System and method for dynamic adjustment of filtering in an alarm system

• US 5,831,524 A
• Filed: 04/29/1997
• Issued: 11/03/1998
• Est. Priority Date: 04/29/1997
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Pittway Corporation (Honeywell International Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Pittway Corporation (Honeywell International Inc.)
• Inventors: Tice, Lee D., Anderson, Donald D.
• Primary Examiner(s): Crosland, Donnie L.
• Application Number:
  US08/840,393
• Time in Patent Office: 553 Days
• Field of Search: 340/506, 340/514, 340/511, 340/510, 340/588, 340/589, 340/870.17, 364/550, 364/551.01, 364/557, 364/572, 364/138, 364/139, 364/141
• US Class Current: 340/506
• CPC Class Codes: G08B 17/10 Actuation by presence of smoke or gases , e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means
• CPC Class Codes: G08B 29/185 Signal analysis techniques for reducing or preventing false alarms or for enhancing the reliability of the system
• CPC Class Codes: G08B 29/188 Data fusion; cooperative systems, e.g. voting among different detectors

Abstract

A system and a method for dynamically adjusting a level of filtering or smoothing applied to data received from fire detectors produces shortened response times for detection of a fire condition while at the same time minimizing the effects of uncorrelated noise in the absence of any fire condition. An increasing probability of a fire results in less filtering. Increasing values of the input signal from a respective detector, indicative of an increasing selected ambient condition such as combustion or temperature, provide a control input for reducing or bypassing the level of filtering of the respective input signal thereby reducing system response time. Where the unfiltered input data from a respective detector indicates a combustion or temperature profile moving toward clear air, the filtering or smoothing level can also be dynamically decreased thereby enabling the filtered signal values to return to their respective clear air values faster than would otherwise be the case. Detectors can be grouped and multiple unfiltered outputs can be assessed substantially simultaneously to determine whether or not levels of filtering or smoothing for the members of the group should be dynamically decreased.

Claims

1. A method of processing a signal from an ambient condition detector wherein a selected profile, when present, is indicative of the presence of a predetermined condition;

the method comprising;

smoothing the signal to a selected degree, so as to minimize noise not correlated with the profile, thereby producing a smoothed signal; and

detecting in the signal the presence of the selected profile, and, in response thereto decreasing the degree of smoothing.

2. A method as in claim 1 wherein execution of the decreasing step is in response to detecting an increasing profile.

3. A method as in claim 2 wherein the selected profile is indicative of the presence of a fire.

4. A method as in claim 1 wherein execution of the decreasing step is in response to detecting a parameter indicative of a decreasing profile.

5. A method as in claim 1 wherein execution of the decreasing step is in response to detecting a non-fire condition.

6. A method as in claim 5 wherein the non-fire condition corresponds to the signal exhibiting a value characteristic of clear air.

7. A method as in claim 6 including determining if the smoothed signal is exhibiting a value characteristic of clear air, and in response thereto increasing the degree of smoothing a predetermined amount.

8. A method as in claim 1 which includes substantially bypassing the smoothing step in response to detecting a selected parameter of the profile.

9. A method as in claim 1 wherein the smoothed signal is processed to determine if the predetermined condition is present.

10. A method as in claim 1 wherein at least the smoothing step is carried out at the respective detector.

11. A method as in claim 1 which includes, prior to the smoothing step, transmitting a representation of the signal from the detector to a displaced processor.

12. A method of processing a signal from an ambient condition sensor wherein a selected signal profile, when present, is indicative of the potential presence of a fire, the method comprising:

filtering the signal to a selected degree so as to minimize noise not correlated with the profile, thereby producing a filtered signal; and

detecting in the signal the presence of at least one parameter potentially indicative of the presence of a fire and in response to a detected presence, altering the degree of filtering a predetermined amount; and

processing the filtered signal to detect the presence of an alarm condition.

13. A method as in claim 12 wherein in response to a detected increasing presence, the degree of filtering is decreased a predetermined amount.

14. A method as in claim 12 wherein the filtering step includes averaging over a selected number of samples of the signal.

15. A method as in claim 13 wherein in response to a detected decreasing presence, the degree of filtering is increased.

16. A method as in claim 12 wherein in response to a selected increase in a magnitude value of the signal the filtering step is bypassed.

17. A method as in claim 12 wherein in response to a selected increase in a value of the slope of the signal the filtering step is bypassed.

18. A method as in claim 12 wherein the filtering step includes digitally processing the signal to implement a filtering process.

19. A method as in claim 12 wherein the detecting step includes comparing a plurality of signal values to a predetermined threshold and reducing the degree of filtering in response to a selected number of values exceeding that threshold.

20. A method as in claim 12 wherein in the detecting step, in response to the signal returning toward a clear air value, the degree of filtering is reduced a predetermined amount.

21. A method as in claim 20 wherein in the detecting step, in response to the filtered signal substantially returning to a corresponding clear air value, increasing the smoothing a predetermined degree.

22. A method of processing signals from a plurality of ambient condition detectors wherein the signals are each indicative of an ambient condition in the vicinity of a respective detector, the method comprising:

filtering each of the signals from the detectors in a selected group, which includes at least two detectors, thereby producing a plurality of filtered signals; and

determining for each signal if a predetermined profile is present, and, in response to a detected profile, reducing a degree of filtering associated with at least some members of the group.

23. A method as in claim 22 wherein the degree to which filtering is reduced is affected by the number of detectors in the group which are exhibiting the profile.

24. A method as in claim 22 which includes:

determining for each signal if a predetermined parameter is decreasing, and in response to a detected decreasing parameter, decreasing a degree of filtering associated with at least some members of the group.

25. A method as in claim 22 wherein the filtering step for at least the detectors in the group includes carrying out a filtering process using a prior filtered value for the respective detector, a current signal value for the respective detector, and a parameter indicative of the number of detectors in the group which are exhibiting the increasing parameter.

26. A method as in claim 25 wherein the filtering step is bypassed, for at least some of the detectors in the group, in response to at least one signal from a detector in the group exhibiting a parameter which exceeds a predetermined value.

27. An ambient condition detecting system comprising:

a control unit;

a communications link coupled to the control unit;

a plurality of ambient condition detectors coupled to the link wherein the detectors provide electrical signals, indicative of adjacent ambient conditions, to the control unit via the link, wherein the control unit includes circuitry for filtering to a selected degree at least one of the electrical signals, to reduce uncorrelated noise thereby producing a respective filtered signal, and wherein the control unit includes further circuitry to detect the presence of a predetermined profile in the one signal, and in response thereto, to dynamically alter the degree of filtering.

28. A system as in claim 27 wherein the control unit includes further circuitry for determining if the profile is changing in a way indicative of an increasing ambient condition and in response thereto reducing the degree of filtering.

29. A system as in claim 27 wherein the control unit includes further circuitry for determining if the profile is changing in a way indicative of a decreasing ambient condition and in response thereto decreasing the degree of filtering, and including further circuitry for subsequently increasing the degree of filtering.

30. A system as in claim 27 wherein the control unit includes circuitry for processing the respective filtered signal to determine if a predetermined condition is present.

31. A system as in claim 27 wherein the control unit includes circuitry for filtering to a respective selected degree a plurality of electrical signals thereby producing a plurality of respective filtered signals and wherein the control unit includes further circuitry to detect the presence of a predetermined profile in at least some of the signals, and in response thereto, dynamically altering the degree of filtering.

32. A system as in claim 31 wherein the control unit includes further circuitry to process at least some of the filtered signals to determine the presence of a selected ambient condition in the vicinity of at least some of the detectors.

33. A system as in claim 31 wherein the control unit includes circuitry for bypassing the filtering circuitry in response at least one of the signals exhibiting a selected condition.

34. A system as in claim 27 wherein the control unit includes a programmed processor and a storage unit which includes a plurality of instructions for carrying out a filtering process.

35. A system as in claim 34 wherein the instructions include further instructions for carrying out at least one exponential-like filtering process.

36. A system as in claim 35 wherein the exponential-like filtering process includes at least one filtering parameter and wherein the altering circuitry includes at least one different pre-stored filtering parameter.

37. An ambient condition detecting system comprising:

at least one ambient condition sensor;

a processor for receiving an electrical signal from the sensor wherein the processor includes circuitry for filtering the signal to a selected degree and circuitry for determining if the signal exhibits a predetermined profile, and in response thereto reducing the degree of filtering.

38. A system as in claim 37 wherein the sensor is carried in a housing and the processor is displaced from the housing.