Method and apparatus that accounts for usage of digital applications

• US 5,825,883 A
• Filed: 10/31/1995
• Issued: 10/20/1998
• Est. Priority Date: 10/31/1995
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Iterval Systems, Inc., Trintech Technologies Ltd. (Trintech Holdings Ltd.)
• Original Assignee: Interval Systems Incorporated
• Inventors: Archibald, William Charles, Spielman, Terence Paul, Spielman, Jason
• Primary Examiner(s): Gregory, Bernarr E.
• Application Number:
  US08/551,124
• Time in Patent Office: 1,085 Days
• Field of Search: 380/4, 380/23, 380/24, 380/25, 380/49, 380/50, 380/59, 705/1, 705/26, 705/30, 705/34, 705/401, 705/412, 705/500
• US Class Current: 705/53
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 21/10 Protecting distributed programs or content, e.g. vending or licensing of copyrighted material protection in video systems or pay television H04N7/16 ; Digital rights management [DRM]
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 2221/2135 Metering
• CPC Class Codes: G06Q 20/0855 involving a third party
• CPC Class Codes: G06Q 20/1235 with control of digital rights management [DRM]
• CPC Class Codes: G06Q 20/145 Payments according to the detected use or quantity
• CPC Class Codes: G06Q 40/12 Accounting
• CPC Class Codes: G07F 15/08 with means for varying the tariff or changing the price
• CPC Class Codes: G07F 17/0014 for vending, access and use of specific services not covered anywhere else in G07F17/00 meter-controlled dispensing of liquid, gas or electricity G07F15/00

Abstract

A method and apparatus that accounts for utilization of digital applications on an as used basis is accomplished by compensating a publisher for each use of its digital application instead of a lump sum purchase price. This is done by embedding a tariff file within the digital application where a digital application may be a software application, a video file, a text file, and/or an image file. The embedded tariff file, which includes a digital application identification code and a publisher identification code, is used by a meter module to generate accounting information. The accounting message is routed to a collection agency which, in turn, generates debiting information for the user and crediting information for the publishers of the digital application.

Claims

1. A method for generating accounting data for use of a digital application in a communication network, the method comprising the steps of:

a) determining usage of the digital application by a user system;

b) retrieving a digital application identification code and publisher identification code which are affiliated with the digital application;

c) retrieving usage identification information from a meter data file that is associated with the user system when the meter data file is located; and

d) generating an accounting message from the usage identification information, the digital application identification code, the publisher identification code, ant the usage, wherein the accounting message identifies the user, the digital application, and an authority.

2. The method of claim 1 further comprises the step of sending the accounting message to the authority, when the user system is affiliated with the communication network.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein step (d) further comprises authenticating activation of the digital application.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein step (a) further comprises determining activation of a telecommunication program, a software program, or a multi-media program as activation of the digital application, wherein the multi-media program includes at least one of an audio file, a video file, a text file, or a graphics file.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the determining of activation of step (a) further comprises detecting a request from the user for the digital application.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the authentication of activation of step (d) further comprises verifying that the user has access privileges to the digital application.

7. The method of claim 6 further comprises receiving an acknowledgement response from the user system.

8. The method of claim 6, wherein the verifying the user'"'"'s access privileges further comprises accessing a privilege file that includes fields for digital application identification codes, digital application publishers, leasing or own, and discount information.

9. The method of claim 6, wherein the verifying the user'"'"'s access privileges further comprises accessing a trial use file that includes fields for digital application identification codes, digital application publishers, trial use privileges, and number of trial uses.

10. The method of claim 6, wherein the verifying the user'"'"'s access privileges further comprises accessing a benefit file that includes fields for identifying special benefits granted to the user such as special rates and special access privileges to nonpublic digital application.

11. The method of claim 1, wherein step (b) further comprises accessing a tariff file within the digital application to obtain the digital application identification code and the publisher identification code.

12. The method of claim 11, wherein step (b) further comprises retrieving, from the tariff file, at least one of an access control key, an encryption key, use interval, service pricing schedule, or size of free memory from the tariff file.

13. The method of claim 11, wherein the authentication of activation in step (d) further comprises executing a verification routine to detect inconsistencies in the tariff file.

14. The method of claim 11, wherein step (b) further comprises decrypting the tariff file to obtain the digital application identification code and the publisher identification code.

15. The method of claim 1, wherein step (c) further comprises preventing execution of the digital application when the meter data file cannot be located.

16. The method of claim 1, wherein step (b) further comprises retrieving at least one of a serial number of the digital application, pricing information, or authority identification code.

17. The method of claim 1, wherein step (c) further comprises retrieving at least one of a user identification code, an authority identification code, a usage identification code, or a meter data file identification code.

18. The method of claim 1, wherein step (d) further comprises generating the accounting message to identify amount of use and amount owed.

19. The method of claim 18, wherein step (d) further comprises generating a portion of the account message from a payment file that includes fields for digital application identification codes, publisher identification codes, pricing information, the amount of use, and the amount owed.

20. The method of claim 18, wherein steps (d) and (e) further comprises compiling the accounting message to generate an accounting history message and sending the accounting history message as the accounting message.

21. The method of claim 1, wherein step (e) further comprises determining a transmission path from a plurality of transmission paths to send the accounting message to the authority.

22. The method of claim 1, wherein steps (d) and (e) further comprise generating the accounting message to identify at least two authorities and sending relevant portions of the accounting message to each of the at least two authorities.

23. The method of claim 1, wherein step (d) further comprises identifying the authority to be at least one of the publisher or a collection agency.

24. The method of claim 1 further comprises verifying, during execution of the digital application, operation of the digital application based on check data embedded in multiple locations within the digital application.

25. The method of claim 24 further comprises decrypting the digital information to enable the execution of the digital information.

26. The method of claim 1 further comprises sending at least a portion of the accounting message to the user when a user accounting message is received.

27. The method of claim 1, wherein step (e) further comprises encoding at least the identity of the user within the accounting message so that the user has anonymity.

28. A method for generating usage accounting information of digital applications regardless of distribution channels, the method comprising the steps of:

a) detecting usage of a digital application by a user system;

b) obtaining a digital application identification code and a publisher identification code from the digital application;

c) obtaining a user identification code from a meter data file affiliated with the user system, when the meter data file is located; and

d) generating debiting information for the user system based on the usage of the digital application, where the debiting information includes the user identification code, the digital application identification code, the publisher identification code, and an amount of usage, such that when the digital application is used, regardless of how it was obtained, appropriate digital application suppliers can be compensated.

29. The method of claim 28, wherein step (c) further comprises obtaining an authority identification code from the meter data file, and step (d) further comprises transmitting the debiting information to an authority identified by the authority identification code when the user system is operably coupled to a communication network.

30. The method of claim 28, wherein step (c) further comprises, when the meter data file is not located,

requesting the user identification code from the user system;

and

creating the meter data file when the user identification code includes a network address.

31. The method of claim 30 further comprises:

initiating a display on the user system, wherein the display includes notification of usage terms, a request for the user identification code, and a request to continue processing.

32. The method of claim 28 further comprises, when the meter data file is not located, inhibiting usage of the digital application.

33. A computer readable memory tangibly embodying a program of instructions for directing a computer to perform digital information accounting, said program of instructions comprising:

determination means for causing the computer to detect when digital information is activated by a user system;

first retrieve means for causing the computer to retrieve a digital information code and a publisher identification code after activation of the digital information has been detected;

second retrieve means for causing the computer to retrieve usage information from a meter data file affiliated with the computer when the meter data file is located by the computer;

generation means for causing the computer to generate an accounting message from the usage information, the digital information identification code and the publisher identification code when activation has been authenticated; and

sending means for causing the computer to send the accounting message to an authority identified in the accounting message.

34. The computer readable memory of claim 33, wherein the generation means further comprises verification means for causing the computer to verify that the user system has access privileges to the digital information.

35. The computer readable memory of claim 33 further comprises execution means for causing the computer to enable the digital information such that the user system may execute the digital information.

36. A computer readable memory tangibly embodying a program of instructions that direct a computer to generate usage accounting information of a digital application regardless of distribution channels, said program of instructions comprising:

detecting means for causing the computer to detect usage of a digital application by a user system;

first obtaining means for causing the computer to obtain a digital application identification code and a publisher identification code from the digital application;

second obtaining means for causing the computer to obtain an user identification code from a meter data file that is affiliated with the user system when the meter data file is located; and

generation means for causing the computer to generate debiting information for the user system based on the usage of the digital information.

37. The computer readable memory of claim 36, wherein the second obtaining means further comprises means for causing the computer to obtain an authority identification code from the meter data file, and the generation means further comprises means for causing the computer to transmit the debiting information to an authority identified by the authority identification code when the user system is operably coupled to a communication network.

38. The computer readable memory of claim 36, wherein the second obtaining storage means further comprises, when the meter data file is not located,

means for causing the computer to request the user identification code from the user system;

and

means for causing the computer to create the meter data file when the user identification code includes a network address.

39. The computer readable memory of claim 38 further comprises:

means for causing the computer to display notification of usage terms, a request for the user identification code, and a request to continue processing on the user system.

40. The computer readable memory of claim 36 further comprises means for causing the computer to inhibit usage of the digital application when the meter data file is not located.

41. An apparatus for generating accounting information of digital application usages, the apparatus comprising

memory that stores usage detection program instructions, memory access program instructions, accounting message generation program instructions, and authority transmission program instructions;

usage memory that stores usage information; and

processor that performs the usage detection program instructions to detect activation of a digital application, performs the memory access instructions to retrieve the usage information from the usage memory and to retrieve a digital application identification code and a publisher identification code from the digital application, performs the accounting message generation program instructions to generate a usage accounting message, and performs the authority transmission program instructions to transmit the usage account message to an authority.

42. The apparatus of claim 41 further comprises an interface that is operably coupled to the processor and to a computer supporting the digital application.

43. The apparatus of claim 41 further comprises a cryptography section operably coupled to the processor, the cryptography section decrypts the digital application identification code and the publisher identification code.

44. The apparatus of claim 41 further comprises a cryptography section operably coupled to the processor, the cryptography section, upon a command from the processor, decrpyts the digital application and upon a second command from the processor, encrypts the digital application.

45. The apparatus of claim 41, wherein the memory further stores execution control program instructions, wherein, when the execution control program instructions are performed by the processor, the processor verifies integrity of execution of the digital information.

46. The apparatus of claim 41, wherein the usage memory further comprises an accounting buffer, the accounting buffer stores pricing information and accumulated usage information.

47. The apparatus of claim 41, wherein the usage memory further comprises a payment file, the payment file stores a record of payment for the user system.

48. The apparatus of claim 41 further comprises being implemented on an integrated circuit.

49. The computer of claim 41, wherein the accounting co-processor further comprises a cryptography section operably coupled to the processor, the cryptography section decrypts the digital application identification code and the publisher identification code and, upon a command from the processor, decrpyts the digital application and, upon a second command from the processor, encrypts the digital application.

50. A method for utilizing digital application accounting information, the method comprising the steps of:

a) receiving a digital application accounting information message;

b) extracting a digital application identification code, a user identification code, and usage information from the digital application accounting information message; and

c) generating debit information from the user identification code, the digital application identification code, and the usage information.

51. The method of claim 50, wherein step (a) further comprises receiving the digital application accounting information message via a network.

52. The method of claim 50, wherein step (c) further comprises obtaining price information to generate the debit information.

53. The method of claim 52 further comprises obtaining the price information by extracting the price information from the digital application identification code.

54. The method of claim 52 further comprises obtaining the price information by accessing a database.

55. The method of claim 52 further comprises obtaining special pricing information as part of the price information, where the special price information indicates at least one of a discount rate, rent-to-own information, or trial use.

56. The method of claim 50 further comprises determining method of payment to be one of a combination of debiting a user, debiting a user'"'"'s financial account, or debiting a user'"'"'s network account.

57. The method of claim 56 further comprises debiting, via the determined method of payment, a user that is identified by the usage information based on the debit information.

58. The method of claim 50 further comprises the step of generating credit information from the digital application identification code and the usage information.

59. The method of claim 58 further comprises the step of determining a method of credit to one of a combination of crediting a publisher, crediting a publisher'"'"'s financial account, or crediting a publisher'"'"'s network account.

60. The method of claim 59 further comprises the step of crediting, via the determined method of credit, a publisher identified by the digital application information based on the credit information.

61. The method of claim 50 further comprises updating a user-digital application use file to indicate most recent usage of the digital application by the user when a record exists for the user.

62. The method of claim 61 further comprises, when a user first uses a digital application, generating the record in the data base for the user.

63. A method for receiving payment of digital application usages, the method comprising the steps of:

a) determining user credits for a particular user by reading a user credit account;

b) receiving digital application use information for the particular user;

c) determining a debit amount from the digital application use information; and

d) debiting the user credit account by the debit amount.

64. The method of claim 63, wherein step (a) further comprises establishing the user credit account based on prepayment of the user credits.

65. The method of claim 63, wherein step (b) further comprises receiving a user identification code, amount of usage, and a digital application code as at least part of the digital application use information.

66. The method of claim 65, wherein step (c) further comprises determining the debit amount based on the digital application code, the amount of usage, and pricing information.

67. The method of claim 63, wherein step (d) further comprises debiting the user account, at timed intervals, during usage of the digital application.

68. The method of claim 67 further comprises notifying the particular user when the user account falls below a certain threshold.

69. The method of claim 68 further comprises transferring funds from a financial account of the particular user to the user account when prompted by the particular user.

70. A computer readable memory tangibly embodying a program of instructions for directing a computer to perform digital application payment, said program of instructions comprising:

receiving means for causing the computer to receive a digital application accounting information message;

extraction means for causing the computer to extract a digital application code, a user identification code, and usage information from the digital application accounting information message; and

generation means for causing the computer to generate debit information from the user identification code, the digital application identification code, and the usage information.

71. The computer readable memory of claim 70, wherein the extraction means further comprises means for causing the computer to obtain pricing information either from the digital application identification code or a database.

72. The computer readable memory of claim 70 further comprises debiting means for causing the computer to debit a user identified by the user identification code the debit amount via a direct debit, debiting a financial account of the user, or debiting a network account of the user.

73. The computer readable memory of claim 70 further comprises credit generation means for causing the computer to generate credit information from the digital application identification code and the usage information.

74. The computer readable memory of claim 73, wherein the credit generation means further comprises means for causing the computer to credit a publisher identified in the digital application identification code via a direct credit, crediting a financial account of the publisher, or crediting a network account of the publisher.

75. The computer readable memory of claim 70 further comprises database means for causing the computer to update a user-digital application database.

76. A computer readable memory tangibly embodying a program of instructions that directs a computer to receive payment of digital application usages, said program of instructions comprising:

means for causing the computer to maintain user credits for a particular user, thereby forming a user credit account;

receiving means for causing the computer to receive digital application use information;

determination means for causing the computer to determine a debit amount from the digital application use information; and

debiting means for causing the computer to debit the user credit account by the debit amount.

77. The computer readable memory of claim 76 wherein the debiting means further comprises means for causing the computer to debit the user credit account at time intervals while the digital application is in use.

78. The computer readable memory of claim 77, wherein the debiting means further comprises means for causing the computer, when the user account is below a threshold, to display a message that queries the user as to whether the user wishes to continue using the digital application and, when the user responds to continue, as to how additional credits are to be added to the user credit account.

79. A computer readable memory tangibly embodying a program of instructions that directs a computer to perform an application and to retrieve usage information, said instructions comprising:

application means for causing the computer to perform the application; and

information means for storing application information;

usage means for causing the computer to retrieve the application information and to send at least a portion of the application information to an accounting monitor; and

execution means for causing the computer to enable execution of the application program instructions when the computer receives an enablement signal from the accounting monitor.

81. The computer readable memory of claim 79 wherein the application means further comprises storing, throughout the application, check data and wherein the execution means further comprises verifying means for causing the computer to verify integrity of execution of the application based on the check data.

82. The computer readable memory of claim 81, wherein the verifying means further includes:

means for causing the computer to send a random number and at least a part of the application information to the accounting monitor and to receive a disable message from the accounting monitor when the random number does not match an anticipated value;

means for causing the computer to send a jump address table to the accounting monitor and to receive jump addresses from the accounting monitor;

or

means for causing the computer to send a range of response times and a random number to the accounting monitor and to receive the disable message when a next message is not received by the accounting monitor within the range of response times.

83. The computer readable memory of claim 79 further comprises termination means for causing the computer to send a termination message to the accounting monitor when execution of the application program instructions are terminated.

80. The computer readable memory of claimed 79, wherein the information means further functions to store at least one of application identification code, access control key, encryption key, charge interval, or pricing information as the application information.

84. A method for providing application information to an accounting monitor, the method comprising the steps of:

a) detecting a run command to execute an application program;

b) retrieving the application information from the application program;

c) sending at least a portion of the application information to the accounting monitor; and

d) executing the application program when an enablement signal is received from the accounting monitor.

85. The method of claim 84, wherein step (b) further comprises retrieving at least one of application identification code, access control key, encryption key, charge interval, or pricing information as the application information.

86. The method of claim 84 further comprises verifying integrity of execution of the application program based on check data, wherein the check data is stored throughout the application program.

87. The method of claim 86, wherein the step of verifying further comprises verify the execution of the application program by at least one of:

sending a random number and at least a part of the application information to the accounting monitor and receiving a disable message from the accounting monitor when the random number does not match an anticipated value;

sending a jump address table to the accounting monitor and receiving jump addresses from the accounting monitor;

or

sending a range of response times and a random number to the accounting monitor and receiving the disable message when a next message is not received by the accounting monitor within the range of response times.

88. The method of claim 84 further comprises sending a termination message to the accounting monitor when execution of the application program is terminated.

89. A computer readable memory tangibly embodying a program of instructions that directs a computer to end application information prior to execution of a program, the program of instructions comprising:

program means for causing the computer to perform the program; and

application means for storing application information related to the program and for causing the computer to send at least a portion of the application information to an accounting monitor.

90. A computer that retrieves use accounting information for digital applications, the computer comprising:

a central processing unit;

non-volatile memory operably coupled to the central processing unit;

volatile memory operably coupled to the central processing unit; and

accounting co-processor that is operably coupled to the central processing unit, the accounting co-processor includes;

memory that stores usage detection program instructions, memory access program instructions, accounting message generation program instructions, and authority transmission program instructions;

usage memory that stores usage information; and

processor that performs the usage detection program instructions to detect activation of a digital application, performs the memory access instructions to retrieve the usage information from the storage memory and to retrieve a digital application identification code and a publisher identification code from the digital application, performs the accounting message generation program instructions to generate a usage accounting message, and performs the authority transmission program instructions to transmit the usage account message to an authority.

91. The computer of claim 90, wherein the accounting co-processor further comprises an interface that is operably coupled to the processor and to the central processing unit.

92. The computer of claim 90, wherein the memory further stores execution control program instructions, wherein, when the execution control program instructions are performed by the processor, the processor verifies integrity of execution of the digital information.

93. A computer that retrieves use accounting information for digital applications, the computer comprising:

a central processing unit;

non-volatile memory operably coupled to the central processing unit; and

volatile memory operably coupled to the central processing unit;

wherein the non-volatile memory includes;

determination storage means for storing program instructions that cause the central processing unit to detect when a digital application is activated;

first retrieve storage means for storing program instructions that cause the central processing unit to retrieve a digital application identification code and a publisher identification code after activation of the digital application has been detected;

second retrieve storage means for storing program instructions that cause the central processing unit to retrieve usage information from a meter data file affiliated with the computer;

generation storage means for storing program instructions that cause the central processing unit to generate an accounting message from the usage information, the digital application identification code and the publisher identification code when activation has been authenticated; and

sending storage means for storing program instructions that cause the central processing unit to send the accounting message to an authority identified in the accounting message.

94. A method for generating user meter files for tracking digital application usage, the method comprising the steps of:

a) receiving a digital application identification code and a publisher identification code from a user system, the receiving indicates initialization of the digital application by the user system;

b) determining whether a user record exists for the user system;

c) when the user record does not exist, requesting a user system network identification code and a user account identification code from the user system; and

d) storing the user system network identification code and the user account identification code as the user record in a user database.

95. The method of claim 94 further comprises the steps of:

e) determining whether authority information exists for a publisher identified by the publisher identification code;

f) when the authority information does not exist, requesting an authority identification code from the publisher; and

g) storing the authority identification code in a publisher database when the authority identification code is received.

96. The method of claim 95 further comprises the step of:

h) generating a usage message to include the user account identification code, the digital information identification code, and the authority identification code.

97. The method of claim 96, wherein step (h) further comprises generating the usage message to include the publisher identification code.

98. The method of claim 96 further comprises sending the usage message to an authority identified by the authority identification code.

99. The method of claim 96, wherein step (h) further comprises generating the usage message to include amount of use.

100. The method of claim 94 further comprises, when the user system network identification code or the user account identification code is not received, preventing execution of the digital application.

101. A method for generating user account files for tracking digital application usage, the method comprising the steps of:

a) receiving a usage message that includes a digital application identification code, a publisher identification code, and a user account identification code;

b) determining whether a user record exists for a user identified by the user account identification code; and

c) when the user record does not exist, generating the user record to identify the user account identification code, the publisher identification code and the digital application identification code.

102. The method of claim 101, wherein step (c) further comprises determining the debit information by:

retrieving a publisher/application record to determine pricing information when the publisher/application record exists;

obtaining amount of use information; and

determining the debit information based on the pricing information and the amount of use information.

103. The method of claim 102 further comprises the steps of:

when the publisher/application record does not exist, requesting application information for a digital application identified by the digital application identification code from a publisher identified by the publisher identification code; and

when the digital application information is obtained, storing, with respect to the user, the application information as publisher/application record.

104. The method of claim 103, wherein the storing the application information further comprising storing, as the application information, at least one of trial use information, rent-to-own information, discount pricing information, and special privilege information.

105. The method of claim 101, wherein step (a) further comprises obtaining credit account information from the user account identification code, and wherein step (c) further comprising debiting the debit information from the credit account information.

106. A computer readable memory tangibly embodying a program of instructions for directing a computer to generate user meter files, the program of instructions comprising:

receive means for causing the computer to receive digital application information and a publisher identification code which indicate initialization of a digital application by a user system;

determine means for causing the computer to determine whether a user record exists in a user data base;

request means for causing the computer to request a user system network identification code and a user account identification code from the user system when the user record does not exist; and

store means for causing the computer to store the user system network identification code and the user account identification code as the user record in the user data base.

107. The computer readable memory of claim 106 further comprising:

means for causing the computer to determine whether authority information exists for a publisher identified by the publisher identification code;

means for causing the computer to request an authority identification code from the publisher when the authority information does not exist; and

means for causing the computer to store the authority identification code in a publisher data base.

108. A computer readable memory tangibly embodying a program of instructions for directing a computer to generate user account files, said program of instructions comprising:

receive means for causing the computer to receive a usage message, the usage message includes a digital application identification code, a publisher identification code, and a user account identification code;

determine means for causing the computer to determine whether a user record exists for a user identified by the user account identification code; and

generate means for causing the computer to generate the user record to identify the user account identification code, the publisher identification code, the digital application code, and debit information when the user record does not exist.

109. The computer readable memory of claim 108 further comprising:

means for causing the computer to retrieve pricing information from a publisher/application record when the publisher/application record exists;

means for causing the computer to obtain amount of use information; and

means for causing the computer to determine the debit information based on the pricing information and the amount of use information.

110. The computer readable memory of claim 109 further comprising:

means for causing the computer to request application information for a digital application identified by the digital application identification code from a publisher identified by the publisher identification code when the publisher/application record does not exist; and

means for causing the computer to store the application information with respect to the user record when the application information is obtained.