by claim 5, further comprising:

means for forcibly setting a second initial value to said initial target generated power when said initial state of charge has a value greater than any value belonging to said target zone, the second initial value being above said minimum generated power and less than said driving power.

11. The generator controller as defined by claim 10, wherein the second initial value is above 0 and is below the maximum power which is capable of being generated by the generator.

12. The generator controller as defined by claim 5, further comprising:

means for forcibly setting a third initial value to said initial target generated power when said initial state of charge has a value less than any of the values belonging to said target zone, and said driving power is below the maximum generated power which is capable of being generated by the generator, the third initial value being above the driving power and below the maximum generated power.

13. The generator controller as defined by claim 12, further comprising:

means for inhibiting the target control of said generated power according to the initial target generated power when the third initial value is forcibly set to said initial target generated power and the voltage of the battery is above the limit value.

14. The generator controller as defined by claim 5, further comprising:

means for forcibly setting a third initial value, which is equivalent to a maximum generated power, to the initial target generated power when said initial state of charge has a value less than any of the values belonging to said target zone and said driving power is above the maximum generated power which is capable of being generated by the generator.

15. The generator controller as defined by claim 14, further comprising:

means for inhibiting the target control of said generated power according to the initial target generated power, when the third initial value is forcibly set to said initial target generated power and the voltage of the battery is above the limit value.

16. The generator controller as defined by claim 1, wherein

said means for detecting the change in the state of charge includes means for obtaining an average of the charging current and the discharged current for every period;

and said means for determining target generated power, includes;

means for obtaining a surplus and shortage of the generated power, relative to a power required to maintain the state of charge of the battery, based on said average; and

means for determining the target generated power based on the surplus and shortage of the generated power.

17. The generator controller as defined by claim 16, wherein said means for determining the target generated power further comprises:

means for determining a candidate target generated power that should be used as the target generated power in a next period, by adding the target generated power used in a previous period and the surplus and shortage of the generated power obtained involving the most recent period; and

means for setting the candidate target generated power to the target generated power for the next period when the candidate target generated power is above the minimum generated power and below the maximum generated power which are capable of being generated by the generator.

18. The generator controller as defined by claim 17, wherein said means for determining the target generated power further comprises:

means for setting the minimum generated power to the target generated power for the next period when the candidate target generated power is less than the minimum generated power.

19. The generator controller as defined by claim 17, wherein said means for determining the target generated power further comprises:

means for setting the maximum generated power to the target generated power for the next period when the candidate target generated power is above the maximum generated power.

20. The generator controller as defined by claim 16, wherein said means for detecting the change in the state of charge comprises:

means for obtaining the average of the charging current and the discharged current by carrying out a moving average calculation thereof for a predetermined unit cycle.