Upstream occulsion detection system

• US 5,827,223 A
• Filed: 08/31/1995
• Issued: 10/27/1998
• Est. Priority Date: 08/31/1995
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Carefusion 303 Incorporated (Becton, Dickinson & Co)
• Original Assignee: ALARIS Medical Systems, Inc. (Becton, Dickinson & Co)
• Inventors: Butterfield, Robert D.
• Primary Examiner(s): Buiz, Michael
• Assistant Examiner(s): MENDEZ, MANUEL A
• Application Number:
  US08/522,001
• Time in Patent Office: 1,153 Days
• Field of Search: 604/65, 604/49-53, 604/66, 604/67, 604/30-34, 128/DIG. 12, 128/DIG. 13
• US Class Current: 604/65
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2005/16872 Upstream occlusion sensors
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 5/16859 Evaluation of pressure response, e.g. to an applied pulse

Abstract

A pumping segment of a fluid line alternately in fluid communication with the upstream and downstream portions of the fluid line connects a fluid supply to a fluid receiver. A pressure sensor located downstream of the segment monitors the pressure during the segment'"'"'s communication with the upstream and downstream ends. The pressure difference is used to establish a pressure threshold against which the average pressure is compared to determine if an upstream occlusion exists. Should the average pressure fall within a cautionary zone, the pump is reversed to examine the pressure difference once again. Based on the pressure difference during the reversal, a pressure threshold line may be adjusted thereby adapting to fluid administration conditions.

Claims

1. A method for detecting the condition of a fluid delivery system that includes a fluid line having an upstream end coupled to a fluid supply and a downstream end coupled to a fluid receiver, the delivery system having a flow control means for operating on a fluid chamber to control the flow of the fluid in the fluid line, the method comprising the steps of:

(a) controlling fluid flow through the fluid line at a pumping segment between the upstream and downstream ends;

(b) alternately exposing the pumping segment to fluid pressure at the upstream end of the fluid line and to fluid pressure at the downstream end of the fluid line;

(c) sensing the pressure downstream of the pumping segment and providing a pressure signal;

(d) determining a value corresponding to an average downstream pressure;

(e) comparing said average pressure value to a primary threshold value; and

(f) activating an occlusion alarm in response to the average pressure value being less than said primary threshold value.

2. A method for detecting the condition of a fluid delivery system that includes a fluid line having an upstream end coupled to a fluid supply and a downstream end coupled to a fluid receiver, the delivery system having a flow control means for operating on a fluid chamber to control the flow of the fluid in the fluid line, the method comprising the steps of:

(a) controlling fluid flow through the fluid line at a pumping segment between the upstream and downstream ends;

(b) alternately exposing the pumping segment to fluid pressure at the upstream end of the fluid line and to fluid pressure at the downstream end of the fluid line;

(c) sensing the pressure downstream of the pumping segment and providing a pressure signal;

(d) determining a value corresponding to an average downstream pressure;

(e) comparing said average pressure value to a primary threshold value;

(f) comparing said average pressure value to a cautionary threshold value, said cautionary threshold value being greater than said primary threshold value; and

(g) activating a cautionary occlusion alarm in response to the average pressure value being less than said cautionary threshold value and greater than said primary threshold value.

3. The method of claim 2 including the further step of:

(h) activating a predetermined occlusion confirmation test in response to a cautionary occlusion alarm.

4. The method of claim 2 including, prior to step (e), the further steps of:

(i) determining a downstream pressure difference; and

(j) deriving said primary threshold value and said cautionary threshold value as a function of the downstream pressure difference.

5. A method for detecting the condition of a fluid delivery system that includes a fluid line having an upstream end coupled to a fluid supply and a downstream end coupled to a fluid receiver, the delivery system having a flow control means for operating on a fluid chamber to control the flow of the fluid in the fluid line, the method comprising the steps of:

(a) controlling fluid flow through the fluid line at a pumping segment between the upstream and downstream ends;

(b) alternately exposing the pumping segment to fluid pressure at the upstream end of the fluid line and to fluid pressure at the downstream end of the fluid line;

(c) sensing the pressure downstream of the pumping segment and providing a pressure signal;

(d) determining a value corresponding to an average downstream pressure;

(e) determining a downstream pressure difference;

(f) deriving a primary threshold value as a function of the downstream pressure difference; and

(g) comparing said average pressure value to the primary threshold value.

6. A method for detecting the condition of a fluid delivery system that includes a fluid line having an upstream end coupled to a fluid supply and a downstream end coupled to a fluid receiver, the delivery system having a flow control means for operating on the fluid chamber to control the flow of the fluid in the fluid line, the fluid upstream of the flow control means being at head pressure, the method comprising the steps of:

(a) controlling fluid flow through the fluid line at a pumping segment between the upstream and downstream ends;

(b) alternately exposing the pumping segment to fluid pressure at the upstream end of the fluid line and to fluid pressure at the downstream end of the fluid line;

(c) sensing the pressure downstream of the pumping segment and providing a pressure signal;

(d) monitoring the pressure signal and determining the downstream pressure difference between the pumping segment exposed to the downstream pressure and exposed to the upstream pressure;

(e) determining a primary threshold pressure as a function of said downstream pressure difference;

(f) monitoring and determining an average downstream pressure;

(g) comparing the average pressure to said primary threshold pressure; and

(h) generating an upstream occlusion signal in response to said average pressure being less than said primary threshold pressure.

7. The method of claim 6 further comprising the steps of:

(i) determining a cautionary threshold pressure as a function of said pressure difference;

(j) comparing the downstream pressure difference to said cautionary threshold pressure; and

(k) generating a potential occlusion signal in response to said average pressure being less than said cautionary threshold pressure.

8. The method of claim 7 wherein in response to a potential occlusion signal the method further comprises the steps of:

(l) reversing operation of said flow control means to open the upstream end of the pumping segment;

(m) resuming forward operation of said flow control means to open the downstream end of the pumping segment;

(n) determining a post-reversal downstream pressure difference occurring downstream end of the pumping segment is opened;

(o) comparing said post-reversal pressure difference to a post-reversal cut-off pressure; and

(p) generating an upstream occlusion signal if said post-reversal pressure difference exceeds said post-reversal cut-off pressure.

9. The method of claim 8 further comprising the steps of:

(q) adjusting the cautionary threshold if said post reversal pressure difference is less than said post-reversal cut-off pressure.

10. The method of claim 8 further comprising the step of:

(r) adjusting the cautionary threshold if said post-reversal pressure difference exceeds said post-reversal cut-off pressure.

11. The method of claim 6 further comprising the step of:

(s) comparing the pressure difference to a primary cut-off pressure.

12. The method of claim 10 wherein step (s) is performed prior to step (e), and steps (g) and (h) are performed in response to the pressure difference exceeding said primary cutoff pressure.