Optical reader having improved autodiscrimination features

• US 5,825,006 A
• Filed: 09/03/1996
• Issued: 10/20/1998
• Est. Priority Date: 03/04/1994
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Welch Allyn Data Collection Inc (Welch Allyn Incorporated)
• Original Assignee: Welch Allyn Incorporated
• Inventors: Longacre, Andrew Jr., Hussey, Robert M., Ehrhart, Michael A., Koziol, Thomas J.
• Primary Examiner(s): Le, Thien Minh
• Application Number:
  US08/697,921
• Time in Patent Office: 777 Days
• Field of Search: 235/462, 235/472, 235/469, 235/470, 235/454, 235/463
• US Class Current: 235/462.27
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 17/0022 arrangements or provisions for transferring data to distant stations, e.g. from a sensing device "transfer between computer elements G06F13/00 "; data-transmission H04L
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 19/06037 multi-dimensional coding
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 7/10851 Circuits for pulse shaping, amplifying, eliminating noise signals, checking the function of the sensing device basic electronic circuitry H03
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 7/14 using light without selection of wavelength, e.g. sensing reflected white light G06K7/10831 - G06K7/1097 take precedence

Abstract

A method and apparatus for autodiscriminating and decoding any of a plurality of 1D linear bar code symbols which use different 1D symbologies and of 2D matrix bar code symbols which use different 2D finder patterns and 2D symbologies. A processor stores a plurality of 1D decoding programs, a plurality of 2D decoding programs, and a parameter table that specifies which of said programs are to be enabled. During 1D autodiscrimination, the processor makes no attempt to decode unknown symbols in accordance with 1D decoding programs that are not enabled. During 2D autodiscrimination, the processor makes no attempt to decode unknown 2D symbols in accordance with 2D decoding programs that are not enabled.

Claims

1. A method for autodiscriminating and decoding a bar code symbol that may be of any of a plurality of different types using an optical reading apparatus of the type having an image data memory and a parameter table which stores a plurality of parameters that specify the operating mode of said reading apparatus, said plurality of different types of bar code symbols including 1D linear bar code symbols, and 2D matrix bar code symbols, said 2D matrix bar code symbols having finder patterns that may be of any of a plurality of different types, comprising the steps of:

(a) scanning said bar code symbol with said reading apparatus to produce a set of image data therefrom;

(b) storing the set of image data resulting from said scanning step in said image data memory;

(c) sequentially attempting to decode said set of stored image data as a 1D bar code symbol in accordance with a plurality of different 1D decoding programs, and

1.) if one of said attempts to decode said symbol as a 1D symbol is successful, outputting decoded data and then discontinuing said attempt;

or

2.) if said attempts to decode said symbol as a 1D symbol are not successful, discontinuing said attempts and proceeding to step (d) hereof;

(d) sequentially attempting to decode said symbol as a 2D symbol in accordance with a plurality of different 2D decoding programs, and

1.) if one of said attempts to decode said symbol as a 2D symbol is successful, outputting decoded data and then discontinuing said attempt;

or

2.

3. indicated to be disabled by said parameter table. 2. The method of claim 1 in which said parameter table includes a parameter which, when disabled, disables all of said 1D decoding programs.

4. The method of claim 1 in which said parameter table includes a parameter which, when disabled, disables all of said 2D decoding programs.

6. The method of claim 1 in which said parameter table includes parameters that specify corresponding scanning-decoding modes in which different respective relationships are established between said scanning steps and said decoding steps.

13. The method of claim 1 in which said parameter table includes a multiple symbols parameter which, when enabled, causes said reading apparatus to attempt to decode more than one symbol from a single set of image data.

14. The method of claim 1 further including the step of programming said reading apparatus so that a user may change said parameter table by presenting a menu symbol to the reading apparatus.

15. The method of claim 1 including the further step of periodically testing for the receipt of a reprogram command generated by an external data source and, if a reprogram command is received, interrupting steps (a) through (f) to allow said external data source to modify said 1D and 2D decoding programs and said parameter table.

16. A method as set forth in claim 1, in which said reading apparatus is a reading apparatus of the type including a menuing program that allows a user to change said parameter table by presenting machine readable menu symbols to the apparatus, including the further steps of periodically testing for the receipt of a reprogram command generated by an external data source and, if a reprogram command is received, allowing said external source to alter said menuing program.

17. A method as set forth in claim 1 in which said reading apparatus of the type including a menuing program that allows a user to select at least one vector processing operation by presenting a respective machine readable symbol to the apparatus.

19. The reading apparatus of claim 17 in which said operating parameters also include a multiple symbols parameter which specifies whether or not the processing means is to attempt to decode more than one of the bar code symbols that are potentially present in said image data.

20. The reading apparatus of claim 17 in which said operating parameters also include a max-min length parameter that specifies, on the basis of the length of the message encoded in said data, whether or not data for a symbol is to be output by the reading apparatus.

21. The reading apparatus of claim 17 in which said menuing program enables a user to present to the reading apparatus a menu symbol that, when decoded, causes the reading apparatus to output data indicative of said code option parameters.

22. The reading apparatus of claim 17 in which said operating parameters include a plurality of scanning-decoding parameters that specify respective scanning-decoding relationships for said reading apparatus.

23. The reading apparatus of claim 21 in which said scanning-decoding relationships include at least one tracking relationship.

24. The reading apparatus of claim 21 in which said scanning-decoding relationships include a plurality of non-tracking relationships.

25. The reading apparatus of claim 22 in which said scanning-decoding relationships include a plurality of non-tracking relationships.

26. The reading apparatus of claim 23 in which said non-tracking relationships include at least a One Shot scanning-decoding relationships.

27. The reading apparatus of claim 23 in which one of said non-tracking relationships include at least a Repeat Until Done and a Repeat Until Stopped relationship.

28. The reading apparatus of claim 22 in which said at least one tracking relationship includes at least one of a Scan On Demand and a Skip Scan tracking relationship.

29. The reading apparatus of claim 17 in which said processing means is further responsive to a reprogram command, received from an external data source, to interrupt the execution of its autodiscrimination program to allow said external data source to modify at least one of said 1D and 2D decoding programs and said operating parameters.

30. The reading apparatus of claim 17 in which said menuing program allows a user to request the outputting of information relating to said operating parameters by presenting menu symbols to the reading apparatus.

31. The reading apparatus of claim 17 in which said processing means is programmed to respond to a reprogram command, received from an external data source, by allowing said external data source to modify said menuing program.

32. The reading apparatus of claim 29 in which said processing means is programmed to respond to a reprogram command, received from an external data source, by allowing said external data source to modify said menuing program.

34. A reading apparatus as set forth in claim 32 in which said at least one first code option parameter includes a code option parameter that disables all of said 1D decoding programs.

35. A reading apparatus as set forth in claim 32 in which at least one said second code option parameter includes a code option parameter that disables all of said 2D decoding programs.

36. A reading apparatus as set forth in claim 32 further including a manually actuatable trigger, in which an actuation of said trigger causes the reading apparatus to scan and attempt to decode one symbol.

37. A reading apparatus as set forth in claim 32 in which said menuing program allows a user to modify said parameter table by presenting menu symbols to said reading apparatus.

38. A reading apparatus as set forth in claim 35 in which said menuing program allows a user to modify said parameter table by presenting a menu symbol to said reading apparatus and actuating said trigger.

39. A reading apparatus as set forth in claim 32 in which said parameter table also includes at least one scanning-decoding parameter which, when enabled, specifies that a tracking relationship be maintained between the scanning and decoding activities of said apparatus.

40. A reading apparatus as set forth in claim 38 in which said at least one scanning-decoding parameter includes at least a Scan On Demand tracking relationship and a Skip Scan tracking relationship.

41. A reading apparatus as set forth in claim 32 in which said parameter table also includes a multiple symbols parameter which, when enabled, cause the processing means to attempt to decode more than one symbol present in the field of view of the image sensor.

42. A reading apparatus as set forth in claim 32 in which said processing means is responsive to data decoded from predetermined menu symbols presented by a user to output information relating to said parameter table.

43. A reading apparatus as set forth in claim 41 in which said information is output in the form of a menu bar code symbol that is readable by the reading apparatus.

44. A reading apparatus as set forth in claim 32 in which said processing means is programmed to respond to a reprogram command received from an external data source by interrupting its current program so that said autodiscrimination program and said parameter table may be changed in a manner specified by said external data source.

45. A reading apparatus as set forth in claim 32 in which said autodiscrimination program includes a 1D autodiscrimination program and a 2D autodiscrimination program, and in which said 1D autodiscrimination program includes the performance, on a set of image data elements stored in said image memory, of the steps of:

(a) calculating the activities of predetermined ones of said image data elements, and storing the resulting activities as an activity representation of said image data elements;

(b) producing two state approximations of said image data elements, and storing said approximations as a two state representation of said image data elements;

(c) determining, from said activity representation, whether there exists at least one region of high activity indicative of the presence of a 1D bar code symbol and, if at least one region of high activity exists;

1.) determining, for said at least one region, the direction of highest activity thereof;

2.) attempting to decode image data elements corresponding to at least one of said regions using said two state representation and at least one scan line parallel to the direction of highest activity of said region.

46. A reading apparatus as set forth in claim 32 in which said autodiscrimination program includes a 1D autodiscrimination program and a 2D autodiscrimination program, and in which the said 2D autodiscrimination program includes the performance, on a set of image data elements stored in said image memory, of the steps of:

(a) producing two state approximations of said image data elements, and storing of said approximations as a two state representation of said image data elements; and

(b) determining, from said two state representation, whether there exists at least one finder pattern indicative of the presence of a 2D bar code symbol and, if at least one finder pattern exists, attempting to decode said at least one 2D bar code symbol in accordance with the respective finder pattern.

47. A reading apparatus as set forth in claim 32 in which said autodiscrimination program includes a 1D autodiscrimination program and a 2D autodiscrimination program, and in which the said 2D autodiscrimination program includes the performance, on a set of image data elements stored in said image memory, of the steps of:

(a) producing two state approximations of said image data elements, and storing of said approximations as a two state representation of said image data elements; and

(b) determining, from said two state representation, whether there exists at least one finder pattern indicative of the presence of a 2D bar code symbol and, if at least one finder pattern exists, attempting to decode said at least one 2D bar code symbol in accordance with the respective finder pattern.

49. The method of claim 47 in which said image data elements may include two or more high activity regions, further including the step of repeating step (e) for each of said high activity regions.

50. The method of claim 47 in which step (e) is repeated for said high activity regions in the order of the sizes of said regions.

51. The method of claim 47 in which said image data elements may include two or more finder patterns, further including the step of repeating step (f) for each of said finder patterns.

52. The method of claim 50 in which step (f) is repeated for each of said finder patterns in the order of their proximity to the center of said image data.

53. The method of claim 47 in which said image memory has sufficient capacity to simultaneously store sets of image data for at least two bar code symbols, in which:

(a) said using and storing steps are repeated for each of a succession of sets of image data, an earlier acquired set of image data being retained in said image data memory at least while a later set of image data is being acquired and stored;

(b) said examining step is performed on said earlier acquired set of image data while a later set of image data is being acquired and stored.

2. ) if said attempts to decode said symbol as a 2D symbol are not successful, or if none of said types of finder patterns is found, discontinuing said attempts;

(e) wherein step (c) includes the steps of not attempting to decode said symbol in accordance with any one or more 1D decoding programs that are indicated to be disabled by said parameter table; and

(f) wherein step (d) includes the steps of not attempting to decode said symbol in accordance with any one or more 2D decoding programs that are

5. The method of claim 2 in which said parameter table includes a parameter which, when disabled, disables all of said 2D decoding programs.

7. The method of claim 5 in which said scanning-decoding modes include at least one tracking mode.

8. The method of claim 5 in which said scanning-decoding modes include a plurality of non-tracking modes.

9. The method of claim 5 in which said scanning-decoding modes include at least one tracking mode and at least one non-tracking mode.

10. The method of claim 5 in which at least one of said parameters specifies a One Shot scanning-decoding mode.

11. The method of claim 5 in which at least one of said parameters specifies a Repeat Until Done scanning-decoding mode.

12. The method of claim 5 in which at least one of said parameters specifies a Repeat Until Stopped scanning-decoding mode.

18. In a reading apparatus of the type adapted to scan and decode image data that is optically encoded in one of a plurality of different types of 1D and 2D bar code symbols, in combination:

processing means responsive to an autodiscrimination program for controllably attempting to decode a bar code symbol of unknown type in accordance with a succession of different types of 1D and 2D decoding programs, each of said types of decoding programs corresponding to a respective one of said different types of bar code symbols, and to a menuing program for permitting a user to selectably enable the desired ones of a plurality of operating parameters that define the operating modes in which said reading apparatus may operate;

said operating parameters including at least a plurality of code option parameters each specifying whether or not at least one respective 1D or 2D decoding program is to be included among said succession of different types of decoding programs;

whereby a user may selectably enable a combination of code option parameters which increases the data throughput rate of the apparatus by causing the processing means to avoid having to fully execute decoding programs which are not enabled by said operating parameters.

33. In a reading apparatus of the type adapted to scan and decode image data that is optically encoded in a bar code symbol that uses an unknown one of a plurality of different 1D and 2D bar code symbologies, in combination:

an image sensor;

an image data memory for storing image data scanned from the field of view of said image sensor;

processing means including at least one programmable processor for controlling the scanning and decoding activity of said apparatus in accordance with;

(a) an autodiscrimination program that includes a plurality of decoding programs for use in successive attempts to decode image data in accordance with a plurality of different 1D and 2D bar code symbologies;

(b) a parameter table that stores a plurality of parameters that specify a plurality of different operating modes for said reading apparatus; and

(c) a menuing program for modifying said parameter table in accordance with operating mode options selected by a user;

said parameter table storing a plurality of code option parameters that include;

(a) at least one first code option parameter that specifies at least one 1D decoding program that may be disabled during the execution of said autodiscrimination program;

(b) at least one second code option parameter that specifies at least one 2D parameter that may be disabled during the execution of said autodiscrimination program;

whereby the data throughput rate of said reading apparatus is increased as a result of the non-enablement of the disabled ones of said code option parameters.

48. A method for performing 1D/2D autodiscrimination in an optical reading apparatus of the type including an image sensor, an image data memory for storing image data produced by said image sensor, and a decoding memory for storing a plurality of decoding programs for use in decoding respective types of optically encoded symbols including 1D bar code symbols, and including 2D matrix bar code symbols having one of a plurality of 2D finder patterns, including the steps of:

(a) using said image sensor to acquire a set of image data elements;

(b) storing said image data elements in said image data memory;

(c) calculating the activities of predetermined ones of said image data elements, and storing the resulting activities as an activity representation of said image data elements;

(d) producing two state approximations of said image data elements, and storing said approximations as a binary representation of said image data elements;

(e) determining, from said activity representation, whether there exists at least one region of high activity indicative of the presence of a 1D bar code symbol and, if at least one region of high activity exists;

1.) determining, for said at least one region, the direction of highest activity thereof;

2.) attempting to decode image data elements corresponding to at least one of said regions using said binary representation, at least one scan line parallel to the direction of highest activity of said region, and at least one 1D decoding program; and

(f) determining, from said binary representation, whether there exists at least one finder pattern indicative of the presence of a 2D bar code symbol and, if at least one finder pattern exists, attempting to decode said at least one 2D bar code symbol in accordance with the respective finder pattern and the respective one of said 2D decoding programs.