Bootstrap line power supply regulator with no filter capacitor

• US 5,818,209 A
• Filed: 06/27/1996
• Issued: 10/06/1998
• Est. Priority Date: 06/30/1995
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: SGS-Thomson Microelectronics, S.R.L. (STMicroelectronics NV)
• Original Assignee: SGS-Thomson Microelectronics (STMicroelectronics NV)
• Inventors: Storti, Sandro, Masini, Marco, Boiocchi, Stefania
• Primary Examiner(s): Wong, Peter S.
• Assistant Examiner(s): JARDIEU, DEREK
• Application Number:
  US08/672,234
• Time in Patent Office: 831 Days
• Field of Search: 323/224, 323/225, 323/284, 323/285, 323/289, 327/374-377
• US Class Current: 323/289
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 3/2171 with field-effect devices H03F3/2173 - H03F3/2178 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H03K 17/04206 in field-effect transistor switches
• CPC Class Codes: H03K 17/063 in field-effect transistor switches

Abstract

A power supply regulator comprising a regulated-voltage source; a buffer connected to the voltage source; and a diode connected to the output of the buffer. A bootstrap capacitor is located between the diode and the output of a power stage; and the output of the power stage is switched between a low and a high value by a digital signal also supplied to the input of the buffer which therefore generates a switched regulated output voltage varying between a first value equal to the regulated voltage and a second lower value. The switched regulated voltage switches from the first to the second value before the output of the power stage switches to high, thus immediately disabling the diode and preventing current spikes due to minority carriers in the diode from being transmitted to the regulated-voltage source. The switched regulated voltage switches from the second to the first value before the output of the power stage switches to low, to permit charging of the bootstrap capacitor to the regulated voltage when the output is low.

Claims

1. A bootstrap line power supply regulator comprising:

a regulated voltage source having a regulated-voltage node;

a bootstrap line having a supply node and a reference node, said reference node being at a reference voltage switchable between a first value and a second value, said first value being lower than said second value;

a unipolar switch interposed between said regulated-voltage node and said supply node; and

generating means for generating a turn-off signal for turning off said unipolar switch before each switching of said reference voltage from said first value to said second value, and for generating a turn-on signal for turning on said unipolar switch each time said reference voltage switches from said second to said first value.

2. The power supply regulator of claim 1, wherein:

said bootstrap line includes a bootstrap capacitor interposed between said supply node and said reference node;

said unipolar switch includes a diode having an anode coupled to said generating means and a cathode coupled to said supply node; and

the power supply regulator further comprises a power stage having first and second power transistors, the first power transistor being coupled between a supply voltage line and said reference node and the second power transistor being coupled between a ground line and said reference node.

3. The power supply regulator of claim 1, further comprising a drive stage having an input supplied with a digital control signal, and an output coupled to said reference node, and wherein said generating means includes a buffer amplifier having an input coupled to said input of said drive stage, an output coupled to said unipolar switch, and at least one bias terminal coupled to said regulated-voltage node.

4. The power supply regulator of claim 1, wherein said generating means comprises supply switching means, interposed between said regulated-voltage node and said unipolar switch, for generating a switched regulated voltage that varies between a first level equal to said regulated voltage, and a second level lower than said first level.

5. The power supply regulator of claim 4, further comprising a drive stage having an input supplied with a digital control signal, and an output coupled to said reference node, and wherein said generating means includes a buffer amplifier having an input coupled to said input of said drive stage, an output coupled to said unipolar switch, and at least one bias terminal coupled to said regulated-voltage node.

6. The power supply regulator of claim 5, wherein said buffer amplifier includes an input buffer having an input coupled to the input of the drive stage and an output, and an inverter having an input coupled to the output of said input buffer and an output coupled to the unipolar switch.

7. The power supply regulator of claim 6, wherein:

said bootstrap line includes a bootstrap capacitor interposed between said supply node and said reference node;

said unipolar switch includes a diode having an anode coupled to said generating means and a cathode coupled to said supply node; and

the power supply regulator further comprises a power stage having first and second power transistors, the first power transistor being coupled between a supply voltage line and said reference node and the second power transistor being coupled between a ground line and said reference node.

8. The power supply regulator of claim 1 wherein the generating means generates said turn-off signal and said turn-on signal in response to receipt of a control signal having a first value and a second value, respectively.

9. The power supply regulator of claim 8 wherein the first value of the control signal is higher than the second value of the control signal, and said reference voltage is switched to its second value in response to said control signal changing from its second value to its first value.

10. In a power supply regulator having a first input that receives an input voltage having an input voltage value, a second input that receives a control signal and an output that provides an output voltage having one of a first output voltage value and a second output voltage value in response to a value of the control signal, the second output voltage value being greater than the first output voltage value and the input voltage value, an isolation circuit comprising:

a first input coupled to the first input of the power supply regulator to receive the input voltage;

a second input coupled to the second input of the power supply regulator to receive the control signal; and

a switching circuit, coupled to the first and second inputs of the isolation circuit, that electrically isolates the input of the power supply from transient signals generated by the power supply regulator when the output voltage switches from the first output voltage value to the second output voltage value.

11. The isolation circuit of claim 10, wherein the switching circuit is arranged to, in response to a change in the value of the control signal, switch from the first operational state to the second operational state before the output voltage at the output of the power supply regulator switches from the first voltage value to the second voltage value in response to the change in the value of the control signal.

12. The isolation circuit of claim 10, in combination with the power supply regulator.

13. The combination of claim 12, in combination with a voltage source having an output coupled to the first input of the power supply regulator to provide the input voltage.

14. The isolation circuit of claim 10, wherein the switching circuit further includes an output and is arranged to operate in one of a first and a second operational state in response to the value of the control signal, wherein in the first operational state, the output of the switching circuit is coupled to the first input of the isolation circuit so that the voltage at the output of the switching circuit substantially equals the voltage at the first input of the isolation circuit, and in the second operational state, the output of the switching circuit is substantially electrically isolated from the first input of the isolation circuit.

15. The isolation circuit of claim 14, wherein the switching circuit is arranged to, in response to a change in the value of the control signal, switch from the first operational state to the second operational state before the output voltage at the output of the power supply regulator switches from the first voltage value to the second voltage value in response to the change in the value of the control signal.

16. The isolation circuit of claim 15, wherein the switching circuit includes:

a buffer amplifier having first and second inputs and an output, the first and second inputs of the buffer amplifier being respectively coupled to the first and second inputs of the isolation circuit; and

an inverter having an input coupled to the output of the buffer amplifier and an output coupled to the output of the switching circuit.

17. The isolation circuit of claim 16, in combination with the power supply regulator.

18. The combination of claim 17, wherein the power supply regulator further includes:

an electrical component having an input coupled to the output of the switching circuit and an output, the electrical component providing essentially a short circuit from the input of the electrical component to the output of the electrical component when a voltage at the input of the electrical component is greater than a voltage at the output of the electrical component by a predetermined amount, the electrical component providing essentially an open circuit between the output of the electrical component and the input of the electrical component when a voltage at the input of the electrical component is less than a voltage at the output of the electrical component; and

a capacitor having a first terminal coupled to the output of the electrical component and a second terminal coupled to the output of the power supply regulator.

19. The combination of claim 18, wherein the electrical component is a diode.

20. The combination of claim 18, wherein the control value alternates between first and second voltage levels corresponding to first and second logic states, and wherein the power supply regulator further includes a drive stage having first and second outputs and an input coupled to the second input of the power supply regulator to receive the control signal, the drive stage being arranged to provide complementary output voltages at the first and second outputs of the drive stage.

21. The combination of claim 20, wherein the power supply regulator further includes:

a third input to receive a first reference voltage; and

first and second buffer amplifiers having inputs respectively coupled to the first and second outputs of the drive stage, and each having an output, the first buffer amplifier having first and second bias inputs respectively coupled to the first and second terminals of the capacitor, the second buffer amplifier having first and second bias inputs respectively coupled to the first and third inputs of the power supply regulator.

22. The combination of claim 21, wherein the power supply regulator further includes:

a fourth input to receive a second reference voltage; and

first and second transistors each having a control input coupled to the output of a respective one of the first and second buffer amplifiers, and each having first and second terminals, the first terminal of the first transistor being coupled to the fourth input of the power supply regulator, the second terminal of the first transistor being coupled to the output of the power supply regulator, the first terminal of the second transistor being coupled to the output of the power supply regulator, and the second terminal of the second transistor being coupled to the second input of the power supply regulator.

23. A method of operating a power supply regulator having an input that receives an input voltage having an input voltage value, and a control signal having a first value and a second value, and an output that provides an output voltage having one of a first output voltage value in response to the control signal being at its first value and a second output voltage value in response to the control signal being at its second value, the second output voltage value being greater than the first output voltage value and the input voltage value, the method comprising a step of:

A. isolating, in response to the control signal being at its second value, the input of the power supply regulator from transients generated by the power supply regulator when the output voltage switches from the first output voltage value to the second output voltage value.

24. The method of claim 23, wherein the transients are generated by a portion of the power supply regulator, and wherein step A includes a step of isolating the input of the power supply regulator from the portion of the power supply regulator before the output voltage switches from the first output voltage value to the second output voltage value.

25. The method of claim 23, wherein step A includes a step of providing a switch coupled between the input of the power supply regulator and the portion of the power supply regulator.

26. A power supply comprising:

a voltage source having an output that provides a first reference voltage value;

an input to receive a control signal having a value;

an output that provides an output voltage having one of a first output voltage value and a second output voltage value in response to a value of the control signal, the second output voltage value being greater than the first output voltage value and the input voltage value;

a regulator circuit having a first input, a second input coupled to the input of the power supply and an output coupled to the output of the power supply; and

a switching circuit having a first input coupled to the output of the voltage source, a second input coupled to the input of the power supply to receive the control signal and an output coupled to the first input of the regulator circuit, the switching circuit electrically isolating the voltage source from transients generated by the regulator circuit when the output of the power supply switches from the second voltage value to the first voltage value.

27. The power supply of claim 26, wherein the regulator circuit further includes:

an electrical component having an input coupled to the output of the switching circuit and an output, the electrical component providing essentially a short circuit from the input of the electrical component to the output of the electrical component when a voltage at the input of the electrical component is greater than a voltage at the output of the electrical component by a predetermined amount, the electrical component providing essentially an open circuit from the output of the electrical component to the input of the electrical component when a voltage at the input of the electrical component is less than a voltage at the output of the electrical component, and

a capacitor having a first terminal coupled to the output of the electrical component and a second terminal coupled to the output of the power supply.

28. The power supply of claim 27, wherein the control value alternates between first and second voltage levels corresponding to first and second logic states, and wherein the regulator circuit further includes a drive stage having first and second outputs and an input coupled to the second input of the regulator circuit to receive the control signal, the drive stage being arranged to provide complementary output voltages at the first and second outputs of the drive stage.

29. The power supply of claim 28, wherein the regulator circuit further includes:

a third input to receive a second reference voltage; and

first and second buffer amplifiers having inputs respectively coupled to the first and second outputs of the drive stage, and each having an output, the first buffer amplifier having first and second bias inputs respectively coupled to the first and second terminals of the capacitor, the second buffer amplifier having first and second bias inputs respectively coupled to the first and third inputs of the regulator circuit.

30. The power supply of claim 29, wherein the regulator circuit further includes:

a fourth input to receive a third reference voltage; and

first and second transistors each having a control input coupled to the output of a respective one of the first and second buffer amplifiers, and each having first and second terminals, the first terminal of the first transistor being coupled to the fourth input, the second terminal of the first transistor being coupled to the output of the power supply, the first terminal of the second transistor being coupled to the output of the power supply, and the second terminal of the second transistor being coupled to the third input of the regulator circuit.

31. The power supply of claim 30, wherein the electrical component is a diode.

32. The power supply of claim 26, wherein the switching circuit is arranged to operate in one of a first and a second operational state in response to the value of the control signal, wherein in the first operational state, the output of the switching circuit is coupled to the first input of the switching circuit so that the voltage at the output of the switching circuit substantially equals the voltage at the input, and in the second operational state, the output of the switching circuit is substantially electrically isolated from the first input of the switching circuit.

33. The power supply of claim 32, wherein the switching circuit is arranged, in response to a change in the value of the control signal, to switch from the first operational state to the second operational state before the output voltage at the output of the power supply switches from the first voltage value to the second voltage value in response to the change in value of the control signal.

34. The power supply of claim 33, wherein the switching circuit includes:

a buffer amplifier having first and second inputs respectively coupled to the first and second inputs of the switching circuit and an output; and

an inverter having an input coupled to the output of the buffer amplifier and an output coupled to the output of the switching circuit.

35. The power supply of claim 34, wherein the regulator circuit further includes:

an electrical component having an input coupled to the output of the switching circuit and an output the electrical component providing essentially a short circuit from the input of the electrical component to the output of the electrical component when a voltage at the input of the electrical component is greater than a voltage at the output of the electrical component by a predetermined amount, the electrical component providing essentially an open circuit from the output of the electrical component to the input of the electrical component when a voltage at the input of the electrical component is less than a voltage at the output of the electrical component; and

a capacitor having a first terminal coupled to the output of the electrical component and a second terminal coupled to the output of the power supply.

36. The power supply of claim 35, wherein the electrical component is a diode.

37. The power supply of claim 35, wherein the control value alternates between first and second voltage levels corresponding to first and second logic states, and wherein the regulator circuit further includes a drive stage having first and second outputs and an input coupled to the second input of the regulator circuit to receive the control signal, the drive stage being arranged to provide complementary output voltages at the first and second outputs of the drive stage.

38. The power supply of claim 37, wherein the regulator circuit further includes:

a third input to receive a second reference voltage; and

first and second buffer amplifiers having inputs respectively coupled to the first and second outputs of the drive stage, and each having an output, the first buffer amplifier having first and second bias inputs respectively coupled to the first and second terminals of the capacitor, the second buffer amplifier having first and second bias inputs respectively coupled to the first and third inputs of the regulator circuit.

39. The power supply of claim 38, wherein the regulator circuit further includes:

a fourth input to receive a third reference voltage; and

first and second transistors each having a control input coupled to the output of a respective one of the first and second buffer amplifiers, and each having first and second terminals, the first terminal of the first transistor being coupled to the fourth input, the second terminal of the first transistor being coupled to the output of the power supply, the first terminal of the second transistor being coupled to the output of the power supply, and the second terminal of the second transistor being coupled to the third input of the regulator circuit.

40. In a power supply regulator having an input that receives an input voltage having an input voltage value and an output that provides an output voltage having one of a first output voltage value and a second output voltage value in response to a value of a control signal, the second output voltage value being greater than the first output voltage value and the input voltage value, an isolation circuit comprising:

a first input coupled to the input of the power supply regulator to receive the input voltage;

a second input to receive the control signal; and

isolation means, coupled to the first and second inputs of the isolation circuit, for electrically isolating the input of the power supply regulator from transient signals generated by the power supply regulator when the output voltage switches from the first output voltage value to the second output voltage value.

41. The isolation circuit of claim 40, wherein the isolation means includes:

a switch having an input and an output respectively coupled to the input and the output of the power supply regulator, the switch having a first operational state in which the input of the switch is electrically coupled to the output of the switch and a second operational state in which the input of the switch is substantially electrically isolated from the output of the switch.

42. The isolation circuit of claim 41, wherein the isolation means includes:

detecting means, coupled to the second input of the isolation circuit, for detecting a change in the value of the control signal; and

control means, coupled to the switch and the detecting means, for causing the switch to switch between the first operational state and the second operational state in response to the change in the value of the control signal.