System for controlling four-wheel drive for motor vehicle

• US 5,819,194 A
• Filed: 09/18/1995
• Issued: 10/06/1998
• Est. Priority Date: 09/21/1994
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Nissan Motor Co., Ltd.
• Original Assignee: Nissan Motor Co., Ltd.
• Inventors: Hara, Tomoyuki, Takasaki, Toshiharu
• Primary Examiner(s): LOUIS JACQUES, JACQUES H
• Application Number:
  US08/529,611
• Time in Patent Office: 1,114 Days
• Field of Search: 364/434.098, 364/426.01, 364/426.03, 364/424.051, 364/424.094, 364/424.095, 364/426.016, 364/426.026, 364/426.035, 364/423.98, 303/143, 303/169, 303/190, 180/248, 180/233, 180/247, 180/249, 180/197, 180/76, 180/24, 180/415, 74/473 R, 74/467, 74/650, 74/665 G, 475/86, 475/89, 475/250, 475/280, 475/295, 475/119, 477/125, 477/908, 477/36, 701/69, 701/70, 701/88, 701/89, 192/3.57, 192/60, 192/103 F
• US Class Current: 701/89
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 17/3467 combined with a change speed gearing, e.g. range gear
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 17/35 including arrangements for suppressing or influencing the power transfer, e.g. viscous clutches differential gearing with locking devices F16H48/20
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 23/0808 for varying torque distribution between driven axles, e.g. by transfer clutch

Abstract

A system for controlling a four-wheel drive for a motor vehicle comprises a drive mode switch for detecting a drive mode of the motor vehicle selectable between a two-wheel drive mode and a four-wheel drive mode. The four-wheel drive mode is selectable between a direct-coupled four-wheel drive mode. A an auto four-wheel drive mode, a controller controls the distribution of traction between main and secondary driving wheels. A traction transmission train distributes traction between the main and secondary driving wheels. The traction transmission train has an oil pressure supply system having a friction clutch and a solenoid.

Claims

1. A system for controlling a four-wheel drive for a motor vehicle provided with main and secondary driving wheels, comprising:

means for detecting a drive mode of the motor vehicle, said drive mode being selectable between a two-wheel drive mode and a four-wheel drive mode, said four-wheel drive mode being selectable between a direct-coupled four-wheel drive mode with distribution of traction between the main and secondary driving wheels being in a ratio of 1;

1, and an auto four-wheel drive mode where a state of the motor vehicle is automatically continuously changeable between said two-wheel drive mode and said direct-coupled four-wheel drive mode;

means, in response to said drive mode detecting means, for controlling distribution of traction between the main and secondary driving wheels, said distribution controlling means comprising a changeover switch, which serves to select said drive mode, having a contact of said auto four-wheel drive mode that is positioned between contacts of said two-wheel drive mode and said direct-coupled four-wheel drive mode so as to pass said auto four-wheel drive mode when switching from said two-wheel drive mode to said direct-coupled four-wheel drive mode; and

means, in response to said distribution controlling means, for distributing traction between the main and secondary driving wheels, said traction distributing means including a friction clutch and a solenoid,

wherein said distribution controlling means comprises;

means for determining a time elapsed during switching from said auto four-wheel drive mode to said two-wheel drive mode;

means, in response to said time determining means, for continuing said auto four-wheel drive mode during a predetermined period without shifting to said two-wheel drive mode;

means for detecting turning of the motor vehicle;

means, in response to said turning detecting means, for setting a time required for switching from said four-wheel drive mode to said two-wheel drive mode; and

means, in response to said time setting means for gradually reducing engaging force of said friction clutch when carrying out switching from said four-wheel drive mode to said two-wheel drive mode.

2. A system as claimed in claim 1, wherein said turning detecting means comprises means for detecting a speed of the motor vehicle, and means for detecting a steering angle.

3. A system as claimed in claim 2, wherein said turning detecting means comprises means for detecting a lateral acceleration of the motor vehicle, and means for detecting a longitudinal acceleration of the motor vehicle.

4. A system as claimed in claim 3, wherein said time setting means sets said required time to be longer as said lateral acceleration detecting means provide a greater detection value.

5. A system as claimed in claim 4, wherein said time setting means sets said required time to be longer as said longitudinal acceleration detecting means provide a greater detection value even with the same detection value of said lateral acceleration.

6. A system as claimed in claim 3, wherein said lateral acceleration detecting means estimates said lateral acceleration in accordance with a speed difference between the secondary driving wheels, whereas said longitudinal acceleration detecting means estimates said longitudinal acceleration in accordance with a speed of the secondary driving wheels.

7. A system as claimed in claim 1, wherein said time setting means sets said required time to be longer as said steering angle detecting means provide a greater detection value.

8. A system as claimed in claim 7, wherein said time setting means sets said required time to be longer as said speed detecting means provide a smaller detection value even with the same detection value of said steering angle.

9. A system as claimed in claim 1, wherein said distribution controlling means further comprises:

current supply means for supplying a predetermined current to said solenoid, said current supply means being connected between one end of said solenoid and the ground; and

control circuit means for controlling said current supply means to control said predetermined current supplied to said solenoid.

10. A system as claimed in claim 9, wherein said control circuit means stops to supply said predetermined current to said solenoid when said drive mode detecting means provide a signal indicative of said two-wheel drive mode, and to supply said predetermined current to said solenoid when said drive mode detecting means provides a signal indicative of said four-wheel drive mode.

11. A system as claimed in claim 9, wherein said distribution controlling means further comprises:

monitor circuit means for monitoring an electric state between said solenoid and said control circuit means.

12. A system as claimed in claim 1, wherein said changeover switch is connected between a power source and said solenoid.

13. A system as claimed in claim 12, wherein said changeover switch is connected between the other end of said solenoid and the ground, said changeover switch being set to said two-wheel drive mode when being in an open state, and to said four-wheel drive mode when being in a closed state.

14. A system as claimed in claim 13, wherein said changeover switch has at least a power source contact connected to said power source, a solenoid contact connected to the other end of said solenoid, a two-wheel drive contact connected to said two-wheel drive detection circuit means, and a four-wheel drive contact connected to said four-wheel drive detection circuit means, wherein said power source and said four-wheel drive contact and solenoid contact are connected to each other when setting said four-wheel drive mode, and said power source contact and said two-wheel drive contact are connected to each other when setting said two-wheel drive mode.

15. A system as claimed in claim 1, wherein said drive mode detecting means comprises two-wheel drive detection circuit means for detecting selection of said two-wheel drive mode, and four-wheel drive mode detection circuit means for detecting selection of said four-wheel drive mode.

16. A motor vehicle comprising:

main and secondary driving wheels;

means for detecting a drive mode of the motor vehicle, said drive mode being selectable between a two-wheel drive mode and a four-wheel drive mode, said four-wheel drive mode being selectable between a direct-coupled four-wheel drive mode with distribution of traction between said main and secondary driving wheels being in a ratio of 1;

1, and an auto four-wheel drive mode where a state of the motor vehicle is automatically continuously changeable between said two-wheel drive mode and said direct-coupled four-wheel drive mode;

means, in response to said drive mode detecting means, for controlling distribution of traction between said main and secondary driving wheels, said distribution controlling means comprising a changeover switch, which serves to select said drive mode, having a contact of said auto four-wheel drive mode that is positioned between contacts of said two-wheel drive mode and said direct-coupled four-wheel drive mode so as to pass said auto four-wheel drive mode when switching from said two-wheel drive mode to said direct-coupled four-wheel drive mode; and

means, in response to said distribution controlling means, for distributing traction between said main and secondary driving wheels, said traction distributing means including a friction clutch and a solenoid,

wherein said distribution controlling means comprises;

means for determining a time elapsed during switching from said auto four-wheel drive mode to said two-wheel drive mode;

means, in response to said time determining means, for continuing said auto four-wheel drive mode during a predetermined period without shifting to said two-wheel drive mode;

means for detecting turning of the motor vehicle;

means, in response to said turning detecting means, for setting a time required for switching from said four-wheel drive mode to said two-wheel drive mode; and

means, in response to said time setting means, for gradually reducing engaging force of said friction clutch when carrying out switching from said four-wheel drive mode to said two-wheel drive mode.

17. A motor vehicle as claimed in claim 16, wherein said turning detecting means comprises means for detecting a speed of the motor vehicle, and means for detecting a steering angle.

18. A motor vehicle as claimed in claim 17, wherein said turning detecting means comprises means for detecting a lateral acceleration of the motor vehicle, and means for detecting a longitudinal acceleration of the motor vehicle.

19. A motor vehicle as claimed in claim 18, wherein said time setting means sets said required time to be longer as said lateral acceleration detecting means provide a greater detection value.

20. A motor vehicle as claimed in claim 19, wherein said time setting means sets said required time to be longer as said longitudinal acceleration detecting means provide a greater detection value even with the same detection value of said lateral acceleration.

21. A motor vehicle as claimed in claim 18, wherein said lateral acceleration detecting means estimates said lateral acceleration in accordance with a speed difference between the secondary driving wheels, whereas said longitudinal acceleration detecting means estimates said longitudinal acceleration in accordance with a speed of the secondary driving wheels.

22. A motor vehicle as claimed in claim 16, wherein said time setting means sets said required time to be longer as said steering angle detecting means provide a greater detection value.

23. A motor vehicle as claimed in claim 22, wherein said time setting means sets said required time to be longer as said speed detecting means provide a smaller detection value even with the same detection value of said steering angle.

24. A motor vehicle as claimed in claim 16, wherein said distribution controlling means further comprises:

current supply means for supplying a predetermined current to said solenoid, said current supply means being connected between one end of said solenoid and the ground; and

control circuit means for controlling said current supply means to control said predetermined current supplied to said solenoid.

25. A motor vehicle as claimed in claim 24, wherein said control circuit means stop to supply said predetermined current to said solenoid when said drive mode detecting means provide a signal indicative of said two-wheel drive mode, and to supply said predetermined current to said solenoid when said drive mode detecting means provide a signal indicative of said four-wheel drive mode.

26. A motor vehicle claimed in claim 24, wherein said distribution controlling means further comprises:

monitor circuit means for monitoring an electric state between said solenoid and said control circuit means.

27. A motor vehicle as claimed in claim 16, wherein said changeover switch is connected between a power source and said solenoid.

28. A motor vehicle as claimed in claim 27, wherein said changeover switch is connected between the other end of said solenoid and the ground, said changeover switch being set to said two-wheel drive mode when being in an open state, and to said four-wheel drive mode when being in a closed state.

29. A motor vehicle as claimed in claim 28, wherein said changeover switch has at least a power source contact connected to said power source, a solenoid contact connected to the other end of said solenoid, a two-wheel drive contact connected to said two-wheel drive detection circuit means, and a four-wheel drive contact connected to said four-wheel drive detection circuit means, wherein said power source and said four-wheel drive contact and solenoid contact are connected to each other when setting said four-wheel drive mode, and said power source contact and said two-wheel drive contact are connected to each other when setting said two-wheel drive mode.

30. A motor vehicle as claimed in claim 16, wherein said drive mode detecting means comprises two-wheel drive detection circuit means for detecting selection of said two-wheel drive mode, and four-wheel drive mode detection circuit means for detecting selection of said four-wheel drive mode.

31. A system for controlling a four-wheel drive for a motor vehicle provided with main and secondary driving wheels, comprising:

means for detecting a drive mode of the motor vehicle, the drive mode being selectable between a two-wheel drive mode and a four-wheel drive mode, the four-wheel drive mode being selectable between a direct-coupled four-wheel drive mode with distribution of traction between the main and secondary driving wheels being in a ratio of 1;

1, and an auto four-wheel drive mode where a state of the motor vehicle is automatically continuously changeable between the two-wheel drive mode and the direct-coupled four-wheel drive mode;

means, in response to the drive mode detecting means, for controlling distribution of traction between the main and secondary driving wheels, the distribution controlling means comprising a changeover switch, which serves to select the drive mode, having a contact of the auto four-wheel drive mode that is positioned between contacts of the two-wheel drive mode and the direct-coupled four-wheel drive mode, requiring to pass the auto four-wheel drive mode when switching from the two-wheel drive mode to the direct-coupled four-wheel drive mode; and

means, in response to the distribution controlling means, for distributing traction between the main and secondary driving wheels, the traction distributing means including a friction clutch and a solenoid,

wherein the distribution controlling means comprises;

means for determining a time elapsed during switching from the auto four-wheel drive mode to the two-wheel drive mode,

means, in response to the time determining means, for continuing the auto four-wheel drive mode during a predetermined period without shifting to the two-wheel drive mode,

means for detecting turning of the motor vehicle,

means, in response to the turning detecting means, for setting a time required for switching from the four-wheel drive mode to the two-wheel drive mode, and

means, in response to the time setting means, for gradually reducing engaging force of the friction clutch when carrying out switching from the four-wheel drive mode to the two-wheel drive mode.

32. A motor vehicle comprising:

main and secondary driving wheels;

means for detecting a drive mode of the motor vehicle, the drive mode being selectable between a two-wheel drive mode and a four-wheel drive mode, the four-wheel drive mode being selectable between a direct-coupled four-wheel drive mode with distribution of traction between the main and secondary driving wheels being in a ratio of 1;

1, and an auto four-wheel drive mode where a state of the motor vehicle is automatically continuously changeable between the two-wheel drive mode and the direct-coupled four-wheel drive mode;

means, in response to the drive mode detecting means, for controlling distribution of traction between the main and secondary driving wheels, the distribution controlling means comprising a changeover switch, which serves to select the drive mode, having a contact of the auto four-wheel drive mode that is positioned between contacts of the two-wheel drive mode and the direct-coupled four-wheel drive mode, requiring to pass the auto four-wheel drive mode when switching from the two-wheel drive mode to the direct-coupled four-wheel drive mode; and

means, in response to the distribution controlling means, for distributing traction between the main and secondary driving wheels, the traction distributing means including a friction clutch and a solenoid,

wherein the distribution controlling means comprises;

means for determining a time elapsed during switching from the auto four-wheel drive mode to the two-wheel drive mode,

means in response to the time determining means for continuing the auto four-wheel drive mode during a predetermined period without shifting to the two-wheel drive mode,

means for detecting turning of the motor vehicle,

means, in response to the turning detecting means, for setting a time required for switching from the four-wheel drive mode to the two-wheel drive mode, and

means, in response to the time setting means, for gradually reducing engaging force of the friction clutch when carrying out switching from the four-wheel drive mode to the two-wheel drive mode.

33. A system for controlling a four-wheel drive for a motor vehicle provided with main and secondary driving wheels, comprising:

a drive mode switch arranged to detect a drive mode of the motor vehicle, the drive mode being selectable between a two-wheel drive mode and a four-wheel drive mode, the four-wheel drive mode being selectable between a direct-coupled four-wheel drive mode with distribution of traction between the main and secondary driving wheels being in a ratio of 1;

1, and an auto four-wheel drive mode where a state of the motor vehicle is automatically continuously changeable between the two-wheel drive mode and the direct-coupled four-wheel drive mode;

a control device connected to the drive mode switch for controlling distribution of traction between the main and secondary driving wheels, the control device comprising a changeover switch, which serves to select the drive mode, having a contact of the auto four-wheel drive mode that is positioned between contacts of the two-wheel drive mode and the direct-coupled four-wheel drive mode so as to pass the auto four-wheel drive mode when switching from the two-wheel drive mode to the direct-coupled four-wheel drive mode; and

a traction distributing device connected to the control device for distributing traction between the main and secondary driving wheels, the traction distributing device including a friction clutch and a solenoid,

wherein the control device is arranged to;

determine a time elapsed during switching from the auto four-wheel drive mode to the two-wheel drive mode;

continue, in response to the time determined, the auto four-wheel drive mode during a predetermined period without shifting to the two-wheel drive mode;

detect turning of the motor vehicle;

set, in response to the turning detected, a time required for switching from the four-wheel drive mode to the two-wheel drive mode; and

gradually reduce, in response to the time set, engaging force of the friction clutch when carrying out switching from the four-wheel drive mode to the two-wheel drive mode.

34. A motor vehicle comprising:

main and secondary driving wheels;

a drive mode switch arranged to detect a drive mode of the motor vehicle, the drive mode being selectable between a two-wheel drive mode and a four-wheel drive mode, the four-wheel drive mode being selectable between a direct-coupled four-wheel drive mode with distribution of traction between the main and secondary driving wheels being in a ratio of 1;

1, and an auto four-wheel drive mode where a state of the motor vehicle is automatically continuously changeable between the two-wheel drive mode and the direct-coupled four-wheel drive mode;

a control device connected to the drive mode switch for controlling distribution of traction between the main and secondary driving wheels, the control device comprising a changeover switch, which serves to select the drive mode, having a contact of the auto four-wheel drive mode that is positioned between contacts of the two-wheel drive mode and the direct-coupled four-wheel drive mode so as to pass the auto four-wheel drive mode when switching from the two-wheel drive mode to the direct-coupled four-wheel drive mode; and

a traction distributing device connected to the control device for distributing traction between the main and secondary driving wheels, the traction distributing device including a friction clutch and a solenoid,

wherein the control device is arranged to;

determine a time elapsed during switching from the auto four-wheel drive mode to the two-wheel drive mode;

continue, in response to the time determined, the auto four-wheel drive mode during a predetermined period without shifting to the two-wheel drive mode;

detect turning of the motor vehicle;

set, in response to the turning detected, a time required for switching from the four-wheel drive mode to the two-wheel drive mode; and

gradually reduce, in response to the time set, engaging force of the friction clutch when carrying out switching from the four-wheel drive mode to the two-wheel drive mode.