Dual mode boost converter and method of operation thereof

• US 5,831,846 A
• Filed: 08/22/1997
• Issued: 11/03/1998
• Est. Priority Date: 08/22/1997
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Lineage Power Corporation (General Electric Company)
• Original Assignee: Lucent Technologies, Inc. (Nokia Corporation)
• Inventors: Jiang, Yimin
• Primary Examiner(s): Wong, Peter S.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Han, Y. J.
• Application Number:
  US08/916,319
• Time in Patent Office: 438 Days
• Field of Search: 323/222, 323/224, 323/271, 323/282, 363/44, 363/84, 363/123, 363/124, 363/125, 363/126, 363/143, 363/59, 363/60, 363/61, 363/62
• US Class Current: 363/125
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 1/4208 Arrangements for improving power factor of AC input
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 70/10 Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes

Abstract

A boost converter, a method of operating the same and a power converter employing the boost converter or the method. In one embodiment, the boost converter includes: (1) a rectifier bridge having first and second input nodes and first and second output nodes, the second input node couplable to a source of AC power, (2) an inductor coupled to the first input node and couplable to the source of AC power, (3) first and second switches, coupled to first and second capacitors of the boost converter and the first and second input nodes, respectively, that are controllable to apply AC power from the source of AC power to the inductor and (4) a contactor, coupled between an intermediate node in the rectifier bridge and the node between the first and second capacitors, that is controllable to achieve alternative open and closed states in which: (4a) in the open state, the first and second switches are coupled in series across the source of AC power and (4b) in the closed state, the first switch is coupled across the source of AC power to reduce an overall loss associated with the first and second switches.

Claims

1. A boost converter, comprising:

a rectifier bridge having first and second input nodes and first and second output nodes, said second input node couplable to a source of AC power;

an inductor coupled to said first input node and couplable to said source of AC power;

first and second switches, coupled to first and second capacitors of said boost converter and said first and second input nodes, respectively, that are controllable to apply AC power from said source of AC power to said inductor; and

a contactor, coupled between an intermediate node in said rectifier bridge and said node between said first and second capacitors, that is controllable to achieve alternative open and closed states in which;

in said open state, said first and second switches are coupled in series across said source of AC power, and

in said closed state, said first switch is coupled across said source of AC power to reduce an overall loss associated with said first and second switches.

2. The boost converter as recited in claim 1 wherein said first and second switches are coupled to a node between serially-coupled first and second capacitors, said first and second capacitors being coupled across said first and second output nodes and cooperating to provide an output voltage of said boost converter.

3. The boost converter as recited in claim 1 further comprising a converter controller, coupled to said contactor, that maintains said contactor in said open state when a peak voltage of said AC power is more than half of an output voltage of said boost converter.

4. The boost converter as recited in claim 1 further comprising a converter controller, coupled to said first and second switches that supplies a common drive signal to said first and second switches.

5. The boost converter as recited in claim 4 wherein, when said contactor is in said open state, said converter controller is capable of supplying interleaved drive signals to said first and second switches.

6. The boost converter as recited in claim 4 wherein said common drive signal is pulse-width modulated (PWM).

7. The boost converter as recited in claim 1 wherein said contactor is further coupled to a second intermediate node in said rectifier bridge, said contactor being controllable such that:

in said closed state, said first and second switches are coupled in parallel across said source of AC power to allow said first and second switches to share a current of said AC power.

8. A method of operating a boost converter including a rectifier bridge having first and second input nodes and first and second output nodes, said second input node couplable to a source of AC power, an inductor coupled to said first input node and couplable to said source of AC power and first and second switches, coupled to first and second capacitors of said boost converter and said first and second input nodes, respectively, that are controllable to apply AC power from said source of AC power to said inductor, said method comprising the steps of:

opening a contactor, coupled between an intermediate node in said rectifier bridge and said node between said first and second capacitors, to couple said first and second switches in series across said source of AC power; and

closing said contactor to couple said first switch across said source of AC power to reduce an overall loss associated with said first and second switches.

9. The method as recited in claim 8 wherein said first and second switches are coupled to a node between serially-coupled first and second capacitors, said first and second capacitors coupled across said first and second output nodes, said method comprising the step of providing an output voltage of said boost converter with said first and second capacitors.

10. The method as recited in claim 8 further comprising the step of maintaining said contactor in said open state when a peak voltage of said AC power is more than half of an output voltage of said boost converter.

11. The method as recited in claim 8 further comprising the step of supplying a common drive signal to said first and second switches.

12. The method as recited in claim 11 further comprising the step of supplying interleaved drive signals to said first and second switches when said contactor is in said open state.

13. The method as recited in claim 11 further comprising the step of pulse-width modulating said common drive signal.

14. The method as recited in claim 8 wherein said step of closing comprises the step of coupling said first and second switches in parallel across said source of AC power to allow said first and second switches to share a current of said AC power.

15. A power converter, comprising:

an electromagnetic interference (EMI) filter coupled to a source of AC power;

a boost converter, including;

a rectifier bridge having first and second input nodes and first and second output nodes, said second input node couplable to said EMI filter,

an inductor coupled to said first input node and couplable to said EMI filter,

serially-coupled first and second capacitors, coupled across said first and second output nodes, that cooperate to provide an output voltage of said boost converter,

first and second switches, coupled to a node between said first and second capacitors and said first and second input nodes, respectively, that are controllable to apply AC power from said source of AC power to said inductor,

a contactor, couplable between an intermediate node in said rectifier bridge and said node between said first and second capacitors, that is controllable to achieve alternative open and closed states in which;

in said open state, said first and second switches are coupled in series across said EMI filter, and

in said closed state, said first switch is coupled across said source of AC power to reduce an overall loss associated with said first and second switches, and

a converter controller, coupled to said first and second switches and said contactor, that operate said boost converter to provide regulated DC power from said AC power; and

a DC/DC converter, coupled to said boost converter, that converts said regulated DC power to DC power of a lower voltage.

16. The power converter as recited in claim 15 wherein said converter controller maintains said contactor in said open state when a peak voltage of said AC power is more than half of said output voltage and closed state when said peak voltage of said AC power is less than half of said output voltage.

17. The power converter as recited in claim 15 wherein said converter controller supplies a common drive signal to said first and second switches.

18. The power converter as recited in claim 15 wherein, when said contactor is in said open state, said converter controller is capable of supplying interleaved drive signals to said first and second switches.

19. The power converter as recited in claim 17 wherein said common drive signal is pulse-width modulated (PWM).

20. The power converter as recited in claim 15 wherein said contactor is further coupled to a second intermediate node in said rectifier bridge, said contactor being controllable such that:

in said closed state, said first and second switches are coupled in parallel across said source of AC power to allow said first and second switches to share a current of said AC power.