Single stage power converter and method of operation thereof

• US 5,822,198 A
• Filed: 06/21/1996
• Issued: 10/13/1998
• Est. Priority Date: 06/21/1996
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: General Electric Company
• Original Assignee: Lucent Technologies, Inc. (Nokia Corporation)
• Inventors: Miftakhutdinov, Rais K., Nemchinov, Alexey V., Fraidlin, Simon, Meleshin, Valery I.
• Primary Examiner(s): BERHANE, ADOLF D
• Application Number:
  US08/668,221
• Time in Patent Office: 844 Days
• Field of Search: 363/17, 363/16, 363/37, 363/89, 363/98, 363/131, 363/132
• US Class Current: 363/17
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 1/4258 using a single converter stage both for correction of AC input power factor and generation of a regulated and galvanically isolated DC output voltage H02M1/4241 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 3/33571 Half-bridge at primary side of an isolation transformer
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 70/10 Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes

Abstract

A single stage power converter has an energy storage device and is configured to receive electrical power. The single stage power converter includes: (1) an inductor, coupled to the energy storage device, for affecting a voltage across the energy storage device, (2) an asymmetrical half-bridge power circuit coupled to the energy storage device and having first and second power switches capable of being alternately activated to conduct current from the energy storage device to an output thereof and (3) a controller for controlling activation of the first and second power switches as a function of a characteristic of the output thereby to enhance a regulation of the output.

Claims

1. A single stage power converter including an energy storage device and couplable to a source of electrical power, comprising:

an inductor, coupled to said energy storage device, for affecting a voltage across said energy storage device;

an asymmetrical half-bridge power circuit coupled to said energy storage device and having first and second power switches capable of being alternately activated to conduct current from said inductor to said energy storage device and from said energy storage device to an output of said power converter without requiring a switch between said energy storage device and said asymmetrical half-bridge power circuit; and

a controller for controlling activation of said first and second power switches as a function of a characteristic of said output thereby to enhance a regulation of said output.

2. The converter as recited in claim 1 further comprising an input rectifier coupled to said inductor for rectifying an input voltage received from said source of electrical power.

3. The converter as recited in claim 1 wherein said inductor is capable of storing energy from said source of electrical power during a first interval, said inductor further capable of delivering energy to said energy storage device during a second interval.

4. The converter as recited in claim 3 wherein said controller activates said first power switch during said first interval for a duty cycle (D) to provide a first conductive path between said source of electrical power and said inductor, said controller further activating said second power switch during said second interval for a duty cycle (1-D) to provide a second conductive path between said inductor and said energy storage device.

5. The converter as recited in claim 1 further comprising an isolation transformer coupled between said energy storage device and said output of said converter.

6. The converter as recited in claim 1 wherein said first and second power switches are each field effect transistors (FETS).

7. The converter as recited in claim 1 wherein said energy storage device comprises a capacitive device.

8. A method of operating a single stage power converter including an energy storage device and couplable to a source of electrical power, comprising the steps of:

affecting a voltage across said energy storage device with an inductor;

alternately activating first and second power switches of an asymmetrical half-bridge power circuit, said first and second power switches conducting current from said inductor to said energy storage device and from said energy storage device to an output of said power converter without requiring a switch between said energy storage device and said asymmetrical half-bridge power circuit; and

controlling activation of said first and second power switches with a controller, said control being a function of a characteristic of said output thereby to enhance a regulation of said output.

9. The method as recited in claim 8 further comprising the step of rectifying an input voltage from said source of electrical power with an input rectifier.

10. The method as recited in claim 8 wherein the step of affecting further comprises the steps of:

storing energy in an inductor received from said source of electrical power during a first interval; and

delivering energy from said inductor to said energy storage device during a second interval.

11. The method as recited in claim 10 wherein the step of controlling further comprises the steps of:

activating said first power switch, with said controller, during said first interval for a duty cycle (D) to provide a first conductive path between said source of electrical power and said inductor; and

activating said second power switch, with said controller, during said second interval for a duty cycle (1-D) to provide a second conductive path between said inductor and said energy storage device.

12. The method as recited in claim 8 further comprising the step of isolating said source of electrical power from said output of said converter.

13. The method as recited in claim 8 wherein said first and second power switches are each field effect transistors (FETs).

14. The method as recited in claim 8 wherein said energy storage device comprises a capacitive device.

15. A power supply, comprising:

an input for receiving an input AC voltage;

an input low-pass filter, coupled to said input, for filtering said input AC voltage;

an input rectifier, coupled to said input low-pass filter, for rectifying said input AC voltage; and

a single stage power converter including an energy storage device, comprising;

an inductor, coupled to said energy storage device, for affecting a voltage across said energy storage device,

an asymmetrical half-bridge power circuit coupled to said energy storage device and having first and second power switches capable of being alternately activated to conduct current from said inductor to said energy storage device and from said energy storage device to an output of said power converter without requiring a switch between said energy storage device and said asymmetrical half-bridge power circuit; and

a controller for controlling activation of said first and second power switches as a function of a characteristic of said output thereby to enhance a regulation of said output.

16. The power supply as recited in claim 15 wherein said input rectifier comprises at least one diode.

17. The power supply as recited in claim 15 wherein said inductor is capable of storing energy from said rectified input AC voltage during a first interval, said inductor further capable of delivering energy to said energy storage device during a second interval.

18. The power supply as recited in claim 17 wherein said controller activates said first power switch during said first interval for a duty cycle (D) to provide a first conductive path between said input and said inductor, said controller further activating said second power switch during said second interval for a duty cycle (1-D) to provide a second conductive path between said inductor and said energy storage device.

19. The power supply as recited in claim 15 wherein said asymmetrical half-bridge power circuit comprises an isolation transformer.

20. The power supply as recited in claim 15 wherein said asymmetrical half-bridge power circuit comprises an output rectifier.

21. The power supply as recited in claim 15 wherein said asymmetrical half-bridge power circuit comprises an output low-pass filter.