Prediction method of traffic parameters
First Claim
1. For a traffic system having routes formed by links, said links in combination forming a link network, a method for predicting a time-dependent value of a first traffic parameter at location Y in said system at time t from at least one time-dependent value of a second traffic parameter at location X in said system, the method predicting the traffic parameter at said location Y at said time t as a function of the traffic parameter at said location X at a time τ
- earlier than time t;
the method comprising the steps of;
(a) deploying various sensors at the measuring sites, each of the sensors generating a raw signal measuring traffic parameter at said location X as a function of said time τ
;
(b) filtering each raw signal through a lower frequency band-pass filter to obtain a respective low-frequency filtered signal from the associated raw signal, and(c) filtering each raw signal through a higher frequency band-pass filter to obtain a respective high-frequency filtered signal from the associated raw signal, and(d) from the low-frequency filtered signals, selectively calculating the traffic parameter at said location Y at said time t while predicting traffic at one of said routes from traffic on at least one other of said routes; and
(e) from the high-frequency filtered signals, calculating the traffic parameter at said location Y at said time t while predicting near time traffic variation along a selected one of said routes.
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for predicting the traffic flow in a road network. Sensors in the road network register the passage of vehicles and two of the parameters, flow, density, speed enable all three parameters to be calculated. The correlation between the traffic at a point X at a certain time and the traffic at another point Y some period τ later can in certain cases and under certain conditions provide good values. In these cases, the traffic can also be predicted with good precision. The invention utilizes this fact and relates the prediction factor to the correlation coefficient. The invention also uses the methods to divide a traffic parameter into various frequency components to be used in various situations and improves the prediction by using the corresponding prediction factor for the corresponding frequency components of the traffic parameters. For the prediction, sensor information from different links is used in some cases to provide a quicker and more effective prediction by means of cooperation. The method for providing this cooperating also belongs to the invention. In certain sensor-lean situations, the prediction factor described previously is supplemented with a propagation factor W that describes the traffic changes along a traffic link, and where W can be defined and adapted to the various frequency components of a traffic parameter.
127 Citations
31 Claims
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1. For a traffic system having routes formed by links, said links in combination forming a link network, a method for predicting a time-dependent value of a first traffic parameter at location Y in said system at time t from at least one time-dependent value of a second traffic parameter at location X in said system, the method predicting the traffic parameter at said location Y at said time t as a function of the traffic parameter at said location X at a time τ
- earlier than time t;
the method comprising the steps of; (a) deploying various sensors at the measuring sites, each of the sensors generating a raw signal measuring traffic parameter at said location X as a function of said time τ
;(b) filtering each raw signal through a lower frequency band-pass filter to obtain a respective low-frequency filtered signal from the associated raw signal, and (c) filtering each raw signal through a higher frequency band-pass filter to obtain a respective high-frequency filtered signal from the associated raw signal, and (d) from the low-frequency filtered signals, selectively calculating the traffic parameter at said location Y at said time t while predicting traffic at one of said routes from traffic on at least one other of said routes; and (e) from the high-frequency filtered signals, calculating the traffic parameter at said location Y at said time t while predicting near time traffic variation along a selected one of said routes.
- earlier than time t;
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2. For traffic management, information and control in a traffic system having a plurality of routes formed by links, said links in combination forming a link network, a method for determining values of traffic parameters utilizing sensor information obtained from sensors at different measurement sites in said link network, wherein a number of the sensors produce measurement values, from which are obtained at least two traffic parameters selected from the group consisting of traffic flow, traffic density and vehicle speed or alternatively link travel time, the method comprising:
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predicting a time-dependent value of first traffic parameter Y, at a time t, from at least one time-dependent value of a second traffic parameter X, at a time t-τ
;the first parameter Y and the second parameter X being selected from the parameter group consisting of traffic flow I, traffic densities, vehicle speed v, travel time and products and quotients thereof; said sensors generating measurement values, from which said first parameter Y and said second parameter X are obtained as functions of time; filtering a filtrant selected from the group consisting of said measurement values and values derived from said measurement values, obtained from a number of the sensors, through a frequency filtering process and thereby separating time-dependent variations of said filtrant into at least two frequency regions including first frequency region components exhibiting a first time variation and second frequency region components exhibiting a second time variation, said first time variation being faster than said second time variation, and from said first frequency region components and said second frequency region components obtaining at least two filtered components selected from the group consisting of high-frequency X components which comprise high-frequency components of said second parameter X, and high-frequency Y components which comprise high-frequency components of said first parameter Y, said high-frequency X components and said high-frequency Y components being obtained from said first frequency region components, and low-frequency X components which comprise low-frequency components of said second parameter X, and low-frequency Y components which comprise low-frequency components of said first parameter Y, said low-frequency X components and said low-frequency Y components being obtained from said second frequency region components, wherein the selected combinations of said filtered components each exhibit a covariance, respectively; calculating a number of prediction factors employing covariance inherent factors for the selected combinations of said filtered components; (a1) predicting near time traffic parameters on a first route of said plurality of routes, using said high-frequency X components on said first route and said calculated prediction factors from said selected combinations of high-frequency X components and said high-frequency Y components, on said first route to predict future high-frequency Y components on said first route; and selecting predicting future low-frequency Y components for at least one of (a2), (b), (c) and (d); (a2) combining the predicted future high-frequency Y components from (a1) with selected low-frequency Y components; (b) predicting future low-frequency Y components on one of said routes, using the low-frequency X components from at least one other of said routes, and said calculated prediction factor from the said selected combination of low-frequency Y components on said one of said routes and the low-frequency X components from said at least one other of said routes; (c) predicting future low-frequency Y components from first average values of said second parameter X, where the said first average values are averages over time periods equivalent to low-frequency time periods of said low-frequency regions; (d) predicting future low-frequency Y components from said second average values of said second parameter X, where said second average values are obtained from said first average values, representing a selected time period of the day, by averaging the values of said time period of the day for more than one day, the second averages being referred to as historical average values. - View Dependent Claims (3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31)
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Specification