Video recording device compatible transmitter

• US 5,805,762 A
• Filed: 04/18/1994
• Issued: 09/08/1998
• Est. Priority Date: 01/13/1993
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Hitachi America Limited (Hitachi, Ltd.)
• Original Assignee: Hitachi America Limited (Hitachi, Ltd.)
• Inventors: Fuhrer, Jack Selig, Boyce, Jill MacDonald, Plotnick, Michael Allen, Lane, Frank Anton, Henderson, John Goodchilde Norie
• Primary Examiner(s): Chevalier, Robert
• Application Number:
  US08/228,949
• Time in Patent Office: 1,604 Days
• Field of Search: 358/335, 358/310, 358/312, 358/313, 358/343, 358/341, 348/384, 348/408, 360/10.1, 360/11.1, 360/10.3, 360/19.1, 360/32, 386/67, 386/68, 386/109, 386/111, 386/112, 386/27, 386/33, 386/69, 386/37, 386/110
• US Class Current: 386/314
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 15/125 conditioned by the operating function of the apparatus
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 15/1875 adaptations for special effects or editing signal processing or indexing therefor G11B27/00
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 15/4673 by controlling the speed of the tape while the head is rotating
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 5/0086 using cyclically driven heads providing segmented tracks
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 19/00 Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 19/13 Adaptive entropy coding, e.g. adaptive variable length coding [AVLC] or context adaptive binary arithmetic coding [CABAC]
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 19/132 Sampling, masking or truncation of coding units, e.g. adaptive resampling, frame skipping, frame interpolation or high-frequency transform coefficient masking
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 19/184 the unit being bits, e.g. of the compressed video stream
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 19/192 the adaptation method, adaptation tool or adaptation type being iterative or recursive
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 19/30 using hierarchical techniques, e.g. scalability H04N19/63 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 19/37 with arrangements for assigning different transmission priorities to video input data or to video coded data
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 19/40 using video transcoding, i.e. partial or full decoding of a coded input stream followed by re-encoding of the decoded output stream
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 19/427 Display on the fly, e.g. simultaneous writing to and reading from decoding memory
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 19/428 Recompression, e.g. by spatial or temporal decimation
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 19/587 involving temporal sub-sampling or interpolation, e.g. decimation or subsequent interpolation of pictures in a video sequence
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 19/59 involving spatial sub-sampling or interpolation, e.g. alteration of picture size or resolution
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 19/60 using transform coding
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 19/61 in combination with predictive coding
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 19/70 characterised by syntax aspects related to video coding, e.g. related to compression standards
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 19/80 Details of filtering operations specially adapted for video compression, e.g. for pixel interpolation H04N19/635, H04N19/86 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 19/82 : involving filtering within a prediction loop
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 19/90 : using coding techniques not provided for in groups H04N19/10-H04N19/85, e.g. fractals
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 19/91 : Entropy coding, e.g. variable length coding [VLC] or arithmetic coding
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 21/4147 : PVR [Personal Video Recorder] H04N5/76 takes precedence ; arrangements for broadcast with accumulation-type receivers H04H20/40
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 21/4325 : by playing back content from the storage medium reproduction of recorded television signals H04N5/76; reproduction of recorded television signals H04N9/79
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 21/4334 : Recording operations recording of a television signal H04N5/76; arrangements for recording or accumulating broadcast information or broadcast-related information H04H60/27
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 21/434 : Disassembling of a multiplex stream, e.g. demultiplexing audio and video streams, extraction of additional data from a video stream; Remultiplexing of multiplex streams; Extraction or processing of SI; Disassembling of packetised elementary stream demultiplexing of data packets for data networks, e.g. RTP/UDP H04L65/00
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 5/78263 : for recording on tracks inclined relative to the direction of movement of the tape
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 5/783 : Adaptations for reproducing at a rate different from the recording rate
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 9/8042 : involving data reduction
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 9/8227 : the additional signal being at least another television signal

Abstract

A device for transmitting digital packetized video and audio data is disclosed. The transmitter includes a video encoder, a prioritizer, and a packetizer. The video encoder receives video signals and encodes the video signals into a digital video data stream including codewords. The video encoder also generates motion vectors and fully intra-coded video frames for use by a video tape recorder during trick play operation. The prioritizer is coupled to the video encoder. The prioritizer receives the digital video data stream and prioritizes the video data according to a preselected prioritization scheme optimized for identifying data useful to video tape recorder trick play operation. The preselected prioritization scheme assigns the video codewords in the video data stream to a priority level according to the utility of each video codeword for video tape recorder recording and playback operation and outputs both the video codewords and a priority level signal. The video codewords and the priority level signal are supplied to a transport packetizer which packetizes the video codewords and associates a header with each packet. The headers contain information identifying the assigned priority level of the codewords in each packet. This makes it possible for a video tape recorder receiving the video packets to determine the utility of the codewords in a given packet from the priority level information in the packet headers.

Claims

1. A device for generating a digital video data stream including video codewords at a first data rate, in a format that facilitates the subsequent selection of a subset of the video codewords for inclusion in a reduced rate data stream intended for use during VTR trick playback operation, the reduced rate data stream having a second data rate that is lower than the first data rate, the device comprising:

a video encoder for receiving video signals and encoding the video signals to generate the digital video data stream including the video codewords, each video codeword including data corresponding to one of a plurality of data types, each one of the plurality of data types representing data having a degree of utility for generating a recognizable portion of an image during video tape recorder trick play operation, the degree of utility of each one of the plurality of data types corresponding to the amount of decrease in the quality of image portions that can be generated from the video codewords included in the reduced rate data stream that results when the codewords of the one of the plurality of data types is omitted from the reduced rate data stream, wherein data of a type required to generate recognizable portions of video images during video tape recorder trick playback operation are of a higher degree of utility than data of a type that has little impact on the quality of image portions generated during video tape recorder trick playback operation; and

a trick play video data prioritizer coupled to the video encoder for receiving the digital video data stream, and for prioritizing each of the video codewords in the digital video data stream according to a preselected prioritization scheme, the preselected prioritization scheme assigning each one of the video codewords in the video data stream to one of a plurality of at least three trick play data priority levels as a function of the degree of utility of the type of data included in each video codeword for generating a recognizable portion of an image during video tape recorder trick play operation, each one of the trick play data priority levels representing video codewords including data having approximately the same degree of utility for generating a recognizable portion of an image during video tape recorder trick play operation,

the trick play video data prioritizer including;

i) a video codeword output for outputting the video codewords; and

ii) a trick play data priority level signal output for outputting a trick play data priority level signal indicative of the trick play data priority level assigned to each of the video codewords output by the video codeword output.

2. The device of claim 1, further comprising a video transport packetizer for receiving the video codewords and the priority level signal output by the trick play video data prioritizer and for arranging the video codewords into video packets, each of a plurality of the video packets including at least one video codeword, the assigned priority level of the at least one video codeword being identified by a packet header associated with the at least one video codeword.

3. The device of claim 1, further comprising a video transport packetizer that receives the video codewords and the priority level signal output by the trick play video data prioritizer and arranges the video codewords into a first plurality of video packets containing at least one video codeword and a second plurality of video packets containing a portion of a video codeword, each of the first plurality of video packets including a packet header for identifying the trick play data priority level of the at least one video codeword contained therein.

4. The device of claim 1, further comprising a video transport packetizer, the packetizer including a transport sorter for sorting each of the video codewords into high priority codewords and standard priority codewords as a function of the assigned trick play data priority level of each video codeword.

5. The device of claim 4, wherein the video transport packetizer arranges the standard priority codewords into standard priority video packets and the high priority video codewords into high priority video packets, each high priority video packet containing at least one video codeword being identified by a packet header associated with the at least one video codeword.

6. The device of claim 4, wherein the video transport packetizer outputs all video packets including data for a group of pictures, in a time period less than or equal to the time period required by a receiver to display the data in the group of pictures.

7. The device of claim 4, wherein each of the video codewords comprises a series of bits, and wherein the video transport packetizer sorts the video codewords to establish a ratio of high priority codeword bits to standard priority codeword bits of approximately 1:

4.

8. The device of claim 4, wherein the video transport sorter sorts the video codewords to establish a ratio of high priority video packets to standard priority video packets of approximately 1:

4.

9. The device of claim 1, further comprising a video transport packetizer, the video transport packetizer including a transport prioritizer for prioritizing and sorting each of the video codewords output by the trick play video data prioritizer into high priority codewords and standard priority codewords as a function of a preselected transport prioritization scheme.

10. The device of claim 9, wherein the video transport packetizer arranges the standard priority codewords into standard priority video packets and the high priority codewords into high priority video packets, each packet containing at least one video codeword, the trick play data priority level assigned to the at least one video codeword being identified by two or more bits of a packet header associated with the at least one video codeword.

11. The device of claim 9, wherein the video transport packetizer outputs all video packets including data for a group of pictures, in a time period less than or equal to the time period required by a receiver to display the data in the group of pictures.

12. The device of claim 9, wherein the transport prioritizer sorts the video codewords to establish a ratio of high priority video codewords to standard priority video codewords of approximately 1:

4.

13. A device for generating a digital video data stream including video codewords at a first data rate, in a format that facilitates the subsequent selection of a subset of the video codewords for inclusion in a reduced rate data stream intended for use during VTR trick playback operation, the reduced rate data stream having a second data rate that is lower than the first data rate, the device comprising:

a video encoder for receiving video signals and encoding the video signals to generate the digital video data stream including the video codewords, each video codeword including data corresponding to one of a plurality of data types, each one of the plurality of data types representing data having a degree of utility for generating a recognizable portion of an image during video tape recorder trick play operation, the degree of utility of each one of the plurality of data types corresponding to the amount of decrease in the quality of the image portions that can be generated from the video codewords included in the reduced rate data stream that results when the codewords of the one of the plurality of data types is omitted from the reduced rate data stream, wherein data of a type required to generate recognizable portions of video images during video tape recorder trick playback operation are of a higher degree of utility than data of a type that has little impact on the quality of image portions generated during video tape recorder trick playback operation ; and

a trick play video data prioritizer coupled to the video encoder for receiving the digital video data stream, and for prioritizing each of the video codewords in the digital video data stream according to a preselected prioritization scheme, the preselected prioritization scheme assigning each one of the video codewords in the video data stream to one of a plurality of at least three trick play data priority levels as a function of the degree of utility of the type of data included in each video codeword for generating a recognizable portion of an image during video tape recorder trick play operation, each one of the trick play data priority levels representing video codewords including data having approximately the same degree of utility for generating a recognizable portion of an image during video tape recorder trick play operation,

the trick play video data prioritizer including;

a video signal output for outputting a video codeword signal and a priority level signal.

14. The device of claim 13, further comprising a video transport packetizer for receiving the video codewords and the priority level signal output by the trick play video data prioritizer, each codeword comprising a plurality of video codeword bits, the video transport packetizer for arranging each of the video codewords into video packets, each packet comprising a preselected number of video codeword bits which comprise the video codewords, the assigned trick play data priority level of at least one of the video codewords in each video packet being identified by a packet header associated with the at least one of the video codewords.

15. The device of claim 13, further comprising a video transport packetizer, the video transport packetizer including a transport sorter for sorting each of the video codewords into a preselected N number of different priority data streams, and for assigning each video codeword to one of the N priority data streams as a function of the assigned trick play data priority level of each video codeword, wherein N is an integer.

16. The device of claim 15, wherein the transport packetizer arranges each of the video codewords into a plurality of video packets, each video packet comprising at least one video codeword and a packet header associated with the at least one video codeword.

17. The device of claim 16, wherein the packet header associated with the at least one video codeword further identifies the assigned trick play data priority level of the at least one video codeword.

18. The device of claim 16, wherein the packet header associated with the at least one video codeword identifies the assigned priority data stream of the at least one video codeword.

19. The device of claim 13, further comprising a video transport packetizer, the video transport packetizer including a transport prioritizer for prioritizing and sorting each of the video codewords into at least two priority streams as a function of a preselected transport prioritization scheme and the assigned trick play data priority level of each of the video codewords.

20. The device of claim 19, wherein the transport packetizer arranges each of the video codewords into at least two classes of video packets, each video packet comprising at least one video codeword being identified by a packet header associated with the at least one video codeword.

21. A method of prioritizing digital video data included in a video data stream intended to support normal play video tape recorder operation, to facilitate the subsequent selection of a subset of the video data for use during video tape recorder trick play operation, the digital video data including a plurality of data units, each of said plurality of said video data units having a degree of utility for generating a recognizable portion of an image during video tape recorder trick play operation, the method of prioritizing video data in a data stream comprising the steps of:

receiving the video data in the video data stream;

identifying each one of the plurality of data units included in the received video data and the degree of utility of each one of the plurality of data units for generating a recognizable portion of an image during video tape recorder trick play operation, the degree of utility of one of the plurality of data units corresponding to the amount of decrease in the quality of the image portions that can be generated from the video codewords included in the subset of the video data that results when the video data of the one of the plurality of data types is omitted from the subset of the video data, wherein video data of a type required to generate recognizable portions of video images during video tape recorder trick play operation are of a higher degree of utility than data of a type that has little impact on the quality of image portions generated during video tape recorder trick play operation;

assigning each one of the identified video data units to one of a plurality of N trick play data priority levels as a function of the degree of utility of the identified video data unit being assigned, each one of the N priority levels representing video data units having approximately the same degree of utility for generating a recognizable portion of an image during video tape recorder trick play operation, wherein N is an integer greater than two and;

outputting a priority level signal indicating the assigned priority level of each of the identified video data units included in the received video data.

22. The method of claim 21, wherein the plurality of data units includes picture headers of intra-coded video frames, slice headers of intra-coded video frames, macroblock headers of intra-coded video frames, AC discrete cosine transform coefficients of intra-coded video frames, DC discrete cosine transform coefficients of intra-coded video frames, and wherein the step of assigning each one of the identified video data units to one of the plurality of N trick play data priority levels as a function of the utility of the identified video data unit being assigned, includes the step of assigning each one of the identified picture headers of intra-coded video frames to a first priority level.

23. The method of claim 22, wherein the step of assigning each one of the identified video data units to one of the plurality of N trick play data priority levels as a function of the utility of the identified video data unit being assigned, includes the step of assigning each one of the identified slice headers of intra-coded video frames to the first priority level.

24. The method of claim 23, wherein the step of assigning each one of the identified video data units to one of the plurality of N trick play data priority levels as a function of the utility of the identified video data unit being assigned, includes the step of assigning each one of the identified macroblock headers of intra-coded video frames to a second priority level.

25. The method of claim 24, wherein the step of assigning each one of the identified video data units to one of the plurality of N trick play data priority levels as a function of the utility of the identified video data unit being assigned, includes the step of assigning each one of the identified DC discrete cosine transform coefficients of intra-coded video frames to a third priority level.

26. The method of claim 25, wherein the plurality of video data units further includes picture headers of forward predicted inter-coded video frames, slice headers of forward predicted inter-coded video frames, macroblock headers of forward predicted inter-coded video frames, motion vectors of forward predicted inter-coded video frames, and wherein the step of assigning each one of the identified video data units to one of the plurality of N trick play data priority levels as a function of the utility of the identified video data unit being assigned, further includes the step of assigning each one of the identified picture headers of forward predicted inter-coded video frames to the first priority level.

27. The method of claim 26, wherein the step of assigning each one of the identified video data units to one of the plurality of N trick play data priority levels as a function of the utility of each one of the identified video data units being assigned, further includes the step of assigning each one of the identified picture headers of forward predicted inter-coded video frames to the first priority level.

28. The method of claim 27, wherein the step of assigning each one of the identified video data units to one of the plurality of N trick play data priority levels as a function of the utility of each one of the identified video data units being assigned, further includes the step of assigning each one of the identified slice headers of forward predicted inter-coded video frames to the first priority level.

29. The method of claim 28, wherein the step of assigning each one of the identified video data units to one of the plurality of N trick play data priority levels as a function of the utility of each one of the identified video data units being assigned, further includes the step of assigning each one of the identified macroblock headers of forward predicted inter-coded video frames to the second priority level.

30. The method of claim 29, wherein the step of assigning each one of the identified video data units to one of the plurality of N trick play data priority levels as a function of the utility of each one of the identified video data units being assigned, further includes the step of assigning each one of the identified motion vectors of forward predicted inter-coded video frames to a fourth priority level.

31. A device for prioritizing digital packetized data including codewords in a digital video data stream having a first data rate, to facilitate the subsequent selection of a subset of the video codewords for inclusion in a reduced rate data stream of video codewords intended for use during video tape recorder trick playback operation, each video codeword including data corresponding to one of a plurality of data types having a degree of utility for generating a recognizable portion of an image during video tape recorder trick play operation, the reduced rate data stream having a second data rate that is lower than the first data rate, the device comprising:

a trick play data prioritizer for receiving the video data stream including the video codewords, and for prioritizing each of the video codewords in the video data stream according to a preselected prioritization scheme, the preselected prioritization scheme assigning each one of the video codewords in the video data stream to one of a plurality of at least three priority levels according to the degree of utility of the type of data included in each video codeword for video tape recorder trick play operation, wherein the degree of utility of each one of the plurality of data types corresponds to the amount of decrease in the quality of the image portions that can be generated from the video codewords included in the reduced rate data stream that results when the codewords of the one of the plurality of data types is omitted from the reduced rate data stream, wherein data of a type required to generate recognizable portions of video images during video tape recorder trick playback operation are of a higher degree of utility than data of a type that has little impact on the quality of image portions generated during video tape recorder trick playback operation, the trick play data prioritizer including an output for outputting the video codewords and a trick play priority level signal.

32. The device of claim 31, further comprising:

a video encoder coupled to the trick play data prioritizer for receiving video signals and for encoding the video signals into the digital video data stream; and

a video transport packetizer coupled to the trick play data prioritizer, the video transport packetizer for receiving the video codewords and the trick play priority level signal output by the trick play data prioritizer and for arranging the video codewords into video packets, each video packet containing at least one video codeword, the assigned trick play priority level of the at least one video codeword being identified by a packet header associated with the at least one video codeword.

33. The device of claim 32, further comprising:

an audio encoder for receiving audio signals and for encoding the audio signals into audio data packets;

a multiplexer coupled to the video transport packetizer and the audio encoder, the multiplexer for receiving the video packets output by the video transport prioritizer and the audio packets output by the audio encoder, and for arranging the video data packets and the audio data packets into a plurality of transport data packets; and

a channel modulator coupled to the multiplexer, the modulator receiving the plurality of transport data packets and modulating the plurality of transport data packets for data transmission.

34. A method for encoding video data for use by a digital video tape recorder capable of normal play operation and trick play operation, the method comprising the steps of:

receiving video data;

encoding the received video data into a first set of encoded video data intended for use by the digital video tape recorder during normal play operation; and

encoding the received video data into a second set of encoded video data including luminance and chrominance information, that is intended for use by the digital video tape recorder for image reproduction only during video tape recorder trick play operation, said second set of encoded video data including encoded video data that is different from said first set of encoded video data.

35. The method of claim 34,

wherein the step of encoding the received video data into a first set of encoded video data includes the step of encoding the received video data into a plurality of series of inter-frame coded video frames, each series of inter-frame coded video frames including a preselected fixed number of inter-frame coded video frames;

wherein the step of encoding the received video data into a second set of encoded video data includes the step of encoding the received video data into a plurality of fully intra-frame coded video frames, one fully intra-frame coded video frame being generated for each series of inter-frame coded video frames generated by encoding the received video data into said first set of encoded video data; and

wherein the second set of encoded video data is smaller than said first set of encoded video data.

36. The method of claim 35, wherein the same received video data used to generate a series of inter-frame coded video frames, included in the first set of encoded video data, is also used to generate a fully intra-frame coded video frame included in the second set of encoded video data.

37. The method of claim 34,

wherein the step of encoding the received video data into a first set of encoded video data includes the step of encoding the received video data into a plurality of interfield coded video images and a first plurality of intra-field coded video images;

and

wherein the step of encoding the received video data into a second set of encoded video data includes the step of encoding the received video data into a second plurality of intra-field coded video images, separate from said first set of intra-field coded video images, one of said second plurality of intra-field coded video images being generated for every M inter-field coded images of said first set of encoded video data.

38. The method of claim 34,

wherein the step of encoding the received video data into a first set of encoded video data includes the step of encoding the received video data into a first set of inter-frame coded images including motion vectors and prediction error data;

and

wherein the step of encoding the received video data into a second set of encoded video data includes the step of encoding the received video data into a second set of inter-frame coded images, separate from said first set of inter-frame images, consisting of motion vectors, one motion vector being generated for each M inter-frame coded images of the first set of inter-frame coded images, wherein M is an integer.

39. The method of claim 38,

wherein the step of encoding the received video data into a first set of encoded video data includes the step of encoding the received video data into a first set of inter-field coded images including motion vectors and prediction error data;

and

wherein the step of encoding the received video data into a second set of encoded video data includes the step of encoding the received video data into a second set of inter-field coded images, separate from said first set of inter-field coded images, consisting of motion vectors, one motion vector being generated for each M inter-field coded images of the first set of inter-field coded images, wherein M is an integer.