Reagent including an osmium-containing redox mediator
First Claim
Patent Images
1. A reagent for an electrochemical device that measures an analyte from a fluid sample, comprising:
- a redox mediator and an enzyme, the redox mediator having the formula ##STR5## wherein R and R'"'"' are the same or different and are 2,2'"'"'-bipyridyl, 4,4'"'"'-disubstituted-2,2'"'"'-bipyridyl, 5,5'"'"'-disubstituted-2,2'"'"'-bipyridyl, 1,10-phenanthrolinyl, 4,7-disubstituted-1,10-phenanthrolinyl, or 5,6-disubstituted-1,10-phenanthrolinyl, wherein the disubstitution is a methyl, ethyl, or phenyl group,R and R'"'"' are coordinated to Os at their nitrogen atoms,R" is hydrogen, methyl or ethyl,Z is chloro or bromo,m is +2,X is an anion and is chloride, bromide, iodide, fluoride, tetrafluoroborate, perchlorate, nitrate, sulfate, carbonate, or sulfite,Y is an anion and is chloride, bromide, iodide, fluoride, tetrafluoroborate, perchlorate or nitrate, andn is 1 or zero,but when X is sulfate, carbonate, or sulfite, n is zero,wherein the aqueous solubility of the redox mediator is greater than about 1 millimolar, andwherein the redox mediator is reduced by a reaction involving the enzyme, the analyte, and the redox mediator, and the redox mediator is in sufficient amount such that oxidation of the reduced form of the redox mediator produces a current that correlates to the concentration of the analyte in the fluid sample, andthe enzyme is in sufficient amount to catalyze the reaction involving the enzyme, the analyte, and the redox mediator.
4 Assignments
0 Petitions
Accused Products
Abstract
A new group of Os(II) and Os(III) compounds useful as redox mediators in electrochemical biosensors. These compounds have 1) low oxidation potential, 2) fast reaction kinetics between the electroactive center of an enzyme and the compound, 3) slow oxidation of osmium by oxygen, and 4) excellent solubility in aqueous medium. These mediators are particularly useful as a component of a reagent used in an electrochemical biosensor, wherein the biosensor is useful for measuring analytes from a biological fluid, such as blood.
-
Citations
25 Claims
-
1. A reagent for an electrochemical device that measures an analyte from a fluid sample, comprising:
-
a redox mediator and an enzyme, the redox mediator having the formula ##STR5## wherein R and R'"'"' are the same or different and are 2,2'"'"'-bipyridyl, 4,4'"'"'-disubstituted-2,2'"'"'-bipyridyl, 5,5'"'"'-disubstituted-2,2'"'"'-bipyridyl, 1,10-phenanthrolinyl, 4,7-disubstituted-1,10-phenanthrolinyl, or 5,6-disubstituted-1,10-phenanthrolinyl, wherein the disubstitution is a methyl, ethyl, or phenyl group, R and R'"'"' are coordinated to Os at their nitrogen atoms, R" is hydrogen, methyl or ethyl, Z is chloro or bromo, m is +2, X is an anion and is chloride, bromide, iodide, fluoride, tetrafluoroborate, perchlorate, nitrate, sulfate, carbonate, or sulfite, Y is an anion and is chloride, bromide, iodide, fluoride, tetrafluoroborate, perchlorate or nitrate, and n is 1 or zero, but when X is sulfate, carbonate, or sulfite, n is zero, wherein the aqueous solubility of the redox mediator is greater than about 1 millimolar, and wherein the redox mediator is reduced by a reaction involving the enzyme, the analyte, and the redox mediator, and the redox mediator is in sufficient amount such that oxidation of the reduced form of the redox mediator produces a current that correlates to the concentration of the analyte in the fluid sample, and the enzyme is in sufficient amount to catalyze the reaction involving the enzyme, the analyte, and the redox mediator. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19)
-
-
11. A reagent for an electrochemical device that measures an analyte from a fluid sample, comprising:
-
an enzyme, a buffer, and a redox mediator having the formula ##STR7## wherein R and R'"'"' are the same or different and are 2,2'"'"'-bipyridyl, 4,4'"'"'-disubstituted-2,2'"'"'-bipyridyl, 5,5'"'"'-disubstituted-2,2'"'"'-bipyridyl, 1,10-phenanthrolinyl, 4,7-disubstituted-1,10-phenanthrolinyl, or 5,6-disubstituted-1,10-phenanthrolinyl, wherein the disubstitution is a methyl, ethyl, or phenyl group, R and R'"'"'are coordinated to Os at their nitrogen atoms, R" is hydrogen, methyl or ethyl, Z is chloro or bromo, m is +1, X is an anion and is chloride, bromide, iodide, fluoride, tetrafluoroborate, perchlorate, or nitrate, wherein the aqueous solubility of the redox mediator is greater than about 1 millimolar, wherein the redox mediator is oxidized by a reaction involving enzyme, analyte, and the redox mediator, and the redox mediator is in sufficient amount such that reduction of the oxidized form of the redox mediator produces a current that correlates to the concentration of the analyte in the fluid sample, the enzyme is in sufficient amount to catalyze the reaction involving enzyme, analyte, and the redox mediator, and the buffer has a lower reduction potential than the oxidized form of the redox mediator and is in sufficient amount to provide and maintain a pH at which the enzyme catalyzes the reaction involving enzyme, analyte, and the redox mediator. - View Dependent Claims (12, 13, 20, 21, 22, 23)
-
-
24. A reagent for use in an electrochemical device that measures glycerol from a fluid sample, which before drying comprises:
-
a mixture of a buffer polymer matrix, glycerol-3-phosphate oxidase, glycerol kinase and a redox mediator in the ratio of about 1 milliliter buffer polymer matrix to about 1,333 units of glycerol-3-phosphate oxidase, to about 3,333 units of glycerol kinase, to about 4.7 micromoles redox mediator, the redox mediator having the formula ##STR11## wherein R and R'"'"' are the same or different and are 2,2'"'"'-bipyridyl, 4,4'"'"'-disubstituted-2,2'"'"'-bipyridyl, 5,5'"'"'-disubstituted-2,2'"'"'-bipyridyl, 1,10-phenanthrolinyl, 4,7-disubstituted-1,10-phenanthrolinyl, or 5,6-disubstituted- 1,10-phenanthrolinyl, wherein the disubstitution is a methyl, ethyl, or phenyl group, R and R'"'"' are coordinated to Os at their nitrogen atoms, R" is hydrogen, methyl or ethyl, Z is choro or bromo, m is +1, X is an anion and is chloride, bromide, iodide, fluoride, tetrafluoroborate, perchiorate, or nitrate, wherein the aqueous solubility of the redox mediator is greater than about 1 millimolar, the buffer polymer matrix comprising about 150 millimolar N-2-hydroxyethylpiperazine-N'"'"'-2-ethanesulfonic acid, about 20 millimolar magnesium sulfate, about 1% (by weight) polyvinyl alcohol, and about 15 millimolar adenosine triphosphate, wherein the buffer polymer matrix is at a pH of about 8. - View Dependent Claims (25)
-
Specification