System for treating patients with anxiety disorders

• US 5,807,114 A
• Filed: 03/27/1996
• Issued: 09/15/1998
• Est. Priority Date: 03/27/1996
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Emory University, Georgia Tech Research Corporation (University System of Georgia)
• Original Assignee: Georgia Tech Research Corporation (University System of Georgia)
• Inventors: Rothbaum, Barbara O., Hodges, Larry F.
• Primary Examiner(s): Apley, Richard J.
• Assistant Examiner(s): ROVNAK, JOHN EDMUND
• Application Number:
  US08/622,756
• Time in Patent Office: 902 Days
• Field of Search: 434/236, 434/29, 434/30, 434/35, 434/36, 434/38, 434/41, 434/43, 434/44, 434/46, 434/48, 434/49, 434/50, 434/51, 434/55, 434/59, 434/69, 434/219, 434/220, 434/226, 434/307 R, 434/308 , 434/309, 434/310, 434/314, 434/322, 434/323, 434/324, 364/578, 472/59, 472/60, 472/61, 472/64, 472/65, 472/68
• US Class Current: 434/236
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2021/0027 by the hearing sense
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2021/0033 subsonic
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2021/005 images, e.g. video
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 21/00 Other devices or methods to cause a change in the state of consciousness; Devices for producing or ending sleep by mechanical, optical, or acoustical means, e.g. for hypnosis

Abstract

A virtual reality system provides effective exposure treatment for psychiatric patients suffering from a particular anxiety disorder. The system is characterized by a video screen disposed in front of the patient to display an image of a specific graphical environment that is intended to trigger anxiety within the patient as a result of the particular patient phobia. A headset is worn by the patient, and has sensors disposed to detect movement and positioning of the patient'"'"'s head. A computer program controls the operation of the system, and is designed to control the display of the graphical environment on the video screen, monitor the headset sensors and determine the position of the patient'"'"'s head, and controllably manipulate the graphical environment displayed on the video screen to reflect the movement and position of the patient'"'"'s head. In a preferred embodiment, a sensor is provided to automatically detect a level of patient anxiety, and the computer program is designed to monitor this sensor and controllably manipulate the graphical environment displayed on the video screen in response thereto. In other embodiments, sound and tactile feedback are provided to further enhance the graphic emulation.

Claims

1. A virtual reality system for treating patients with a fear of flying, comprising:

a video screen for displaying a graphical environment, the graphical environment emulating the interior of an airplane including a window and a view out of the window;

a speaker for delivering sound, the sound being logically related to the graphical environment;

an automatic anxiety sensor for sensing a level of patient anxiety;

a headset worn by the patient, the headset having sensors disposed to detect movement and positioning of the patient'"'"'s head; and

a computer for controlling the display of the graphical environment on the video screen and the sound delivered from the speaker, the computer responsive to both the position of the headset and the level of patient anxiety sensed by the automatic anxiety sensor to affect the graphical environment displayed.

2. The system defined in claim 1, further including a seat for supporting the patient in a seated position.

3. The system defined in claim 2, further including means for moving the seat, the moving means being controlled by the computer to move in a logically related manner to the contemporaneously displayed graphical environment.

4. The system defined in claim 3, wherein the moving means is operative to tilt the seat back, contemporaneously with the graphical environment displaying a flight takeoff.

5. The system defined in claim 3, wherein the computer is responsive to concertedly vary the intensity of the graphical environment, sound, and moving means in response to the level of patient anxiety, as detected by the automatic anxiety sensor.

6. The system defined in claim 1, wherein the computer comprises a computer readable storage medium containing executable code for controlling the operation of said system.

30. The virtual reality system as defined in claim 1, wherein said automatic anxiety sensor includes one or more sensors disposed to sense a physiological parameter of the patient, each said sensor selected from the group consisting of a pulse rate sensor, a blood pressure sensor, or an electrodermal sensor for detecting the level of perspiration on the patient'"'"'s skin.

7. A virtual reality system for treating patients with a particular phobia, comprising:

a video screen for displaying a graphical environment, the graphical environment being one composed to trigger patient anxiety in response to the particular phobia;

a headset worn by the patient, the headset having sensors disposed to detect movement and positioning of the patient'"'"'s head;

an automatic anxiety sensor for measuring a level of patient anxiety; and

a computer program for controlling the operation of the system including the steps of;

displaying the graphical environment on the video screen;

monitoring the headset sensors and determining the position of the patient'"'"'s head;

controllably manipulating the graphical environment displayed on the video screen to reflect the movement and position of the patient'"'"'s head; and

monitoring the level of patient anxiety measured by the automatic anxiety sensor and controllably manipulating the graphical environment displayed on the video screen in response thereto.

8. The virtual reality system as defined in claim 7, wherein the particular phobia is acrophobia.

9. The virtual reality system as defined in claim 8, wherein the graphical environment includes an elevator and a surrounding scene.

10. The virtual reality system as defined in claim 9, wherein the step of controllably manipulating the graphical environment in response to the level of patient anxiety detected, includes altering the graphical scene to emulate a change in height of the elevator.

11. The virtual reality system as defined in claim 10, wherein the graphical environment is manipulated to emulate increasing heights until a predetermined level of patient anxiety is detected, and thereafter the graphical environment is manipulated to emulate a substantially constant height until a predetermined condition is met.

12. The virtual reality system as defined in claim 11, wherein the predetermined condition is a predetermined period of time.

13. The virtual reality system as defined in claim 11, wherein the predetermined condition is a predetermined level of anxiety reduction.

14. The virtual reality system as defined in claim 10, wherein the graphical environment is manipulated to emulate decreasing heights in response to an excessive level of patient anxiety detected, the manipulation designed to continue until a predetermined condition is met.

15. The virtual reality system as defined in claim 8, wherein the graphical environment includes a balcony at a first height and a surrounding scene.

16. The virtual reality system as defined in claim 15, wherein the step of controllably manipulating the graphical environment in response to the level of patient anxiety detected, includes altering the-graphical scene to emulate a balcony of a differing height.

17. The virtual reality system as defined in claim 16, wherein the graphical environment is manipulated to emulate a balcony at increasing heights until a predetermined level of patient anxiety is detected, and thereafter the graphical environment is manipulated to emulate a balcony at a substantially constant height until a predetermined condition is met.

18. The virtual reality system as defined in claim 8, wherein the graphical environment includes a bridge and a surrounding scene.

19. The virtual reality system as defined in claim 18, wherein the step of controllably manipulating the graphical environment in response to the level of patient anxiety detected, includes altering the graphical scene to emulate a differing height of the bridge.

20. The virtual reality system as defined in claim 8, wherein the graphical environment includes the interior seat on an airplane, with a view out a window.

21. The virtual reality system as defined in claim 7, wherein the video screen is disposed on a head mounted apparatus, worn by the patient.

22. The virtual reality system as defined in claim 7, further including a speaker for generating sound that is logically related to the graphical environment displayed on the video screen.

23. The virtual reality system as defined in claim 22, wherein the computer program further includes the step of controllably manipulating the speaker to generate sounds that are logically associated with the graphical environment displayed on the video screen.

24. The virtual reality system as defined in claim 20, further including a speaker for generating sound and wherein the computer program further includes the step of controllably manipulating the speaker to generate sounds that emulate airplane engine sounds.

25. The virtual reality system as defined in claim 24, wherein the step of controllably manipulating the speaker includes manipulating the speaker to vary the intensity of the engine sound in connection with emulated movement of the graphical scene displayed on the video screen.

26. The virtual reality system as defined in claim 25, further including a seat for the patient and means associated with the seat for moving the seat in a manner logically associated with the graphical image being displayed on the video screen.

27. The virtual reality system as defined in claim 26, wherein the computer program further includes the step of controlling the movement of the seat.

28. The virtual reality system as defined in claim 7, further including a tactile means for providing tactile feedback to the patient.

31. The virtual reality system as defined in claim 7, wherein said automatic anxiety sensor includes one or more sensors disposed to measure a physiological parameter of the patient, each said sensor selected from the group consisting of a pulse rate sensor, a blood pressure sensor, or an electrodermal sensor for detecting the level of perspiration on the patient'"'"'s skin.

29. A virtual reality system for treating patients with a fear of flying, comprising:

a video screen for displaying a graphical environment, the graphical environment emulating the interior of an airplane including a window and a view out of the window;

a speaker for delivering sound, the sound being logically related to the graphical environment;

a headset worn by the patient, the headset having sensors disposed to detect movement and positioning of the patient'"'"'s head;

an automatic anxiety sensor for measuring the anxiety level of the patient; and

a computer program for controlling the operation of the system including the steps of;

displaying the graphical environment on the video screen;

monitoring the headset sensors and determining the position of the patient'"'"'s head;

controllably manipulating the graphical environment displayed on the video screen to reflect the movement and position of the patient'"'"'s head and in response to the measured patient anxiety level; and

controllably manipulating the sound generated by the speaker in a manner logically associated with the graphical environment displayed on the video screen in response thereto.