Safety penetrating instrument with protective sheath, triggered penetrating member retraction and single and safety member protrusion

• US 5,807,402 A
• Filed: 07/07/1997
• Issued: 09/15/1998
• Est. Priority Date: 12/18/1990
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Inbae Yoon
• Original Assignee: Inbae Yoon
• Inventors: Yoon, InBae
• Primary Examiner(s): Tucker, Guy V.
• Application Number:
  US08/889,167
• Time in Patent Office: 435 Days
• Field of Search: 606/167, 606/171, 606/185, 604/95, 604/158, 604/162, 604/163, 604/164, 604/165, 604/170, 604/272, 604/274, 604/280, 604/169, 128/751, 128/752, 128/753, 128/754
• US Class Current: 606/185
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 10/0233 Pointed or sharp biopsy instruments
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/3417 Details of tips or shafts, e.g. grooves, expandable, bendable; Multiple coaxial sliding cannulas, e.g. for dilating syringe needles A61M5/32; dilators A61M29/00
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/3474 Insufflating needles, e.g. Veress needles
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/3496 Protecting sleeves or inner probes; Retractable tips for protecting body piercing guide needles A61M25/0612
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/3498 Valves therefor, e.g. flapper valves, slide valves haemostasis valves A61M39/06; check valves A61M39/24
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2017/32004 having a laterally movable cutting member at its most distal end which remains within the contours of said end
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2017/349 Trocar with thread on outside
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2090/08021 of the patient or his organs

Abstract

A safety penetrating instrument for establishing a portal in a wall of an anatomical cavity includes a cannula, a penetrating member disposed in the cannula, a protective sheath disposed between the penetrating member and the cannula to place the tip of the penetrating member in a protected, non-exposed state, and various mechanisms for simultaneously retracting one or both of the penetrating member and the protective sheath while extending the cannula. Retraction of one or both of the penetrating member and the protective sheath and extension or protrusion of the cannula is triggered individually or in combination by movement of one or more of the three members upon entering the anatomical cavity. Additionally, a probe can be carried by the safety penetrating instrument for triggering retraction and/or extension of the members in a similar manner or upon moving a predetermined proximal distance during penetration of the anatomical cavity wall.

Claims

1. A safety penetrating instrument for establishing a portal in a wall of an anatomical cavity comprising

a housing;

a cannula mounted by said housing and having a distal end for positioning within the anatomical cavity, a proximal end for positioning externally of the anatomical cavity wall and a lumen extending between said distal and proximal ends of said cannula;

a penetrating member disposed in said cannula and having a distal end for penetrating the anatomical cavity wall;

a protective sheath disposed between said penetrating member and said cannula;

retracting means for moving said penetrating member proximally relative to said housing from a penetrating member extended position to a penetrating member retracted position;

extending means for moving said cannula distally relative to said housing from a cannula retracted position exposing said penetrating member distal end to a cannula extended position protecting said penetrating member distal end;

locking means for locking said penetrating member in said penetrating member extended position and said cannula in said cannula retracted position to prevent distal movement of said cannula relative to said housing beyond said cannula retracted position; and

releasing means responsive to entry of said safety penetrating instrument into the anatomical cavity for triggering release of said locking means to permit said retracting means to move said penetrating member proximally relative to said housing from said penetrating member extended position to said penetrating member retracted position and to permit said extending means to move said cannula distally relative to said housing from said cannula retracted position to said cannula extended position to cover and protect said distal end of said penetrating member.

2. A safety penetrating instrument as recited in claim 1 wherein said penetrating member distal end includes a tapered portion and further comprising bias means for biasing said cannula, said penetrating member and said protective sheath distally during penetration to maintain alignment of said distal ends of said cannula and said protective sheath with a proximal end of said tapered portion of said penetrating member.

3. A safety penetrating instrument as recited in claim 1 wherein said retracting means includes means for moving said penetrating member and said protective sheath proximally relative to said housing from respective extended positions to respective retracted positions, said locking means includes means for locking said penetrating member and said protective sheath in said respective extended positions, and said releasing means includes means responsive to entry of said safety penetrating instrument into the anatomical cavity for triggering release of said locking means to permit said retracting means to move said penetrating member and said protective sheath proximally relative to said housing from said respective extended positions to said respective retracted positions and to permit said extending means to move said cannula distally relative to said housing from said cannula retracted position to said cannula extended position to cover and protect said distal end of said penetrating member.

4. A safety penetrating instrument as recited in claim 3 wherein said locking means includes a first latch engaging said cannula to prevent extension thereof and a second latch engaging said penetrating member and said protective sheath to prevent retraction thereof and wherein said releasing means includes a first trigger responsive to entry of said cannula into the anatomical cavity to release said first latch and a second trigger responsive to entry of at least one of said penetrating member and said protective sheath to release said second latch.

5. A safety penetrating instrument for establishing a portal in a wall of an anatomical cavity comprising

a housing;

a cannula mounted by said housing and having a distal end for positioning within the anatomical cavity, a proximal end for positioning externally of the anatomical cavity wall and a lumen extending between said distal and proximal ends of said cannula;

a penetrating member disposed in said cannula and having a distal end for penetrating the anatomical cavity wall;

retracting means for moving said penetrating member proximally relative to said housing from a penetrating member extended position to a penetrating member retracted position;

a protective sheath disposed proximate said penetrating member to cover said penetrating member distal end when said penetrating member is in said penetrating member retracted position;

extending means for moving said cannula distally relative to said housing from a cannula retracted position to a cannula extended position protecting said distal end of said penetrating member;

locking means for locking said penetrating member in said penetrating member extended position and said cannula in said cannula retracted position to prevent distal movement of said cannula relative to said housing beyond said cannula retracted position; and

releasing means responsive to entry of said safety penetrating instrument into the anatomical cavity for triggering release of said locking means to permit said retracting means to move said penetrating member proximally relative to said housing from said penetrating member extended position to said penetrating member retracted position and to permit said extending means to move said cannula distally relative to said housing from said cannula retracted position to said cannula extended position to protect said distal end of said penetrating member within the anatomical cavity.

6. A safety penetrating instrument as recited in claim 5 wherein said penetrating member includes a proximal end and said protective sheath includes a proximal end and further comprising a housing mounting said proximal end of said cannula and a hub mounting said proximal ends of said penetrating member and said protective sheath.

7. A safety penetrating instrument as recited in claim 6 wherein said releasing means is responsive to entry of said protective sheath into the anatomical cavity.

8. A safety penetrating instrument as recited in claim 6 wherein said releasing means is responsive to entry of said cannula into the anatomical cavity.

9. A safety penetrating instrument as recited in claim 6 wherein said releasing means is responsive to entry of said penetrating member into the anatomical cavity.

10. A safety penetrating instrument as recited in claim 6 wherein said releasing means is responsive to entry of said protective sheath and cannula into the anatomical cavity.

11. A safety penetrating instrument as recited in claim 6 wherein said releasing means is responsive to entry of said protective sheath and penetrating member into the anatomical cavity.

12. A safety penetrating instrument as recited in claim 6 wherein said releasing means is responsive to entry of said cannula and penetrating member into the anatomical cavity.

13. A safety penetrating instrument as recited in claim 6 wherein said releasing means is responsive to entry of said protective sheath, cannula and penetrating member into the anatomical cavity.