Contact-killing non-leaching antimicrobial materials

• US 5,849,311 A
• Filed: 10/28/1996
• Issued: 12/15/1998
• Est. Priority Date: 10/28/1996
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Surfacine Development Company LLC
• Original Assignee: Biopolymerix, Inc., Surfacine Development Company LLC
• Inventors: Yurkovetskiy, Alexander, Shalon, Tadmor, Sawan, Samuel P., Subramanyam, Sundar
• Primary Examiner(s): Levy, Neil S.
• Application Number:
  US08/736,823
• Time in Patent Office: 778 Days
• Field of Search: 424/404-409, 424/417, 424/419, 424/421, 424/486, 424/78.34, 424/78.35, 424/617, 424/618, 424/630, 424/639, 424/641, 424/644, 424/646-649, 424/655, 514/492-505, 514/634, 514/635, 604/403, 523/122
• US Class Current: 424/406
• CPC Class Codes: A01N 2300/00 Combinations or mixtures of active ingredients covered by classes A01N27/00 - A01N65/48 with other active or formulation relevant ingredients, e.g. specific carrier materials or surfactants, covered by classes A01N25/00 - A01N65/48
• CPC Class Codes: A01N 25/24 containing ingredients to enhance the sticking of the active ingredients
• CPC Class Codes: A01N 25/34 Shaped forms, e.g. sheets, not provided for in any other sub-group of this main group
• CPC Class Codes: A01N 47/44 Guanidine; Derivatives thereof
• CPC Class Codes: A01N 59/16 Heavy metals; Compounds thereof
• CPC Class Codes: A61J 1/145 using air filters
• CPC Class Codes: A61J 1/1456 using liquid filters
• CPC Class Codes: A61J 1/1468 Containers characterised by specific material properties
• CPC Class Codes: A61L 2/16 using chemical substances
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2239/0471 Surface coating material
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2323/12 Specific ratios of components used
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2325/48 Antimicrobial properties
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 39/00 Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 39/16 of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 67/0088 Physical treatment with compounds, e.g. swelling, coating or impregnation
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 67/009 with wave-energy, particle-radiation or plasma
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 69/02 characterised by their properties
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 69/12 Composite membranes; Ultra-thin membranes
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 69/141 Heterogeneous membranes, e.g. containing dispersed material; Mixed matrix membranes
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 69/1411 containing dispersed material in a continuous matrix
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 71/022 : Metals
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 71/02231 : Palladium

Abstract

An antimicrobial material is described which can be used to form on the surface on a substrate a non-leaching antimicrobial coating or layer which kills microorganisms on contact. The non-leaching antimicrobial coating or layer is a unique combination of an organic matrix immobilized on the surface of the substrate to having biocidal metallic materials non-leachably associated with the matrix. When a microorganism contacts the coating or layer, the biocidal metallic material is transferred to the microorganism in amounts sufficient to kill it.

Claims

1. A contact-killing, non-leaching antimicrobial material, capable of killing microorganisms which come into contact with the material, said material comprising an organic polycationic polymer matrix having non-leachably bound or complexed thereto an antimicrobial metallic material, such that the antimicrobial material does not release biocidal amounts of elutables into the surrounding environment.

2. The material of claim 1 wherein said antimicrobial metallic material is a metallic material selected from the group consisting of a metal, a metal salt, a metal complex, a metal alloy and combinations thereof.

3. The material of claim 2 wherein said metal is silver.

4. The material of claim 2 wherein the metallic material is silver iodide.

5. The material of claim 1 wherein said polycationic material comprises a biguanide polymer.

6. The material of claim 5 wherein the biguanide polymer comprises polyhexamethylene biguanide or a polymer containing a biguanide moiety.

7. The material of claim 1 wherein the polymer further comprises a crosslinking moiety, and wherein the matrix is crosslinked.

8. The material of claim 7 wherein the crosslinking moiety is an organic compound containing functional groups selected from the group consisting of isocyanates, carboxylic acids, acid chlorides, acid anhydrides, succimidyl ethers aldehydes, ketones, alkyl methanesulfonates, alkyl trifluoromethanesulfonates, alkyl para-toluenemethanesulfonates, alkyl halides and epoxides.

9. The material of claim 1 wherein the organic polymer is effective to dissolve into or disrupt the cell membrane of a microorganism when the microorganism contacts the material.