Reflective optically active diffractive device
First Claim
1. A liquid crystalline diffractive light modulating device comprising nematic liquid crystal material disposed between first and second substrates defining cell walls and including means for addressing said liquid crystal material, said first substrate being treated to provide a plurality of domains in which the liquid crystal adjacent said first substrate in a first of said domains is projected in a different direction than the liquid crystal adjacent said first substrate in a second of said domains, said substrates cooperating with said liquid crystal to form a plurality of liquid crystal domains extending between said first and second substrates wherein the alignment of the liquid crystal adjacent said second substrate is different than the alignment of said liquid crystal adjacent said first substrate, whereby light incident on said first and second domains through one said substrate and in phase, is reflected by the other of said substrates and exits said first and second domains through one said substrate out of phase, irrespective of the polarization of said incident light.
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Accused Products
Abstract
A reflective liquid crystalline diffractive light valve for use in a diffractive projection system. The liquid crystal cell includes a transparent substrate and a reflective substrate treated to provide alternating stripes which cooperate with the liquid crystal to form liquid crystal domains extending across the thickness of the cell that will produce an appropriate phase difference in light reflected by the cell, irrespective of the polarization of incident light. The techniques embodied in the present invention are applicable to the creation of electrically controllable diffractive optical elements for ray optic, integrated optic or fiber optic utilization operated in either transmission or reflection. Diffractive patterns may be lithographically, holographically or interferometrically generated.
166 Citations
58 Claims
- 1. A liquid crystalline diffractive light modulating device comprising nematic liquid crystal material disposed between first and second substrates defining cell walls and including means for addressing said liquid crystal material, said first substrate being treated to provide a plurality of domains in which the liquid crystal adjacent said first substrate in a first of said domains is projected in a different direction than the liquid crystal adjacent said first substrate in a second of said domains, said substrates cooperating with said liquid crystal to form a plurality of liquid crystal domains extending between said first and second substrates wherein the alignment of the liquid crystal adjacent said second substrate is different than the alignment of said liquid crystal adjacent said first substrate, whereby light incident on said first and second domains through one said substrate and in phase, is reflected by the other of said substrates and exits said first and second domains through one said substrate out of phase, irrespective of the polarization of said incident light.
- 13. A liquid crystalline diffractive light modulating device comprising nematic liquid crystal material disposed between first and second substrates defining cell walls and including means for addressing said liquid crystal material, said first substrate being treated to provide a plurality of first and second domains in which the liquid crystal material adjacent said first substrate in a first of said domains is projected in a different direction than the liquid crystal adjacent said first substrate in a second of said domains, said first domain having a first pretilt angle different than a second pretilt angle in said second domain, whereby light incident on said first and second domains through one said substrate and in phase, is reflected by the other of said substrates and exits said first and second domains through the one said substrate out of phase, irrespective of the polarization of said incident light.
- 22. A liquid crystalline diffractive light modulating device comprising nematic liquid crystal material disposed between first and second substrates defining cell walls and including means for addressing said liquid crystal material, said first and second substrates being treated to provide a plurality of domains in which the projection of the directors in a first domain are orthogonal to the projection directors in the second domain, wherein light incident on said first and second domains through one said substrate and in phase, is reflected by the other of said substrates and exits said first and second domains with about a half wave relative phase shift, irrespective of the polarization of said incident light.
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33. A method of making a liquid crystalline diffractive device comprising:
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a) providing first and second substrates to define cell walls, and including means for addressing a liquid crystal material; b) treating said first substrate with a first alignment layer to provide at least first and second domains adapted to promote different orientations of a liquid crystal material in said domains; c) treating said second substrate with a second alignment layer adapted to promote an orientation of a liquid crystal adjacent said second substrate that is different than the orientation promoted by said first and second domains of said first substrate, and to cooperate with said first alignment layer and a liquid crystal disposed therebetween, to produce liquid crystal domains extending between said substrates; and
,d) disposing a nematic liquid crystal material between said substrates to form liquid crystal domains extending between said substrates, whereby light incident on said first and second domains through one said substrate and in phase, is reflected by the other of said substrates and exits said first and second domains through one said substrate out of phase. - View Dependent Claims (34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41)
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42. A method of making a liquid crystalline diffractive device comprising:
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a) providing first and second substrates to define cell walls, and including means for addressing a liquid crystal material; b) treating said first substrate with a first alignment layer to provide a plurality of domains in which a first said domain will promote an orientation of a liquid crystal material in said first domain orthogonally to a liquid crystal orientation promoted by said second domain; c) treating said second substrate with a second alignment layer adapted to cooperate with said first alignment layer and a liquid crystal disposed therebetween, to produce first and second twisted nematic liquid crystal domains having opposite twist sense extending between said substrates; and
,d) disposing a nematic liquid crystal material between said substrates to form first and second liquid crystal domains extending between said substrates in which the projection of the directors on the substrate surface, of the liquid crystal in said first and second domains is substantially orthogonal, whereby light incident on said first and second domains through one said substrate and in phase, is reflected by the other of said substrates and exits said first and second domains through the one said substrate out of phase. - View Dependent Claims (43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49)
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50. A method of making a liquid crystalline diffractive device comprising:
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a) providing first and second substrates to define cell walls, and including means for addressing a liquid crystal material; b) treating said first substrate with a first alignment layer to provide a plurality of domains in which a first said domain will promote a first pretilt orientation of said liquid crystal material and a second pretilt orientation of said liquid crystal material, different than said first pretilt orientation in said second domain; c) treating said second substrate with a second alignment layer adapted to cooperate with said first alignment layer and a liquid crystal disposed therebetween, to produce first and second twisted nematic liquid crystal domains having opposite twist sense extending between said substrates; and
,d) disposing a nematic liquid crystal material between said substrates to form first and second liquid crystal domains extending between said substrates in which the projection of the directors on the substrate surface, of the liquid crystal in said first and second domains is substantially orthogonal, whereby light incident on said first and second domains through one said substrate and in phase, is reflected by the other of said substrates and exits said first and second domains through the one said substrate out of phase. - View Dependent Claims (51, 52)
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- 53. A liquid crystalline diffractive light modulating device comprising nematic liquid crystal material disposed between first and second substrates defining cell walls, wherein at least one of said substrates is transparent and including means for addressing said liquid crystal material, said first substrate being treated to provide a plurality of domains in which the liquid crystal adjacent said first substrate in a first of said domains is projected in a different direction than the liquid crystal adjacent said first substrate in a second of said domains, said substrates cooperating with said liquid crystal to form a plurality of liquid crystal domains extending between said first and second substrates wherein the alignment of the liquid crystal adjacent said second substrate is different than the alignment of said liquid crystal adjacent said first substrate, whereby light incident on said first and second domains through one said substrate and in phase, exits said first and second domains through one of said substrates out of phase, irrespective of the polarization of said incident light.
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56. A method of making a liquid crystalline diffractive device comprising:
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a) providing first and second substrates to define cell walls, wherein one of said first and second substrates is transparent and including means for addressing a liquid crystal material; b) treating said first substrate with a first alignment layer to provide at least first and second domains adapted to promote different orientations of a liquid crystal material in said domains; c) treating said second substrate with a second alignment layer adapted to promote an orientation of a liquid crystal adjacent said second substrate that is different than the orientation promoted by said first and second domains of said first substrate, and to cooperate with said first alignment layer and a liquid crystal disposed therebetween, to produce liquid crystal domains extending between said substrates; and
,d) disposing a nematic liquid crystal material between said substrates to form liquid crystal domains extending between said substrates, whereby light incident on said first and second domains through one of said substrates and in phase, exits said first and second domains through one of said substrates out of phase. - View Dependent Claims (57, 58)
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Specification