Connection system and connection method for an electric automotive vehicle

• US 5,821,731 A
• Filed: 01/30/1997
• Issued: 10/13/1998
• Est. Priority Date: 01/30/1996
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Sumitomo Wiring Systems Limited (Sumitomo Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Sumitomo Wiring Systems Limited (Sumitomo Corporation)
• Inventors: Keishi, Tomohiro, Tanaka, Tsutomu, Deguchi, Hiroshige, Watanabe, Kunihiko, Miyazaki, Sho, Kuki, Heiji, Kanagawa, Shuichi, Arisaka, Shuji
• Primary Examiner(s): Wong, Peter S.
• Assistant Examiner(s): SHIN, KYUNG E
• Application Number:
  US08/791,110
• Time in Patent Office: 621 Days
• Field of Search: 320/108, 320/109
• US Class Current: 320/108
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 50/52 characterised by DC-motors
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/126 Methods for pairing a vehicle and a charging station, e.g. establishing a one-to-one relation between a wireless power transmitter and a wireless power receiver
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/14 Conductive energy transfer
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/305 Communication interfaces
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/31 Charging columns specially adapted for electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/36 by positioning the vehicle
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/38 specially adapted for charging by inductive energy transfer
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/65 involving identification of vehicles or their battery types
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/665 Methods related to measuring, billing or payment
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/10 using inductive coupling
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/80 involving the exchange of data, concerning supply or distribution of electric power, between transmitting devices and receiving devices
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/90 involving detection or optimisation of position, e.g. alignment
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/0045 concerning the insertion or the connection of the batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/7072 Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/12 Electric charging stations
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/14 Plug-in electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/16 Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/167 Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for supporting the interoperability of electric or hybrid vehicles, i.e. smartgrids as interface for battery charging of electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 30/14 Details associated with the interoperability, e.g. vehicle recognition, authentication, identification or billing

Abstract

A connection system and connection method for easily charging an electric automotive vehicle are provided. A secondary coil 20 connected with a battery 21 is provided at the bottom of a body of an electric automotive vehicle E. On the other hand, a recess A is formed in the ground of a parking lot, and a coil moving device 30 for movably supporting a primary coil 10 is installed in the recess A. Three magnetic sensors 50 are provided on a body 40 of the coil moving device 30. Further, power supply circuits 13a to 13e provided in an external power supply equipment 11 at the back of the parking lot and a main controller 12 supply power to the primary coil 10, magnetic sensors 50 and coil moving device 30 and control them. In order to charge the battery 21, the vehicle E is parked, straddling the recess A, and the secondary coil 20 is excited. Then, the magnetic sensors 50 detect the position of the secondary coil 20, and the main controller 12 drives the coil moving device 30 to guide the primary coil 10 to a position where both coils 10, 20 are to be electromagnetically coupled.

Claims

1. A connection system for charging a battery (21) of an electric automotive vehicle (E) used to drive the vehicle (E), comprising:

a primary coil (10) disposed externally of the vehicle (E) and being connectable with an external power source (11);

a secondary coil (20) disposed on the vehicle (11) and being connectable with the battery (21), said secondary coil (20) being operative for generating an alternating magnetic field by being excited in a specified cycle;

a plurality of magnetic sensors (50) concentrically disposed around said primary coil (10), said magnetic sensors (50) being equally spaced from one another, and each being operative for detecting intensity of the alternating magnetic field generated by the secondary coil (20); and

coil moving means (30;

60;

     70) for moving the primary coil (10) and the magnetic sensors (50) in unison until each of the magnetic sensors (50) detects a substantially identical intensity of magnetic field indicative of substantial registration of said primary and secondary coils, wherein the primary coil (10) is electromagnetically coupleable with the secondary coil (20) for inducing a current in the secondary coil (20).

2. A connection system according to claim 1, wherein the coil moving means (30;

43;

60;

     70) has a driving device (36;

     64) for moving the primary coil (10) to a desired position.

3. A connection system according to claim 2, further comprising a control means (12;

113) for controlling the driving device (36;

     64) of the coil moving means (30;

60;

     70) based on a detection result of the magnetic sensors (50) to position the primary coil (10) in a predeterminable positional relationship with respect to the secondary coil (20) and to guide the primary coil (10) to a position where the coils (10;

     20) are to be electromagnetically coupled.

4. A connection system according to claim 2, wherein the coil moving means (30) comprises:

a body (40), on a ground of a parking area to support the primary coil (10),

X-axis driving means (31X-36X) for linearly moving the body (40) along a specified direction (X), and

Y-axis driving means (31Y-36Y) for linearly moving the body (40) along a direction arranged at an angle different from 0° and

180°

with respect to the moving direction (X) of the body (40) by the X-axis driving means (31X-36X).

5. A connection system according to claim 2, wherein the coil moving means (60) comprises:

a body (60) for supporting the primary coil (10),

at least one wheel (62,

     63) mounted on the body (60) to drive the body (60) on the ground, and

driving mechanism (64), to drive the wheel (62,

     63).

6. A connection system according to claim 2, wherein the primary coil (10) and the coil moving means (30;

43;

60;

70 are provided on a wall surface of a parking lot, the parking lot having a ground surface for supporting the vehicle (E), and the wall surface being substantially normal to the ground surface, the coil moving means moving the primary coil (10) along at least one direction, including a direction substantially parallel to the ground surface.

7. A connection system according to claim 6, wherein the coil moving means is provided on a coil positioning apparatus (280) supported by an elastic support means (290) on the wall surface (W), the elastic support means (290) allowing for an elastic positioning of the coil positioning apparatus (280) in dependence of a side wall portion of the vehicle (E), for achieving a connection of the primary and secondary coils (10;

20).

8. A connection system according to claim 2, wherein the coil moving means (30;

43;

60;

     70) is selected from the group consisting of a pantograph mechanism (43), a ball screw mechanism and an fluid cylinder mechanism.

9. A connection system according to claim 1, wherein the at least one magnetic sensor (50a-50c) is selected from the group consisting of at least one coil, at least one Hall probe and at least one magnetoresistant device.

10. A connection system according to claim 1, wherein a charging control circuit (247) for controlling the exciting of the primary coil (10) comprises a remaining capacity detecting means (263) for detecting a remaining capacity of the battery (21), and means for exciting the primary coil (10) on condition that the remaining capacity detected by the remaining capacity detecting means (263) is not greater than a predetermined or predeterminable value.

11. A connection system according to claim 10, wherein a display means (260;

262;

241) for displaying a charging state corresponding to the remaining capacity of the battery (21) is provided.

12. A connection system according to claim 1, further comprising an identification code transmitting means (270) provided in connection with the secondary coil (20) in the vehicle (E), and an identification code checking means (271) is provided in connection with the primary coil (10) for comparing an identification code received from the identification code transmitting means (270) with a prestored identification code, wherein a charging control circuit (247) excites the primary coil (10) on condition that the identification codes compared by the identification code checking means (271) agree.

13. A connection system for charging a battery (21) of an electric automotive vehicle (E) used to drive the vehicle (E), comprising:

a primary coil (10) spaced from the vehicle and connectable with an external power source (11), a secondary coil (20) mounted on the vehicle (E) and connectable with the battery (21), at least one wheel guide (160;

     163) which is so provided as to have a predeterminable positional relationship with respect to the primary coil (10), at least one wheel of the vehicle (E) being guidable by the wheel guide (160;

     163) to an electromagnetic connection position, where the secondary coil (20) of the vehicle (E) is electromagnetically connectable with the primary coil (10), switch means (150) in proximity to the wheel guide (160;

     163) for generating a signal indicative of proper positioning of the vehicle (E) relative to the wheel guide (160;

     163), and coil moving means (140, 141;

144, 145;

146,

     147) responsive to activation of the switch means (150) for moving the primary coil (10) into coupling position relative to the secondary coil (20) for inducing a current in the secondary coil (20).

14. A connection system according to claim 13, further comprising:

a position adjusting apparatus (171;

     173) for differing or adjusting relative positions of the wheel guide (160;

     163) and the primary coil (10), and

a vehicle type discriminating apparatus (180;

     181) for discriminating a type of the vehicle (E) to be parked,

wherein in particular the secondary coil (20) of the vehicle (E) and the primary coil (10) are guided to the electromagnetic connection position by driving the position adjusting apparatus (170;

     171) in accordance with the vehicle type discriminated by the vehicle type discriminating apparatus (180;

     181).

15. A connection method for charging a battery (21) of an electric automotive vehicle (E) used to drive the vehicle (E), comprising the steps of:

providing a primary coil (10) connected with an external power source (11) and a secondary coil (20) connected with a battery (21), the secondary coil being operative to generate an alternating magnetic field by being excited in a specified cycle, a plurality of magnetic sensors (50a-50c) being mounted concentrically around the primary coil (10) in fixed spaced relationship to one another, the magnetic sensors (50a-50c) each being operative for detecting the magnetic field intensity of the secondary coil (20);

exciting the secondary coil (20) at a specified frequency;

detecting magnetic field intensities from the secondary coil (20) with each of said magnetic sensors (50a-50c);

analyzing the detection signals of the magnetic sensors (50a-50c) for determining positional relationships (Ra-Rc) of each of said magnetic sensors (50a-50c) relative to said secondary coil (20);

automatically moving the primary coil (10) into a positional relationship where the detection signals of the magnetic sensors (50a-50c) are substantially equal to one another;

moving said positioned primary coil (20) toward the secondary coil (20) and into electromagnetic coupled engagement therewith; and

inducing a current from the primary coil (10) in the secondary coil (20).