Expert system and method employing hierarchical knowledge base, and interactive multimedia/hypermedia applications

• US 5,822,745 A
• Filed: 12/27/1996
• Issued: 10/13/1998
• Est. Priority Date: 04/29/1994
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Original Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Inventors: Hekmatpour, Amir
• Primary Examiner(s): Hafiz, Tariq R.
• Application Number:
  US08/773,820
• Time in Patent Office: 655 Days
• Field of Search: 395/10-13, 395/50-51, 395/60-61, 395/76-77, 395/615, 705/10, 705/11, 705/45, 705/46, 705/52, 705/60, 705/59, 705/61
• US Class Current: 706/59
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/0481 based on specific properties of the displayed interaction object or a metaphor-based environment, e.g. interaction with desktop elements like windows or icons, or assisted by a cursor's changing behaviour or appearance
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 40/103 Formatting, i.e. changing of presentation of documents automatic justification G06F40/189; automatic line break hyphenation G06F40/191
• CPC Class Codes: G06N 5/02 Knowledge representation; Symbolic representation
• CPC Class Codes: G06N 5/022 Knowledge engineering; Knowledge acquisition
• CPC Class Codes: G06N 5/04 Inference or reasoning models
• CPC Class Codes: G09B 5/065 Combinations of audio and video presentations, e.g. videotapes, videodiscs, television systems
• CPC Class Codes: G09B 7/04 characterised by modifying the teaching programme in response to a wrong answer, e.g. repeating the question, supplying a further explanation

Abstract

An expert system and processing method employing a three level hierarchical knowledge base that has a plurality of nodes coupled together. An uppermost level comprises a behavioral knowledge level, a middle level comprises a structural knowledge level and a lowermost level is an action level. Inference processing proceeds from the behavioral knowledge level through the structural knowledge level to a leaf node of the action level. One or more non-inferentially assessable utilities may be associated with the inference kernel of the expert system for accessing during inferential processing within the hierarchically structured knowledge base. A knowledge editor implements guidelines that structure received information in the desired hierarchical three level configuration. Further, interactive multimedia/hypermedia systems and methods are presented, which might be expert system based. Training and certification applications of the multimedia/hypermedia system/method are given.

Claims

1. A processing method for an expert system responsive to external information inputted by a user of the expert system, said processing method comprising the steps of:

(a) inferentially processing information in a hierarchically-structured knowledge base interactively with the external information inputted by the user of the expert system; and

(b) during said processing step (a), non-inferentially accessing information in at least one predefined utility separate from the hierarchically structured knowledge base.

2. The processing method of claim 1, further comprising the step of displaying said non-inferentially accessed information of step (b).

3. The processing method of claim 2, wherein said non-inferentially accessible information of step (b) comprises multimedia displayable information, and wherein said displaying step includes displaying multimedia displayable information in a multimedia format selected by the user of the expert system.

4. The processing method of claim 1, wherein said hierarchically-structured knowledge base comprises a multi-level knowledge base and wherein said processing step (a) comprises inferentially processing information in said multi-level knowledge base interactively, at different levels of the multi-level knowledge base, with the external information inputted by the user of the expert system.

5. The processing method of claim 4, wherein said processing step (a) comprises inferentially processing information in the multi-level knowledge base interactively at each level with the external information inputted by the user of the expert system such that the user of the expert system influences said inferential processing at each level of the multi-level knowledge base.

6. The processing method of claim 1, wherein said hierarchically-structured knowledge base comprises a multi-level knowledge base, and wherein said processing (a) comprises inferentially processing information in said multi-level knowledge base interactively with the external information inputted by the user of the expert system, and wherein said external information is inputted by the user of the expert system during said processing step (a).

7. The processing method of claim 1, wherein an uppermost level of said hierarchically-structured knowledge base comprises a behavioral knowledge level.

8. The processing method of claim 1, wherein an intermediate level of said hierarchically-structured knowledge base comprises a structural knowledge level.

9. The processing method of claim 1, wherein a lowermost level of said hierarchically-structured knowledge base comprises an action level.

10. A processing method for an expert system responsive to external information inputted by a user of the expert system, said processing method comprising the steps of:

inferentially processing information in a hierarchically-structured knowledge base interactively with the external information inputted by the user of the expert system;

during said inferentially processing, non-inferentially accessing information in at least one predefined utility separate from the hierarchically-structured knowledge base; and

wherein said hierarchically-structured knowledge base comprises a hierarchical decomposition having three levels consisting of an uppermost level comprising a behavioral knowledge level, a middle level comprising a structural knowledge level and a lowermost level comprising an action level, and wherein said inferentially processing step includes processing through said hierarchically-structured knowledge base from the behavioral knowledge level through the structural knowledge level to the action level.

11. The processing method of claim 10, further in combination with predefining said hierarchically-structured knowledge base, said predefining employing a Knowledge Editor that implements a plurality of guidelines that force predefining of the hierarchically-structured knowledge base into a hierarchical decomposition having said three distinct levels.

12. The processing method of claim 10, further comprising displaying said non-inferentially accessed information from said at least one predefined utility.

13. The processing method of claim 12, wherein said non-inferentially accessed information of said displaying comprises multimedia displayable information, and wherein said displaying step includes displaying multimedia/hypermedia displayable information in a multimedia/hypermedia format selected by the user of the expert system.

14. The processing method of claim 10, wherein said processing step (a) comprises inferentially processing information in the hierarchically-structured knowledge base interactively with the external information inputted by the user of the expert system such that the user of the expert system interactively influences inferential processing of multiple levels of the hierarchically-structured knowledge base.

15. The processing method of claim 10, wherein said step (b) comprises non-inferentially accessing information in multiple predefined utilities separate from the hierarchically-structured knowledge base, at least some of said multiple predefined utilities being coupled to different levels of said hierarchically-structured knowledge base.

16. A processing method for an expert system responsive to external non-inferential information, said processing method comprising the steps of:

(a) inferentially processing information in a hierarchically-structured knowledge base, said inferentially processing being triggered by said external non-inferential information; and

(b) during said processing step (a), non-inferentially accessing information in at least one predefined utility separate from the hierarchically-structured knowledge base, said non-inferentially accessed information comprising pertinent information resulting from said inferentially processing (a).

17. The processing method of claim 16, wherein said inferentially processing (a) comprises inferentially processing information in the hierarchically-structured knowledge base cooperatively with the external non-inferential information.