Method, apparatus and computer program products to display objects using windows

• US 5,844,559 A
• Filed: 10/07/1996
• Issued: 12/01/1998
• Est. Priority Date: 10/07/1996
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Apple Inc.
• Original Assignee: Apple Computer Incorporated (Apple Inc.)
• Inventors: Guha, Ramanathan V.
• Primary Examiner(s): Bayerl, Raymond J.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Nguyen, Cao H.
• Application Number:
  US08/729,689
• Time in Patent Office: 785 Days
• Field of Search: 345/348, 345/339, 345/340, 345/341, 345/334, 345/342, 345/123, 345/973
• US Class Current: 715/846
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/0481 based on specific properties of the displayed interaction object or a metaphor-based environment, e.g. interaction with desktop elements like windows or icons, or assisted by a cursor's changing behaviour or appearance

Abstract

Methods, apparati and computer program products prepare objects for display in a window. Objects which would otherwise not be displayed because they have a position outside the borders of the window are repositioned to be displayed inside the window at a position near the border of the window that indicates the original position of the object. Objects that have been repositioned according to the present invention may also have other characteristics modified, such as size, shape, color or display intensity. Where objects are arranged in a hierarchy, they may be displayed in a color corresponding to their level in the hierarchy.

Claims

1. A method for displaying, in a window comprising

an outer area and an inner area, each area being located within the window and having a plurality of locations, at least one object in a plurality of objects, each object having an original position, the method comprising:

a. selecting one of the objects;

b. determining whether the selected object has an original position outside the window;

c. responsive to the selected object having an original position outside the window, selecting a location in the outer area of the window;

d. responsive to the selected object having an original position inside the window, selecting a location in the inner area of the window; and

e. displaying the selected object at the window location selected.

2. The method of claim 1 wherein the window has at least one position identifier and step b;

comprises comparing at least one position identifier of the selected object with at least one position identifier of the window.

3. The method of claim 2 comprising the additional steps of:

f. selecting as the selected object at least one of the objects different from the object selected in step a; and

g. repeating steps b-e.

4. The method of claim 3 comprising the additional step of:

h. repeating steps f-g for each object in the plurality that was not selected in steps a and f.

5. The method of claim 3 wherein each object has an original size, the method additionally comprising:

responsive to the selected object having an original position outside the window, comparing the size of the selected object with a predetermined size;

responsive to the size of the selected object exceeding the predetermined size, selecting a size corresponding to the predetermined size; and

responsive to the size of the selected object not exceeding the predetermined size, selecting the original size of the selected object; and

wherein the displaying step comprises displaying the selected object at the selected size.

6. The method of claim 5 wherein the characteristics of the objects additionally comprise at least one selected from an original shape, an original color and an original intensity, the method additionally comprising:

responsive to the selected object having a original position outside the window, selecting at least one characteristic selected from a new shape different from the original shape, a new color different from the original color and a new intensity different from the original intensity; and

responsive to the selected object having an original position inside the window, selecting at least one characteristic selected from the original shape, the original color and the original intensity; and

wherein the displaying step comprises displaying the object using at least one characteristic selected from the shape, color and intensity selected.

7. The method of claim 3 wherein selecting a location in the outer area of the window comprises selecting a location in the outer area of the window nearer to the original position of the object than most of the locations in the outer area of the window.

8. The method of claim 7 wherein selecting a location in the outer area of the window additionally comprises:

determining whether the selected location corresponds to another object; and

responsive to the selected location corresponding to another object, selecting another location in the outer area of the window.

9. The method of claim 1 wherein at least one of the objects in the plurality has a level in a hierarchy, and wherein step e comprises:

determining the level in the hierarchy of the object; and

rendering the object in a color responsive to the determined level in the hierarchy.

10. An apparatus for preparing for display, in a window having a position and comprising an outer area and an inner area, each area being located within the window and having a plurality of locations, at least one object in a plurality of objects, each object having an original position described by a position identifier, the apparatus comprising:

at least one window coordinate input corresponding to the position of the window;

a position adjuster having;

a window coordinate input coupled to the apparatus window coordinate input;

an object position identifier input coupled to receive the original position identifier of the object; and

an output selectively providing the position identifier received at the object position identifier input responsive to the original position of the object fully inside the window described by the window coordinate input, and an identifier corresponding to a location in the outer area of the window responsive to the original position of the object at least partially outside the window; and

a position output coupled to the position identifier output.

11. The apparatus of claim 10 wherein the position of the window comprises at least one coordinate describing at least a part of the position of the window and the position adjuster additionally comprises a comparator comprising:

a window input coupled to the position adjuster window coordinate input;

an object input coupled to the object position identifier input; and

at least one comparator having;

a first input coupled to the window input to receive one of the window coordinates;

a second input coupled to the object input to receive one of the object position identifiers corresponding to the window coordinate received at the first input; and

a first output coupled to at least one comparator output having a first state responsive to the object position identifier at the second input having a value indicating a position inside the window described by the window coordinate at the first input and a second state responsive to the object position identifier at the second input having a value not indicating a position inside the window described by the window coordinate at the first input.

12. The apparatus of claim 10 wherein each of the objects additionally has an address, the apparatus additionally comprising:

an addressable object storage having an address input and an output for storing the plurality of objects at a plurality of addressable locations and providing at least one of the objects to the output responsive to the address of the at least one object presented at the address input; and

a retriever having an input coupled to the object storage output for retrieving at least one of the plurality of objects from the object storage and presenting said object and an output coupled to the object position identifier input of the position adjuster.

13. The apparatus of claim 10 additionally comprising a display filter having an input coupled to the retriever output for accepting at least one object characteristic, a criteria input for accepting at least one criteria and an output coupled to the object position identifier input of the position adjuster for providing at least a portion of the object characteristics received at the input responsive to the criteria input.

14. The apparatus of claim 10 wherein at least one of the objects additionally has at least one display characteristic selected from size, shape, color and brightness and the position adjuster is additionally for selectively substituting for objects identified as having a position identifier describing a display position at least partially outside the window, and presenting at its output, at least one display characteristic selected from size, shape, color and brightness different from said display characteristic received at the input.

15. The apparatus of claim 10 wherein a plurality of the objects have a hierarchical level indicator, wherein the apparatus additionally comprises a hierarchical level color selector comprising an input coupled to receive at least a portion of the hierarchical level indicator of the object and an output providing a color indicator responsive to the input.

16. An apparatus for preparing for display, in a window having a position and comprising an outer area and an inner area, each area being located within the window and having a plurality of locations, at least one object in a plurality of objects, each object having an original position described by a position identifier, wherein the position of the window comprises at least one coordinate describing at least a part of the position of the window, the apparatus comprising:

at least one window coordinate input corresponding to the position of the window;

a position adjuster having;

a window coordinate input coupled to the apparatus window coordinate input;

an object position identifier input coupled to receive the original position identifier of the object; and

an output selectively providing the position identifier received at the object position identifier input responsive to the original position of the object fully inside the window described by the window coordinate input, and an identifier corresponding to a location in the outer area of the window responsive to the original position of the object at least partially outside the window; and

a comparator comprising;

a window input coupled to the position adjuster window coordinate input;

an object input coupled to the object position identifier input; and

at least one comparator having;

a first input coupled to the window input to receive one of the window coordinates; and

a second input coupled to the object input to receive one of the object position identifiers corresponding to the window coordinate received at the first input; and

a position output coupled to the position identifier output;

a window input coupled to the position adjuster window coordinate input;

an object input coupled to the object position identifier input; and

at least one comparator having;

a first input coupled to the window input to receive one of the window coordinates; and

a second input coupled to the object input to receive one of the object position identifiers corresponding to the window coordinate received at the first input; and

a first output coupled to at least one comparator output having a first state responsive to the object position identifier at the second input having a value indicating a position inside the window described by the window coordinate at the first input and a second state responsive to the object position identifier at the second input having a value not indicating a position inside the window described by the window coordinate at the first input;

wherein the position identifiers comprise a plurality of coordinates and the position adjuster additionally comprises an adjuster comprising;

a window input coupled to the window coordinate input;

an object input coupled to the object position identifier input; and

a plurality of computational units, each having;

a first input coupled to the position adjuster window input to receive one of the window coordinates;

as a second input coupled to the position adjuster object input to receive one of the object coordinates corresponding to the window coordinate received at the first input;

a third input having a first state and a second state coupled to one of the comparator outputs;

a fourth input;

a first output coupled to the fourth input of another computational unit corresponding to an opposite border of the window to provide a number substantially equal to a difference between the first and second computational units; and

at least one output coupled to the position adjuster output for providing a coordinate substantially equal to;

the coordinate received at the second input mathematically combined using an operator selected from addition or subtraction with the fourth input responsive to the third input in the first state; and

the coordinate received at the first input responsive to the third input in the second state.

17. A computer program product comprising a computer usable medium having computer readable code embodied therein for displaying, in a window comprising an outer area and an inner area, each area being located within the window and having a plurality of locations, at least one object in a plurality of objects, each object having an original position, the computer program product comprising:

a. computer readable program code devices configured to cause a computer to select one of the objects;

b. computer readable program code devices configured to cause a computer to determine whether the selected object has an original position outside the window;

c. computer readable program code devices configured to cause a computer to select a location in the outer area of the window responsive to the selected object having an original position outside the window;

d. computer readable program code devices configured to cause a computer to select a location in the inner area of the window responsive to the selected object having an original position inside the window; and

e. computer readable program code devices configured to cause a computer to display the selected object at the window location selected.

18. The computer program product of claim 17 wherein the window has at least one position identifier and the computer readable program code devices configured to cause the computer to determine whether the selected object has an original position outside the window comprise computer readable program code devices configured to cause the computer to compare at least one position identifier of the selected object with at least one position identifier of the window.

19. The computer program product of claim 18 additionally comprising:

f. computer readable program code devices configured to cause the computer to select as the selected object at least one of the objects different from the object selected by computer readable program code devices a; and

g. computer readable program code devices configured to cause the computer to execute computer readable program code devices b-e.

20. The computer program product of claim 19 wherein each object has an original size, the computer program product additionally comprising:

computer readable program code devices configured to cause the computer to compare the size of the selected object with a predetermined size responsive to the selected object having an original position outside the window;

computer readable program code devices configured to cause the computer to select a size corresponding the predetermined size responsive to the size of the selected object exceeding the predetermined size;

computer readable program code devices configured to cause the computer to select the original size of the selected object responsive to the size of the selected object not exceeding the predetermined size; and

wherein the computer readable program code devices configured to cause the computer to display comprise computer readable program code devices configured to cause the computer to display the selected object at the size selected size.

21. The computer program product of claim 20 wherein the characteristics of the objects additionally comprise at least one selected from an original shape, an original color and an original intensity, the computer program product additionally comprising:

computer readable program code devices configured to cause the computer to select at least one characteristic selected from a new shape different from the original shape, a new color different from the original color and a new intensity different from the original intensity responsive to the selected object having an original position outside the window, and

wherein the computer readable program code devices configured to cause the computer to display comprise computer readable program code devices configured to cause the computer to display the object corresponding to at least one characteristic selected from the shape, color and intensity selected.

22. The computer program product of claim 19 wherein the computer readable program code devices configured to cause the computer to select a location in the outer area of the window comprises computer readable program code devices configured to cause the computer to select a location in the outer area of the window nearer to the original position of the object than most of the locations in the outer area of the window.

23. The computer program product of claim 19 wherein the computer readable program code devices configured to cause the computer to select a location in the outer area of the window additionally comprises:

computer readable program code devices configured to cause the computer to determine whether the selected location corresponds to another object; and

computer readable program code devices configured to cause the computer to select another location in the outer area of the window responsive to the selected location corresponding to another object.

24. The computer program product of claim 18 additionally comprising:

h. computer readable program code devices configured to cause the computer to execute computer readable program code devices f-g for each object in the plurality that was not selected by computer readable program code devices a and f.

25. The computer program product of claim 17 wherein at least one of the objects in the plurality has a level in a hierarchy, and the computer readable program code devices configured to cause the computer to display the object comprises:

computer readable program code devices configured to cause the computer to identify the level in the hierarchy of the object; and

computer readable program code devices configured to cause the computer to render the object in a color responsive to the level in the hierarchy identified.

26. An apparatus for displaying, in a window comprising an outer area and an inner area, each area being located within the window and having a plurality of locations, at least one object in a plurality of objects, each object having an original position, the apparatus comprising:

a. means for selecting one of the objects;

b. means for determining whether the selected object has an original position outside the window;

c. means for selecting a location in the outer area of the window responsive to the selected object having an original position outside the window;

d. means for selecting a location in the inner area of the window responsive to the selected object having an original position inside the window; and

e. means for displaying the selected object at the window location selected.

27. The apparatus of claim 26 wherein the window has at least one position identifier and the means for determining comprises means for comparing at least one position identifier of the selected object with at least one position identifier of the window.

28. The apparatus of claim 27 additionally comprising:

f. means for selecting as the selected object at least one of the objects different from the object selected in step a.

29. The apparatus of claim 28 wherein the means for selecting a location in the outer area of the window comprises means for selecting a location in the outer area of the window nearer to the original position of the object than most of the locations in the outer area of the window.

30. The apparatus of claim 28 wherein the means for selecting a location in the outer area of the window additionally comprises:

means for determining whether the selected location corresponds to another object; and

means for selecting another location in the outer area of the window responsive to the selected location corresponding to another object.

31. The apparatus of claim 28 additionally comprising:

g. means for sequentially selecting as the selected object each object in the plurality that was not selected by means a or f.

32. The apparatus of claim 28 wherein each object has an original size, the apparatus additionally comprising:

means for comparing the size of the object with a predetermined size responsive to the selected object having an original position outside the window;

means for selecting a size corresponding to the predetermined size responsive to the size of the selected object exceeding the predetermined size; and

means for selecting the original size of the selected object responsive to the size of the selected object not exceeding the predetermined size; and

wherein the means for displaying comprises means for displaying the selected object at the selected size.

33. The apparatus of claim 32 wherein the characteristics of the objects additionally comprise at least one selected from an original shape, an original color and an original intensity, the apparatus additionally comprising:

means for selecting at least one characteristic selected from a new shape different from the original shape, a new color different from the original color and a new intensity different from the original intensity responsive to the selected object having an original position outside the window; and

means for selecting at least one characteristic selected from the original shape, the original color and the original intensity responsive to the selected object having an original position inside the window; and

wherein the means for displaying comprises means for displaying the object using at least one characteristic selected from the shape, color and intensity selected.

34. The apparatus of claim 26 wherein at least one of the objects in the plurality has a level in a hierarchy, and the means for displaying the object comprises:

means for determining the level in the hierarchy of the object; and

means for rendering the object in a color responsive to the determined level in the hierarchy.