Variable angle multiple detector nuclear medicine gantry

• US 5,838,009 A
• Filed: 11/27/1996
• Issued: 11/17/1998
• Est. Priority Date: 11/27/1996
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Picker International, Inc. (Marconi Holdings Company Limited)
• Original Assignee: Picker International, Inc. (Marconi Holdings Company Limited)
• Inventors: Plummer, Steven J., Barnes, Jacin C.
• Primary Examiner(s): Wong, Don
• Application Number:
  US08/757,874
• Time in Patent Office: 720 Days
• Field of Search: 250/363.04, 250/363.02, 250/363.05, 250/363.08, 250/369
• US Class Current: 250/363.05
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 6/037 Emission tomography
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 6/4258 for detecting non x-ray radiation, e.g. gamma radiation A61B6/037 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G01T 1/1642 using a scintillation crystal and position sensing photodetector arrays, e.g. ANGER cameras

Abstract

A transformable gamma camera includes detectors mounted for circumferential movement with respect to a rotating gantry. The rotating gantry includes radial bores at desired angular positions about the rotating gantry. The stationary gantry includes a docking station such as a bore. A coupling mechanism allows the detectors to be coupled to the bores in the rotating gantry or to the docking station. Each of the detectors is movable radially with respect to the rotating gantry'"'"'s axis of rotation and tangentially to the imaging region. The gamma camera is readily transformable between 120 degree, orthogonal, and opposed detector configurations; a plurality of aperture sizes can also be defined.

Claims

1. A gamma camera comprising:

a first member;

a rotating gantry;

two or more detectors;

means for rotating the rotating gantry with respect to the first member; and

means for selectively coupling at least one of the detectors to the to the first member and the rotating gantry such that the rotating gantry may be rotated with respect to the detector when the detector is coupled to the first member and the detector rotates with the rotating gantry when coupled to the rotating gantry.

2. The gamma camera of claim 1 wherein the means for selectively coupling comprises a locking pin.

3. The gamma camera of claim 2 wherein the rotating gantry comprises one or more bores adapted to receive the locking pin.

4. The gamma camera of claim 3 wherein the locking pin comprises portions having a larger and a smaller cross section the smaller cross section being disposed at the distal end of the locking pin.

5. The gamma camera of claim 1 comprising:

three detectors, the first detector being mounted in a fixed angular position with respect to the rotating gantry; and

means for selectively coupling the second and third detectors to the first member and the rotating gantry such that the rotating gantry may be rotated with respect to the second and third detectors when the second and third detectors are coupled to the first member and the second and third detectors rotate with the rotating gantry when coupled to the rotating gantry.

6. The gamma camera of claim 1 wherein each detector is movable in a direction substantially parallel to its face.

7. The gamma camera of claim 1 wherein each detector is movable in a direction substantially perpendicular to its face.

8. The gamma camera of claim 1 further comprising:

a transmission radiation source;

means for selectively coupling the transmission radiation source to the rotating gantry and the first member such that the rotating gantry may be rotated with respect to the transmission radiation source when the transmission radiation source is coupled to the first member and the transmission radiation source rotates with the rotating gantry when coupled to the rotating gantry.

9. The gamma camera of claim 1 wherein the first member is a stationary gantry.

10. A gamma camera comprising:

a rotating gantry selectively rotatable about an imaging region;

a first detector;

means for rotating the rotating gantry about the imaging region; and

means for selectively coupling the first detector to and selectively decoupling the first detector from the rotating gantry such that the first detector rotates about the imaging region in response to rotation of the rotating gantry when coupled to the rotating gantry but does not rotate about the imaging region in response to rotation of the rotating gantry when decoupled from the rotating gantry.

11. The gamma camera of claim 10 wherein the gamma camera comprises a first member and further comprising means for selectively coupling the first detector to the first member.

12. The gamma camera of claim 11 wherein the first member is a stationary gantry.

13. The gamma camera of claim 10 wherein the first detector remains at a fixed angular position with respect to the rotating gantry when coupled thereto, the gamma camera further comprising:

a second detector mounted in a fixed angular position with respect to the rotating gantry for rotation therewith;

a docking station;

means for selectively coupling the first detector to the docking station;

means for rotating the rotating gantry about the axis of rotation whereby, when the first detector is coupled to the docking station, the rotating gantry may be rotated until the first and second detectors reach a desired relative angular position and whereby, when the first and second detectors have reached the desired relative angular position, the first detector may be coupled to the rotating gantry for rotation therewith.

14. The gamma camera of claim 10 wherein the gamma camera has an imaging region and further comprising means for moving the first detector in a direction tangential to the imaging region and radially with respect to the axis of rotation.

15. A method for transforming the configuration of a gamma camera having a rotating gantry selectively rotatable about an axis of rotation and a first detector selectively coupleable to the rotating gantry for rotation therewith, the method comprising the steps of:

uncoupling the first detector from the rotating gantry;

rotating the rotating gantry about the axis of rotation; and

coupling the first detector to the rotating gantry.

16. The method of claim 15 wherein the gamma camera comprises a docking station, the method further comprising the step of coupling the first detector to the docking station.

17. The method of claim 15 wherein the rotating gantry comprises a bore and the step of uncoupling the first detector comprises the step of retracting a locking pin from the bore.

18. The method of claim 15 wherein the gamma camera comprises a second detector coupled to the rotating gantry and wherein the step of rotating comprises rotating the rotating gantry until the first and second detectors reach a desired relative angular position with respect to the rotating gantry.

19. The method of claim 18 further comprising the steps of:

uncoupling the second detector from the rotating gantry;

rotating the rotating gantry about the axis of rotation until the first and second detectors reach a desired relative angular position; and

coupling the second detector to the rotating gantry.

20. The method of claim 18 wherein the desired relative angular position is 120 degrees.

21. A gamma camera comprising:

a stationary frame;

a rotating gantry;

a first detector coupled to the rotating gantry;

a second detector;

means for selectively coupling the second detector to the rotating gantry and the stationary frame to vary the relative angular position of the detectors about the rotating gantry.

22. A method of varying the configuration of a gamma camera including a rotating member selectively rotatable about an imaging region, first and second detectors, and a stationary member, the first and second detectors being coupled to the rotating member for rotation therewith, the method comprising the steps of:

uncoupling the second detector from the rotating member;

coupling the second detector to the stationary member;

rotating the rotating member until the first and second detectors reach a desired relative angular position;

uncoupling the second detector from the stationary member;

coupling the second detector to the rotating member for rotation therewith.

23. The method of claim 22 wherein the relative angular position is 90 degrees.

24. The method of claim 22 wherein the relative angular position is 102 degrees.

25. The method of claim 22 wherein the relative angular position is 120 degrees.

26. The method of claim 22 wherein the relative angular position is 180 degrees.

27. The method of claim 22 wherein the relative angular position is 135 degrees.

28. The method of claim 22 further comprising the step of rotating the rotating member until the second detector is located at a 6 o'"'"'clock position prior to uncoupling the second detector from the rotating member.

29. The method of claim 22 wherein the gamma camera comprises a third detector, the method further comprising the steps of:

uncoupling the third detector from the rotating member;

coupling the third detector to the stationary member;

rotating the rotating gantry until the second and third detectors reach a desired relative angular position;

uncoupling the third detector from the stationary member;

coupling the third detector to the rotating member for rotation therewith.

30. The method of claim 29 wherein the desired angular position between the second and third detectors is 120 degrees.

31. The method of claim 22 wherein the step of coupling the second detector to the rotating member comprises the step of inserting a locking pin in an aperture located on the rotating member.

32. The method of claim 22 wherein the gamma camera comprises a transmission radiation source, the method further comprising the steps of:

uncoupling the transmission radiation source from the rotating member;

coupling the transmission radiation source to the stationary member;

rotating the rotating gantry until the transmission radiation source reaches a desired relative position with respect to at least one of the first and second detectors; and

coupling the transmission radiation source to the rotating member for rotation therewith.

33. A gamma camera comprising:

a rotating gantry portion, the rotating gantry portion being selectively rotatable about an imaging region and adapted to receive a coupling device at at least first and second angular positions;

a first detector assembly coupled to the rotating gantry portion at a third angular position such that rotation of the rotating gantry portion causes the first detector to rotate about the imaging region; and

a second detector assembly;

a coupling device operatively connected to the rotating gantry portion and the second detector assembly and having a coupled position wherein rotation of the rotating gantry portion causes the second detector assembly to rotate about the imaging region and a decoupled position wherein rotation of the rotating gantry does not cause the second detector assembly to rotate about the imaging region;

an actuator operatively connected to the coupling device so as to selectively urge the coupling device between the coupled and decoupled positions;

whereby the relative angular positions of the first and second detector assemblies may be selectively varied.

34. The apparatus of claim 33 wherein the coupling device comprises a first pin and the rotating gantry portion comprises a plurality of apertures adapted to receive the first pin when the coupling device is in the coupled position.

35. The apparatus of claim 34 wherein the coupling device comprises a second pin and the and the gamma camera comprises a stationary gantry portion having a docking aperture adapted to receive the second pin when the coupling device is in the uncoupled position.

36. The apparatus of claim 33 wherein the actuator is mounted to the second detector assembly.