Remote universal send/receive utility usage data gathering system

• US 5,808,558 A
• Filed: 12/02/1996
• Issued: 09/15/1998
• Est. Priority Date: 09/29/1994
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: KEMP MEEK Manufacturing Incorporated
• Original Assignee: KEMP MEEK Manufacturing Incorporated
• Inventors: Sparks, J. Travis, Meek, Jean L.
• Primary Examiner(s): Horabik, Michael
• Assistant Examiner(s): Edwards, Jr., Timothy
• Application Number:
  US08/759,068
• Time in Patent Office: 652 Days
• Field of Search: 340/870.02, 340/870.03, 340/870.31, 340/825.72, 340/825.73, 340/870.01, 340/825.54, 343/741, 343/742, 343/788, 343/866, 343/867
• US Class Current: 340/870.01
• CPC Class Codes: G01D 4/002 Remote reading of utility meters
• CPC Class Codes: G01D 4/006 Remote reading of utility meters to a non-fixed location, i.e. mobile location
• CPC Class Codes: G01F 15/063 using electrical means
• CPC Class Codes: G06Q 50/06 Energy or water supply
• CPC Class Codes: G08C 17/04 using magnetically coupled devices
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 90/20 Smart grids as enabling technology in buildings sector smart grids supporting the management or operation of end-user stationary applications in general, or like technologies with no associated climate change mitigation effect Y04S20/00
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 20/30 Smart metering, e.g. specially adapted for remote reading

Abstract

A universal utility usage data gathering system that is capable of operating with any other remote data gathering system, regardless of protocol, such as a standard Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition (SCADA) system or an Automatic Meter Reading (AMR) system is disclosed. The universal system comprises of three major portions. One--the universal transponder or actual device that accumulates utility usage and will universally relay accumulated usage to any remote reader/interrogator system. Two--a Meter Interface Unit, which interfaces between the universal transponder and the remote data gathering system. Three--a universal data reader system, which will universally read its own transponder or any other transponder over the remote data gathering system and can take the form of a stand-alone system or be incorporated into the software of the main-frame controlling the remote data gathering system. The universal transponder is based on standard micro-electronic chips; whereas, if a stand alone data reader is used, then it uses the same chips and logic as does the transponder. Each portion of the system, when polled by any remote data gathering system, will determine what communication protocol is required and will respond to collect or transmit utility usage data in the proper protocol.

Claims

1. A universal send/receive utility usage data gathering system having a transponder unit and a reader/interrogator unit, capable of passing radiated electromagnetic signals between each other, comprising:

a) a multiple-tapped antenna system, adapted to pass electromagnetic signals, having a first set of multiple windings within the transponder unit and having a second set of multiple windings within the reader/interrogator unit,

said first set of windings having a plurality of taps coupled thereto and being electrically selectable as to act as a transmit antenna, as to act as a receive antenna, or to act both as a receive and a transmit antenna,

said second set of windings having a plurality of taps coupled thereto and being electrically selectable as to act a transmit antenna or as to act as a receive antenna, said taps capable of independent selection;

and wherein,

a) the reader/interrogation unit comprises first means for generating a transponder interrogation signal and for storing a responsive data signal received from the transponder, said interrogation signal being selected by logic circuits within said reader/interrogation unit to match interrogation requirements of the transponder unit, said first means coupled to second means for selection and impedance matching of said second set of windings to act as a transmit antenna, said second means coupled to said plurality of taps within said second set of windings; and

further comprising third means for selection and impedance matching of said second set of windings to act as a receive antenna, said third means coupled to said plurality of taps within said second set of windings capable of programmed amplification and wave shaping of said received transponder data signal, and in communication with said first means in which said received transponder data signal is stored;

b) the transponder unit is coupled to said plurality of taps within said first set of windings, and comprises means for

selecting said transmit antenna winding, said receive antenna winding, or both,

receiving external pulses indicative of utility usage,

storing utility usage data,

receiving said interrogation signal,

responding to said interrogation signal with said responsive transponder data signal; and

further contains power storage means.

2. A method of operating a remote universal send/receive utility usage data gathering system having a "Pro linK" or foreign transponder unit, a meter interface unit, and a remote universal reader/interrogator unit, capable of passing signals between each other;

the transponder unit capable of generating internal software interrupts, responding to external usage pulse interrupts and interrogation signal interrupts, and providing transponder data streams;

the meter interface unit capable of communicating over a data system and interfacing the transponder data streams to the universal reader/interrogator unit;

the universal reader/interrogator unit capable of providing interrogation signals, responding to the transponder data streams, internally storing the transponder data streams, having means of providing a request read signal, and necessary communication ports or displays for transferring or reading stored transponder data streams;

comprising the reader/interrogator unit steps of;

a) waiting for the request read signal;

b) transmitting an interrogation signal to the transponder;

c) waiting for the transponder data stream;

d) determining the type of transponder and the corresponding pattern of interrogator unit response, and if the transponder is of the "Pro linK" type jumping to step (h), otherwise;

e) generating the required "Pro linK" or emulation protocol;

f) transmitting the emulated interrogation signal;

g) waiting for the transponder data stream response;

h) permanently storing the transponder data stream for later retrieval or display; and

i) returning to step (a).

3. The method of claim 2 wherein the remote universal reader/interrogator contains a protocol table and associated protocol flag comprising the additional interrogator unit steps for step (d):

d-1) if the transponder is of the "Pro linK" type, jumping to step (h), otherwise;

d-2) clocking the transponder data stream;

d-3) comparing the clocked transponder data stream to the protocol table to determine the type of transponder;

d-4) setting the protocol flag.

4. The method of claim 2 wherein step (d) is skipped and the following steps are added after step (g):

g-1) determining if the transponder data stream response is valid;

g-2) if the data stream is valid skipping to step (h);

g-3) if the data stream is invalid, clocking the transponder data stream;

g-4) comparing the clocked transponder data stream to the protocol table to determine the type of transponder;

g-5) setting the protocol flag;

g-6) skipping to step (e).

5. A method of operating a remote universal send/receive utility usage data gathering system having a foreign transponder unit, a meter interface unit, and a remote universal reader/interrogator unit, capable of passing signals between each other;

the foreign transponder unit capable of generating internal software interrupts, responding to external usage pulse interrupts and interrogation signal interrupts, and providing transponder data streams;

the meter interface unit capable of communicating over a data system and interfacing the transponder data streams to the universal reader/interrogator unit;

the universal reader/interrogator unit capable of providing interrogation signals, responding to the transponder data streams, internally storing the transponder data streams, and having means of providing a request read signal, a protocol table and associated protocol flag, and necessary communication ports or displays for transferring or reading stored transponder data streams;

comprising the reader/interrogator unit steps of;

a) waiting for the request read signal;

b) transmitting an interrogation signal to the foreign transponder;

c) waiting for the transponder data stream response;

d) determining if the transponder data stream response is valid;

e) if the data stream is valid, skipping to step (j);

f) if the data stream is invalid, clocking the transponder data stream;

g) comparing the clocked transponder data stream to the protocol table to determine the type of transponder;

h) generating required "Pro linK" or emulation protocol;

i) skipping to step (b);

j) permanently storing the transponder data stream for later retrieval or display; and

k) returning to step (a).

6. The method of claim 5 whereby the following step is added after step (g):

g-1) setting the protocol flag.

7. The method of claim 5 wherein the protocol table contains a combination of emulated and licensed protocol, whereby the licensed protocol will provide true protocol, and step (h) is replaced with the following step:

h-1) generating required emulation protocol or true protocol.

8. The method of claim 7 whereby the following step is added after step (g):

g-1) setting the protocol flag.

9. A method of operating a remote universal send/receive utility usage data gathering system having a "Pro linK" or foreign transponder unit and a remote universal reader/interrogator unit, capable of passing signals between each other over data transmission means;

the transponder unit capable of generating internal software interrupts, responding to external usage pulse interrupts and interrogation signal interrupts, and providing transponder data streams in a form that may be readily transmitted over the data transmission means;

the universal reader/interrogator unit capable of providing interrogation signals, responding to the transponder data streams, internally storing the transponder data streams, and having means of providing a request read signal, a protocol table and associated protocol flag, and necessary communication ports or displays for transferring or reading stored transponder data streams;

comprising the reader/interrogator unit steps of;

a) waiting for the request read signal;

b) transmitting an interrogation signal to the transponder;

c) waiting for the transponder data stream response;

d) determining if the transponder data stream response is valid;

e) if the data stream is valid, skipping to step (j);

f) if the data stream is invalid, clocking the transponder data stream;

g) comparing the clocked transponder data stream to the protocol table to determine the type of transponder;

h) generating the "Pro linK" or required emulation protocol;

i) skipping to step (b);

j) permanently storing the transponder data stream for later retrieval or display; and

k) returning to step (a).

10. The method of claim 9 whereby the following step is added after step (g):

g-1) setting the protocol flag.

11. The method of claim 9 wherein the protocol table contains a combination of emulated and licensed protocol, whereby the licensed protocol will provide true protocol, and step (h) is replaced with the following step:

h-1) generating required true protocol or required emulation protocol.

12. The method of claim 11 whereby the following step is added after step (g):

g-1) setting the protocol flag.

13. A method of operating a remote universal send/receive utility usage data gathering system having a foreign transponder unit and a remote universal reader/interrogator unit, capable of passing signals between each other over data transmission means;

the foreign transponder unit capable of generating internal software interrupts, responding to external usage pulse interrupts and interrogation signal interrupts, and providing transponder data streams in a form that may be readily transmitted over the data transmission means;

the universal reader/interrogator unit capable of providing interrogation signals, responding to the transponder data streams, internally storing the transponder data streams, and having means of providing a request read signal, a protocol table and associated protocol flag, and necessary communication ports or displays for transferring or reading stored transponder data streams;

comprising the reader/interrogator unit steps of;

a) waiting for the request read signal;

b) transmitting an interrogation signal to the foreign transponder;

c) waiting for the transponder data stream response;

d) determining if the transponder data stream response is valid;

e) if the data stream is valid, skipping to step (j);

f) if the data stream is invalid, clocking the transponder data stream;

g) comparing the clocked transponder data stream to the protocol table to determine the type of transponder;

h) generating required emulation protocol;

i) skipping to step (b);

j) permanently storing the transponder data stream for later retrieval or display; and

k) returning to step (a).

14. The method of claim 13 whereby the following step is added after step (g):

g-1) setting the protocol flag.

15. The method of claim 13 wherein the protocol table contains a combination of emulated and licensed protocol, whereby the licensed protocol will provide true protocol, and step (h) is replaced with the following step:

h-1) generating required emulation protocol or true protocol.

16. The method of claim 15 whereby the following step is added after step (g):

g-1) setting the protocol flag.

17. A method of operating a remote universal send/receive utility usage data gathering system having a transponder unit and a remote reader/interrogator unit, capable of passing data signals between each other over data transmission means:

the transponder unit capable of generating internal software interrupts, responding to external usage pulse interrupts and interrogation signal interrupts, and providing transponder data streams in a form that may be readily transmitted over the data transmission means;

having an internal clock, a tamper signal, a leak detection algorithm, a pulse and usage counter, a stored serial number, and internal flags;

the interrogator unit capable of providing an interrogation signal, responding to the transponder data streams, internally storing the transponder data stream and responding to software and hardware interrupts;

having internal means to request a read of the remote transponder, received data display and storage means, and flags;

comprising the transponder unit steps of;

a) listening for an interrupt in a low powered quiescent mode;

b) recognizing an interrupt;

c) waking up to logically process the interrupt;

d) determining the form of the interrupt, and,

if the interrupt is a software interrupt, then jumping to step (e);

if the interrupt is an external interrupt, then jumping to step (h);

e) incrementing the internal clock every four hours;

f) checking for tamper and leakage, and

if the tamper signal is present, then setting a tamper flag;

if leakage is detected, then setting the leak flag;

g) returning to step (a);

h) determining the type of external interrupt, and

if the interrupt is an external usage input, then jumping to step (i);

if the interrupt is an external interrogation signal then jumping to step (m);

i) arming the usage detection circuit;

j) awaiting the usage pulse;

k) processing and storing the pulse count in the usage counter, and

l) returning to step (a);

m) synchronizing to the interrogation signal;

n) counting the pulse content of the interrogation signal;

o) determining the type of interrogator;

p) setting the emulation response to match the type of interrogator;

q) polling the usage counter and serial number;

r) converting usage count and serial number to a matched emulation data stream;

s) transmitting the matched emulated transponder data stream;

t) resetting software and flags; and

u) returning to step (a).

18. The method of claim 17 wherein the transponder is capable of using the "Pro linK" protocol and wherein the following step is added after step (o):

o-1) if the interrogator is of the "Pro linK" type, jumping to step (v);

changing step (p) to the following step;

p-1) if the interrogator is not of the "Pro linK" type, setting the emulation response to match the type of interrogator;

adding the following steps after step (u);

v) polling the usage counter, serial number, leakage detector, tamper detector, and other system parameters as provided by the transponder;

w) converting usage count, serial number, leakage detector, tamper detector, and other system parameters to the "Pro linK" protocol data stream;

x) transmitting the transponder data stream in "Pro linK" protocol; and

y) jumping to step (t).

19. The method of claim 17 wherein the transponder is using a licensed foreign manufacturer'"'"'s protocol, whereby the licensed protocol will provide true protocol and wherein the following step is added after step (o):

o-1) if the interrogator is using licensed protocol, jumping to step (v);

and adding the following steps after step (u);

v) polling the usage counter, serial number, tamper detector, and other system parameters that the licensed protocol provides;

w) converting usage count, serial number, tamper detector, and system parameters to the licensed protocol data stream;

x) transmitting the transponder data stream in licensed protocol; and

y) jumping to step (t).

20. The method of claim 17 wherein the transponder is capable of using "Pro linK" protocol, unlicensed (emulated) protocols and licensed protocols, whereby any of the licensed protocols will provide true protocol and wherein the following steps are added after step (o):

o-1) if the interrogator is using licensed protocol, jumping to step (v);

o-2) if the interrogator is using "Pro linK" protocol, jumping to step (z);

changing step (p) to read;

p-1) if the interrogator is not using licensed protocol, setting the emulation response to match the type of interrogator;

and adding the following steps after step (u);

v) polling the usage counter, serial number, tamper detector, and other system parameters that the licensed protocol provides;

w) converting usage count, serial number, tamper detector, and system parameters to the licensed protocol data stream;

x) transmitting the transponder data stream in licensed protocol;

y) jumping to step (t);

z) polling the usage counter, serial number, leakage detector, tamper detector, and other system parameters as provided by the transponder;

aa) converting usage count, serial number, leakage detector, tamper detector, and system parameters to the "Pro linK" protocol data stream;

bb) transmitting the transponder data stream in "Pro linK" protocol; and

cc) jumping to step (t).

21. A method of operating a remote universal send/receive utility usage data gathering system having a transponder unit, a meter interface unit, and a remote reader/interrogator unit, capable of passing signals between each other over data transmission means:

the transponder unit capable of generating internal software interrupts, responding to external usage pulse interrupts and interrogation signal interrupts, and providing transponder data streams;

having an internal clock, a tamper signal, a leak detection algorithm, a pulse and usage counter, a stored serial number, and internal flags;

the meter interface unit capable of converting the transponder data to a data format that may be readily transmitted over a data transmission system;

the interrogator unit capable of providing an interrogation signal, responding to the transponder data streams, internally storing the transponder data streams and responding to software and hardware interrupts;

having internal means to request a read of the remote transponder, received data display and storage means, and flags;

comprising the transponder unit steps of;

a) listening for an interrupt in a low powered quiescent mode;

b) recognizing an interrupt;

c) waking up to logically process the interrupt;

d) determining the form of the interrupt, and,

if the interrupt is a software interrupt, then jumping to step (e);

if the interrupt is an external interrupt, then jumping to step (h);

e) incrementing the internal clock every four hours;

f) checking for tamper and leakage, and

if the tamper signal is present, then setting a tamper flag;

if leakage is detected, then setting the leak flag;

g) returning to step (a);

h) determining the type of external interrupt, and

if the interrupt is an external usage input, then jumping to step (i);

if the interrupt is an external interrogation signal then jumping to step (m);

i) arming the usage detection circuit;

j) awaiting the usage pulse;

k) processing and storing the pulse count in the usage counter, and

l) returning to step (a);

m) synchronizing to the interrogation signal;

n) counting the pulse content of the interrogation signal;

o) determining the type of interrogator;

p) setting the emulation response to match the type of interrogator;

q) polling the usage counter and serial number;

r) converting usage count and serial number to a matched emulation data stream;

s) transmitting the matched emulated transponder data stream;

t) resetting software and flags; and

u) returning to step (a).

22. The method of claim 21 wherein the transponder is capable of using the "Pro linK" protocol and wherein the following step is added after step (o):

o-1) if the interrogator is of the "Pro linK" type, jumping to step (v);

changing step (p) to the following step;

p-1) if the interrogator is not of the "Pro linK" type, setting the emulation response to match the type of interrogator;

adding the following steps after step (u);

v) polling the usage counter, serial number, leakage detector, tamper detector, and other system parameters as provided by the transponder;

w) converting usage count, serial number, leakage detector, tamper detector, and other system parameters to the "Pro linK" protocol data stream;

x) transmitting the transponder data stream in "Pro linK" protocol; and

y) jumping to step (t).

23. The method of claim 21 wherein the transponder is using a licensed foreign manufacturer'"'"'s protocol, whereby the licensed protocol will provide true protocol and wherein the following step is added after step (o):

o-1) if the interrogator is using licensed protocol, jumping to step (v);

and adding the following steps after step (u);

v) polling the usage counter, serial number, tamper detector, and other system parameters that the licensed protocol provides;

w) converting usage count, serial number, tamper detector, and system parameters to the licensed protocol data stream;

x) transmitting the transponder data stream in licensed protocol; and

y) jumping to step (t).

24. The method of claim 21 wherein the transponder is capable of using "Pro linK" protocol, unlicensed (emulated) protocols and licensed protocols, whereby any of the licensed protocols will provide true protocol and wherein the following steps are added after step (o):

o-1) if the interrogator is using licensed protocol, jumping to step (v);

o-2) if the interrogator is using "Pro linK" protocol, jumping to step (z);

changing step (p) to read;

p-1) if the interrogator is not using licensed protocol, setting the emulation response to match the type of interrogator;

and adding the following steps after step (u);

v) polling the usage counter, serial number, tamper detector, and other system parameters that the licensed protocol provides;

w) converting usage count, serial number, tamper detector, and system parameters to the licensed protocol data stream;

x) transmitting the transponder data stream in licensed protocol;

y) jumping to step (t);

z) polling the usage counter, serial number, leakage detector, tamper detector, and other system parameters as provided by the transponder;

aa) converting usage count, serial number, leakage detector, tamper detector, and system parameters to the "Pro link" protocol data stream;

bb) transmitting the transponder data stream in "Pro link" protocol; and

cc)jumping to step (t).