Complementary surface confined polmer electrochromic materials, systems, and methods of fabrication therefor
First Claim
1. An electrochromic device comprising at least one substrate having a layer of an electrochromic metallic oxide thereon, and a layer of strongly adhered, electrode surface confined polymeric electrochromic material having a thickness of at least 2,000 Angstroms.
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Abstract
Electrochromic device having electrode surface confined complementary polymer electrochromic materials, and materials, systems and methods of fabrication therefore. The electrochromic devices employ a polypyrrole-prussian blue composite material on the oxiatively coloring electrode, and a heteroaromatic substance containing at least one quaternized nitrogen atom group on the reductively coloring electrode. A bilayer material consisting substantially of metallic oxide which is conductive in at least one of its redox states and electroplated with a polymer is also disclosed for use as an electrochromic material on either the oxidatively colored or reductively colored electrodes. A method for electrodeposition of viologen polymers at a substantially neutral pH is also disclosed. A method for self-powering and self-modulating electrochromic devices by means of photovoltaic cells is also disclosed.
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Citations
22 Claims
- 1. An electrochromic device comprising at least one substrate having a layer of an electrochromic metallic oxide thereon, and a layer of strongly adhered, electrode surface confined polymeric electrochromic material having a thickness of at least 2,000 Angstroms.
- 10. A method for surface confining electrochromic materials in multiple layers onto a conductive substrate, comprising the steps of depositing a layer of an electrochromic metallic oxide which is conductive in at least one of its redox states onto said conductive substrate, and then electrodepositing a polymeric electrochromic material onto said metallic oxide layer in an ionically conductive solution.
Specification