Moving picture coding and/or decoding systems, and variable-length coding and/or decoding system

• US 5,852,469 A
• Filed: 03/15/1996
• Issued: 12/22/1998
• Est. Priority Date: 03/15/1995
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba (Toshiba Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba (Toshiba Corporation)
• Inventors: Chujoh, Takeshi, Watanabe, Toshiaki, Kikuchi, Yoshihiro, Nagai, Takeshi
• Primary Examiner(s): Chin, Tommy P.
• Assistant Examiner(s): RAO, ANAND SHASHIKANT
• Application Number:
  US08/616,809
• Time in Patent Office: 1,012 Days
• Field of Search: 348/415, 348/419, 348/416, 348/384, 348/465, 348/466, 348/845.1, 341/67, 341/94, 341/107, 341/82, 371/30
• US Class Current: 375/240.23
• CPC Class Codes: H03M 7/40 Conversion to or from variable length codes, e.g. Shannon-Fano code, Huffman code, Morse code
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 1/0084 Formats for payload data
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 19/129 Scanning of coding units, e.g. zig-zag scan of transform coefficients or flexible macroblock ordering [FMO]
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 19/13 Adaptive entropy coding, e.g. adaptive variable length coding [AVLC] or context adaptive binary arithmetic coding [CABAC]
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 19/136 Incoming video signal characteristics or properties
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 19/152 by measuring the fullness of the transmission buffer
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 19/159 Prediction type, e.g. intra-frame, inter-frame or bidirectional frame prediction
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 19/17 the unit being an image region, e.g. an object
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 19/176 the region being a block, e.g. a macroblock
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 19/18 the unit being a set of transform coefficients
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 19/1887 the unit being a variable length codeword
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 19/46 Embedding additional information in the video signal during the compression process H04N19/517, H04N19/68, H04N19/70 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 19/503 involving temporal prediction adaptive coding with adaptive selection between spatial and temporal predictive coding H04N19/107; adaptive coding with adaptive selection among a plurality of temporal predictive coding modes H04N19/109
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 19/61 in combination with predictive coding
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 19/66 involving data partitioning, i.e. separation of data into packets or partitions according to importance
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 19/69 involving reversible variable length codes [RVLC]
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 19/70 characterised by syntax aspects related to video coding, e.g. related to compression standards
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 19/89 involving methods or arrangements for detection of transmission errors at the decoder
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 19/91 Entropy coding, e.g. variable length coding [VLC] or arithmetic coding

Abstract

A moving picture coding and/or decoding system includes a encoder for coding input image data, a divider for dividing a code string supplied from the encoder, into a plurality of code string, a reorderer for arranging at least one of the plurality of code string in the forward direction from the head to the end, and at least one of the other code string in the backward direction from the head to the end. A variable-length coding system includes a code-word table for storing a plurality of code words so that the code words correspond to source symbols, and an encoder for selecting a code word corresponding to the source symbol inputted from the code-word table and for outputting the selected code word as coded data. The plurality of code words can be decoded in either of the forward and backward directions. The plurality of code words are configured so that the pause between codes can be detected by a predetermined weight of the code word (in the case of a binary code, the number of "1" or "0" in the code word).

Claims

1. A variable-length coding system for assigning, to a plurality of source symbols, a code word of a code length corresponding to an occurrence probability of each of the source symbols, and for outputting coded data corresponding to an inputted source symbol, said variable-length coding system comprising:

a code word table for storing a plurality of code words corresponding to respective source symbols, the code words being able to be decoded in either of a forward direction and a backward direction; and

coding means for selecting a code word corresponding to the inputted source symbol from said code word table if a code word corresponding to the inputted source symbol is stored in said code word table, and for generating a code word comprising an escape code including a prefix and a suffix added to a predetermined code representing the inputted source symbol when no code word corresponding to the inputted source symbol is stored in the code word table, the escape code being decodable in either of a forward and a backward direction, is added to the a prefix and a suffix of a fixed-length code, when the code word corresponding to the inputted source symbol has not been stored, and for outputting coded data corresponding to the inputted source symbol and comprising one of a selected code word and a generated code word.

2. A variable-length coding system for assigning, to a plurality of source symbols, a code word of a code length corresponding to an occurrence probability of each of the source symbols, and for outputting coded data corresponding to an inputted source symbol, said variable-length coding system comprising:

a code word table for storing a plurality of code words corresponding to respective source symbols, the code words being able to be decoded in either of a forward direction and a backward direction; and

coding means for selecting a code word corresponding to the inputted source symbol from said code word table if a code word corresponding to the inputted source symbol is stored in the code word table, and for generating a code word comprising an escape code including a prefix and a suffix added to a fixed length code representing the inputted source symbol when no code word corresponding to the inputted source symbol is stored in the code word table, the escape code word being decodable in either of a forward and a backward direction, and for outputting coded data corresponding to the inputted source symbol and comprising one of a selected code word and a generated code word.

3. A variable-length coding system for assigning to a plurality of source symbols, a code word of a code length corresponding to an occurrence probability of each of the source symbols, and for outputting coded data corresponding to an inputted source symbol, said variable-length coding system comprising:

a code word table for storing a plurality of code words corresponding to respective source symbols, the code words being able to be decoded in either of a forward direction and a backward direction; and

coding means for selecting a code word corresponding to the inputted source symbol from the code word table if a code word corresponding to the inputted source symbol is stored in the code word table, and for generating a code word corresponding to the inputted source symbol comprising a variable-length escape code and a predetermined code corresponding to the inputted source symbols when no code word corresponding to the inputted source symbol is stored in the code word table, a variable-length escape code of a generated code word being able to be decoded in either of a forward direction and a backward direction, and for outputting coded data corresponding to the inputted source symbol and comprising one of a selected code word and a generated code word.

4. A variable-length coding system for assigning, to a plurality of source symbols, a code word of a code length corresponding to an occurrence probability of each of the source symbols, and for outputting coded data corresponding to an inputted source symbol, said variable-length coding system comprising:

a code word table for storing a plurality of code words corresponding to respective source symbols, the code words being able to be decoded in either of a forward direction and a backward direction; and

coding means for selecting a code word corresponding to the inputted source symbol from the code word table if a code word corresponding to the inputted source symbol is stored in the code word table, and for generating a code word corresponding to the inputted source symbol comprising a variable-length escape code and a fixed-length code corresponding to the inputted source symbols when no code word corresponding to the inputted source symbol is stored in the code word table, a variable-length escape code of a generated code word being able to be decoded in either of a forward direction and a backward direction, and for outputting coded data corresponding to the inputted source symbol and comprising one of a selected code word and a generated code word.

5. A variable-length coding method, comprising:

selecting a code word corresponding to an inputted source symbol from a code word table storing a plurality of code words corresponding to respective source symbols if a code word corresponding to the inputted source symbol is stored in the code word table;

generating a code word comprising an escape code including a prefix and a suffix added to a predetermined code representing the inputted source symbol when no code word corresponding to the inputted source symbol is stored in the code word table, the escape code being decodable in either of a forward and a backward direction; and

outputting coded data corresponding to the inputted source symbol and comprising one of a selected code word and a generated code word.

6. A variable-length coding method, comprising:

selecting a code word corresponding to an inputted source symbol from a code word table storing a plurality of code words corresponding to respective source symbols if a code word corresponding to the inputted source symbol is stored in the code word table;

generating a code word comprising an escape code including a prefix and a suffix added to a fixed length code representing the inputted source symbol when no code word corresponding to the inputted source symbol is stored in the code word table, the escape code being decodable in either of a forward and a backward direction; and

outputting coded data corresponding to the inputted source symbol and comprising one of a selected code word and a generated code word.

7. A variable length coding method, comprising:

selecting a code word corresponding to the inputted source symbol from the code word table storing a plurality of code words corresponding to respective source symbols if a code word corresponding to the inputted source symbol is stored in the code word table;

generating a code word corresponding to the inputted source symbol comprising a variable-length escape code and a predetermined code corresponding to the inputted source symbols when no code word corresponding to the inputted source symbol is stored in the code word table, a variable-length escape code of a generated code word being able to be decoded in either of a forward direction and a backward direction; and

outputting coded data corresponding to the inputted source symbol and comprising one of a selected code word and a generated code word.

8. A variable length coding method, comprising:

selecting a code word corresponding to the inputted source symbol from the code word table storing a plurality of code words corresponding to respective source symbols if a code word corresponding to the inputted source symbol is stored in the code word table;

generating a code word corresponding to the inputted source symbol comprising a variable-length escape code and a fixed-length code corresponding to the inputted source symbols when no code word corresponding to the inputted source symbol is stored in the code word table, the variable-length escape code being able to be decoded in either of a forward direction and a backward direction; and

outputting coded data corresponding to the inputted source symbol and comprising one of a selected code word and a generated code word.