High-speed multiplier to multiply a digital signal by a periodic signal

• US 5,822,376 A
• Filed: 11/06/1996
• Issued: 10/13/1998
• Est. Priority Date: 11/10/1995
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Sextant Avionique
• Original Assignee: Sextant Avionique
• Inventors: Renard, Alain
• Primary Examiner(s): Chin, Stephen
• Assistant Examiner(s): Yu, Frederick
• Application Number:
  US08/744,830
• Time in Patent Office: 706 Days
• Field of Search: 375/316, 375/302, 364/721, 364/729, 327/106, 327/129
• US Class Current: 375/316
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 19/24 Acquisition or tracking or demodulation of signals transmitted by the system synchronisation aspects of direct sequence spread spectrum modulation H04B1/7073
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 19/37 Hardware or software details of the signal processing chain
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 1/0328 in which the phase increment is adjustable, e.g. by using an adder-accumulator
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 7/5332 by skipping over strings of zeroes or ones, e.g. using the Booth Algorithm

Abstract

Disclosed is a digital multiplication circuit to multiply a digital signal SN by a periodic waveform that is, in principle, a sine waveform. This circuit uses a phase digital generator φ varying in saw-toothed form and it uses an approximation of the samples of a function K sine φ by algebraic sums of positive integer values of two for each phase value, K being a coefficient identical for all the phase values. The product of SN by these sums is rapid and easy to obtain and does not require a sine table. A decoder receiving the phase φ defines the powers of two to be set up, and a routing circuit carries out the operation of multiplication by powers of two under the control of the decoder. One or two adders obtain the sums of powers of two. The result is an approximate result of the product SN.K. sine φ.

Claims

1. A method for the multiplication of a digital signal SN by a sine waveform using a digital phase φ

varying periodically in a sawtoothed form, wherein said method comprises the operations consisting in;

applying this phase to the input of a decoder using, as a decoding function, a table of N approximate integer values Ai of N numbers K sine 2iπ

/N, i being an index from 0 to N-1, and K being any number that is identical for all the indices i, the approximate integer values Ai being algebraic sums of one or more positive integer powers of 2 to which a sign is assigned, at least some of the values being sums of several different powers of two,

multiplying the digital signal SN, for each index i corresponding to a phase 2iπ

/N, by the various powers of 2 that form the number Ai, under the control of the decoder,

and obtaining the algebraic sums of the signals thus multiplied to form a digital value that is the product of SN by the approximate value Ai.

2. A method according to claim 1, wherein the multiplication by the powers of two is done by a routing circuit controlled by the decoder.

3. A method according to claim 1, wherein the decoding function uses the following values Ai, i being an index from 0 to 15:

A0=0;

A1=4+1;

A2=8+1;

A3=8+4;

A4=8+4+1, the values A5 to A8 being the same as A4 to A0 respectively, and the values A9 to A15 being the opposite of the values A1 to A7 respectively.

4. A method according to claim 1, wherein the decoding function uses the following values Ai, i being an index from 0 to 15:

A0=0;

A1=2+1;

A2=4+2;

A3=8-1;

A4=8, the values A5 to A8 being the same as A4 to A0 respectively, and the values A9 to A15 being the opposite of the values A1 to A7 respectively.

5. A method according to claim 1, wherein the decoding function uses the following values Ai, i being an index varying from 0 to 12:

A0=0;

A1=3 or 4;

A2=6;

A3=7, the values A4 to A6 being the same as A2 to A0 respectively, and the values A7 to A11 being the opposite of the values A1 to A5 respectively.

6. A method for the multiplication of a digital signal SN by a periodic waveform F(φ

), using a digital phase φ

varying periodically in a sawtoothed form and taking successive values φ

i during a period, i being an index from 0 to N-1, where N represents the number of phase samples used during one period, wherein said method comprises the operations consisting in;

applying this phase to the input of a decoder using, as a decoding function, a table of N approximate integer values Ai of N numbers KF(φ

i), K being any number that is identical for all the indices i, the approximate integer values Ai being algebraic sums of one or more positive integer powers of 2 to which a sign is assigned, at least certain values Ai being sums of several different powers of two,

multiplying the digital signal SN, for each index i corresponding to a phase φ

i, by the various powers of 2 that form the number Ai, under the control of the decoder,

obtaining the algebraic sums of the signals thus multiplied to form a digital value that is the product of SN by the approximate value Ai.

7. A digital multiplication circuit for the periodic multiplication of a digital value SN by a sine waveform, wherein said circuit comprises:

a means to produce a periodic digital phase φ

varying in sawtoothed form,

a decoder receiving the phase φ and

bringing about the correspondence, with any value 2iπ

/N of the phase φ

, where i is an index varying from 0 to N-1, of one or more positive integer powers of 2 to which a sign is assigned, the algebraic sum Ai of which is an approximate value of K sine 2iπ

/N, K having the same value for all the values of Ai,

routing means activated by the decoder when it receives a phase 2iπ

/N to give one or more signals SNij from the signal SN, the signal SNij representing the signal SN multiplied by one of the powers of two that are assigned a sign and are used in the sum Ai,

means of addition activated by the decoder and capable of receiving and adding the signals SNij given by the routing means when the decoder receives a phase 2iπ

/N,

the circuit giving, at one output, a signal SN.Ai that represents the multiplication of the signal by a waveform which is an approximate value of the sine waveform K sine φ

.

8. A circuit according to claim 7, wherein the routing means provide, under the control of the decoder, the products of SN by the powers of two corresponding to the following sums Ai, i being an index from 0 to 15:

A0=0;

A1=4+1;

A2=8+1;

A3=8+4;

A4=8+4+1, the values A5 to A8 being the same as A4 to A0 respectively, and the values A9 to A15 being the opposite of the values A1 to A7 respectively.

9. A circuit according to claim 8, comprising a first adder to obtain the sums A0 to A3, AS to A11, A13 to A15, and a part of each of the sums A4 and A12 and a second adder to obtain the rest of the sum A4 and of the sum A12.

10. A circuit according to claim 7, wherein the routing means provide, under the control of the decoder, the products of SN by the powers of two corresponding to the following sums Ai, i being an index from 0 to 15:

A0=0;

A1=2+1;

A2=4+2;

A3=8-1;

A4=8, the values A5 to A8 being the same as A4 to A0 respectively, and the values A9 to A15 being the opposite of the values A1 to A7 respectively, and the addition means comprising a single adder.

11. A circuit according to claim 7, wherein the routing means provide, under the control of the decoder, the products of SN by the powers of two corresponding to the following sums Ai, i being an index from 0 to 15:

A0=0;

A1=3 or 4;

A2=6;

A3=7;

the values A4 to A6 being the same as A2 to A0 respectively, and the values A7 to A11 being the opposite of the values A1 to A5 respectively, and the addition means comprising a single adder.

13. An application of the multiplication circuit according to one of the claims 7 to 11, to a receiver of satellite positioning signals, wherein the receiver has a digital servo-control loop receiving a signal SN received from a satellite, frequency transposed and then digitized, the loop producing a phase error signal applied to a digital phase generator, the generator producing said digital periodic phase φ

varying in a linear sawtoothed form, the output of the multiplication circuit constituting a digital signal frequency transposed digitally by the multiplication of the signal SN by a sine waveform; and

means of correlation and computation being provided in the servo-control loop to produce the error signal from the signal thus multiplied.

14. An application of the multiplication circuit according to claim 13 wherein the digital phase generator comprises a phase numerically controlled oscillator, a means to add a pseudo-random noise to the output of the oscillator and a means to truncate the phase resulting from this addition and to apply it to the decoder.

12. A digital multiplication circuit for the periodic multiplication of a digital signal SN by a periodic waveform F(φ

), using a digital phase φ

varying periodically in a sawtoothed form and taking successive values φ

i during a period, i being an index from 0 to N-1, where N represents the number of phase samples used during one period, wherein said circuit comprises;

a means to produce a periodic digital phase φ

varying in sawtoothed form,

a decoder receiving the phase φ and

bringing about the correspondence, with any value φ

i of the phase φ

, of the sum Ai of one or more positive integer powers of 2 to which a sign is assigned, i being an index varying from 0 to N-1, each number Ai being equal to an approximate value of KF(φ

i), K having the same value for all instances of Ai, and at least certain values of Ai being constituted by sums of several different powers of two,

routing means activated by the decoder when it receives a phase φ

i to give one or more signals SNij from the signal SN, the signal SNij being the signal SN multiplied by one of the powers of two that are assigned a sign and are used in the sum Ai,

means of addition activated by the decoder and capable of receiving and adding the signals SNij given by the routing means when the decoder receives a phase φ

i,

the circuit giving, at one output, a signal SN.Ai that represents the multiplication of the signal by a waveform which is an approximate value of the periodic waveform K(φ

).