Composite microporous carbons for fuel gas storage

• US 5,837,741 A
• Filed: 08/19/1996
• Issued: 11/17/1998
• Est. Priority Date: 08/23/1995
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Syracuse University
• Original Assignee: Syracuse University
• Inventors: Bandosz, Teresa J., Schwarz, James A., Jagiello, Jacek, Putyera, Karol, Amankwah, Kwabena A. G.
• Primary Examiner(s): COONEY, JOHN M
• Application Number:
  US08/699,487
• Time in Patent Office: 820 Days
• Field of Search: 502/413, 502/416, 502/417, 502/418, 502/526, 521/531, 521/50, 521/131, 521/124, 521/125, 206/0.7
• US Class Current: 521/124
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 20/20 comprising free carbon; comprising carbon obtained by carbonising processes
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 21/18 Carbon
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 37/084 Decomposition of carbon-containing compounds into carbon
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 502/526 Sorbent for fluid storage, other than an alloy for hydrogen storage

Abstract

A method of making a microporous carbon material which includes providing a precursor selected from the group consisting of crystalline salts of aromatic sulfonates and nonporous polymeric salts. Prior to carbonization, the precursor is treated by ion exchange or other conventional processes to introduce a metal such as iron, nickel and cobalt into the precursor. Heat treatment of such composite precursors in the temperature range of 350° to 850° C. in an inert oxygen free atmosphere for a sufficient time promotes thermally induced hydrogen abstraction and rearrangement of BSUs which result in the formation of a composite, carbonaceous microporous material which contains a metal component, and has a pore size distribution in the range of about 4-15 Å A. The structural and storage characteristics of the microporous carbon materials are also disclosed.

Claims

1. A microporous carbon adsorbent material which is the product of the pyrolysis of an organic precursor which contains a metal component, said material being suitable for use as a storage media for light gases, and having a uniform pore size distribution of micropores in the range of about 4 to 15 Å

A, and a total specific surface area greater than about 600 m² /gm.

2. The material of claim 1 in which the metal component is selected from the group consisting of iron, nickel and cobalt.

3. The material of claim 1 in which the metal component is selected from the group consisting of elements which form stable carbides.

4. The material of claim 1 in which the metal is selected from elements which form alloys or intermetallic compounds.

5. The material of claim 6 in which the metal activates methane.

6. The material of claim 1 in which the micropores comprise at least about 50% of surface area of the material.

12. The material of claim 5 in which the metal is magnesium.

13. The material of claim 1 in which the precursor is selected from the group consisting of a crystaline aromatic sulfonate which contains a metal component and a nonporous polymeric salt which contains a metal component.

7. A method of making a composite microporous carbon material which comprises;

(a) providing a polymeric precursor selected from the group consisting of a crystalline aromatic sulfonate which contains a metal component and a nonporous polymeric salt which contains a metal component; and

(b) carbonizing said precursor in an oxygen free atmosphere at a temperature in the range of about 350°

to 1000°

C. for a time sufficient to promote thermally induced hydrogen abstraction and rearrangement of basic structural units which result in the formation of a carbonaceous microporous material having a uniform pore size distribution of micropores.

8. The method of claim 7 in which the carbonizing time ranges from about 1 to 4 hours.

9. The method of claim 7 in which the precursor is heated to the carbonizing temperature at the rate of about 5-15 deg/min.

10. The method of claim 7 in which the pore size distribution of the carbonaceous material is in the range of about 4-15 Å

A.

11. The method of claim 7 in which the metal component of the precursor is selected from the group consisting of iron, nickel, cobalt;

elements which form stable carbides, metal alloys and intermetallic compounds; and

metals that activate methane.