Airbag inflator with consumable igniter tube

• US 5,845,933 A
• Filed: 12/24/1996
• Issued: 12/08/1998
• Est. Priority Date: 12/24/1996
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Morton International Incorporated (Autoliv Incorporated)
• Original Assignee: Autoliv ASP Incorporated (Autoliv Incorporated)
• Inventors: Walker, Kerry C., Jackson, Scott A., Fulmer, Brian H.
• Primary Examiner(s): Ellis, Christopher P.
• Application Number:
  US08/773,457
• Time in Patent Office: 714 Days
• Field of Search: 280/741, 280/736, 280/728.1, 422/165, 422/166
• US Class Current: 280/741
• CPC Class Codes: B60R 2021/26041 of elongated shape
• CPC Class Codes: B60R 21/2644 using only solid reacting substances, e.g. pellets, powder
• CPC Class Codes: F42B 3/04 for producing gas under pressure generators of inflation fluid especially adapted for vehicle air bags B60R21/26
• CPC Class Codes: F42C 19/0826 comprising an elongated perforated tube, i.e. flame tube, for the transmission of the initial energy to the propellant charge, e.g. used for artillery shells and kinetic energy penetrators

Abstract

A consumable igniter tube for a solid fuel passenger side airbag inflator is provided. The igniter tube is composed of a thin metallic material, such as aluminum foil, that has it walls being at least partially, and preferably essentially fully devoured, almost instantaneously upon ignition of the primary igniter charge that is initially confined within the tube. The entire combustion products produced from the burning igniter charge, including hot gases as well as hot burning particulates, are thereby released through the openings created in the consumed igniter tube walls and vented into the adjacent combustion chamber that contains the solid fuel gas generant. All of the burning igniter products are thus used to ignite the solid fuel gas generant, which, upon ignition, generates inflation gases that eventually exit the inflator into a folded airbag in order to inflate and deploy the airbag into the passenger compartment of the vehicle. The igniter tube advantageously does not act as a heat sink to reduce heat transfer between the burning igniter charge and gas generant, since the walls of the igniter are consumed and vanish almost instantaneously upon ignition of the igniter charge. The igniter tube, accordingly, does not confine the solid burning particulates generated from the ignited igniter charge, thereby allowing for even more effective heat transfer from the ignited igniter to the solid fuel gas generant.

Claims

1. An igniter for use in a vehicle airbag assembly, which comprises:

an elongated igniter enclosure for containing an igniter charge, said enclosure being made of a consumable metallic material;

an igniter charge confined within said enclosure; and

,

an initiator for igniting said igniter charge,

in which said enclosure is consumed upon ignition of the igniter charge to provide one or more openings in said enclosure for venting essentially all ignition products of the igniter charge therefrom.

2. The igniter of claim 1, in which said enclosure is essentially fully consumed upon ignition of said igniter charge.

3. The igniter of claim 1, in which said consumable metallic material is aluminum.

4. The igniter of claim 1, in which said enclosure has a wall thickness of less than about 0.02 inch.

5. The igniter of claim 1, in which said enclosure has a wall thickness of less the about 0.015 inch.

6. The igniter of claim 1, in which said enclosure has a wall thickness of between about 0.002 and about 0.015 inch.

7. The igniter of claim 1, in which said enclosure comprises annular elongated consumable tube having two opened ends, with one end being closed by a consumable end wall and the other end being closed by said initiator.

8. The igniter of claim 1, in which said consumable end wall is integral with the one end of the consumable tube.

9. The igniter of claim 7, in which said annular tube is generally cylindrical in shape.

10. The igniter of claim 7, in which said annular tube is generally conical in shape and tapers inward towards said consumable end wall.

11. The igniter of claim 1, in which said igniter charge is a solid pyrotechnic composition.

12. The igniter of claim 1, in which said igniter is disposed adjacent to an ignitable gas generant material that is contained in a housing of an inflator used for inflation of an inflatable cushion.

13. An inflator for inflating an automotive airbag, which comprises:

an elongated generally cylindrical housing having a closed first end and an opened second end;

a centrally disposed igniter closing said second end of said housing, said igniter comprising an elongated igniter tube composed of a consumable metallic material axially extending within said housing a distance from said second end towards said closed first end, said consumable igniter tube having a closed first end facing said closed first end of said housing and an opposite opened second end, said second end of said igniter tube being closed by electric initiator, said consumable igniter tube further having an igniter charge confined therein;

an elongated generally annular combustion chamber extending essentially along the length of said housing and generally surrounding said igniter in flow communication therewith, said combustion chamber containing a gas generant;

an elongated generally annular gas filter chamber generally surrounding said combustion chamber in flow communication therewith, said gas filter chamber containing one or more filters; and

,

a gas diffuser outlet disposed on a selected portion of said housing for directing generated inflation gases from said filter chamber out of said housing for inflating an automotive airbag,

in which said consumable igniter tube is consumed upon ignition of the igniter charge to provide at least one opening in said igniter tube for transferring substantially all ignition products of the burning igniter charge into said combustion chamber.

14. The igniter of claim 13, in which said igniter tube is composed of a consumable metallic material is aluminum.

15. The inflator of claim 13, in which said igniter tube is essentially fully consumed upon ignition of said igniter charge.

16. The inflator of claim 13, in which said igniter tube extends within said housing from said second end a partial distance towards said first end.

17. The inflator of claim 13, in which said igniter tube extends within said housing essentially along the entire length thereof from said second end to said first end.

18. The inflator of claim 13, in which said igniter charge is a solid pyrotechnic composition.

19. The inflator of claim 13, in which said gas generant is a solid pyrotechnic composition.

20. The inflator of claim 13, in which said igniter tube is composed of consumable aluminum having a wall thickness of less than about 0.02 inch.

21. The inflator of claim 13, in which said igniter tube is composed of consumable aluminum having a wall thickness of less than about 0.015 inch.

22. The inflator of claim 13, in which said igniter tube is composed of consumable aluminum having a wall thickness of between about 0.002 inch and about 0.015 inch.

23. The inflator of claim 13, in which said igniter tube is perforated.

24. The inflator of claim 13, in which said igniter tube contains a rapid deflagration cord set inside the tube.