Toner processes
First Claim
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1. A process for the preparation of toner, which process comprises a first aggregation of submicron sulfonated polyester in the presence of an alkali halide, and thereafter a second aggregation with a colorant dispersion and an alkali halide.
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Abstract
A process for the preparation of toner with a first aggregation of sulfonated polyester, and thereafter a second aggregation with a colorant dispersion and an alkali halide.
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30 Claims
- 1. A process for the preparation of toner, which process comprises a first aggregation of submicron sulfonated polyester in the presence of an alkali halide, and thereafter a second aggregation with a colorant dispersion and an alkali halide.
- 2. A process for the preparation of toner, which process comprises a (1) first aggregation of dispersed submicron sulfonated polyester particles and thereafter a (2) second aggregation thereof with a colorant dispersion and an alkali halide, and wherein the first aggregation is accomplished by the mixing and heating of said sulfonated polyester and a dicationic salt, or alkali halide, and wherein said submicron is from about 5 to about 80 nanometers.
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5. A process for the preparation of toner, which process comprises a first aggregation of sulfonated polyester and thereafter a second aggregation with a colorant dispersion and an alkali halide, and wherein
(i) said sulfonated polyester is dispersed in water, which water is at a temperature of from about 40° - C. to about 95°
C., or between about 5°
C. to about 15°
C. above the polyester polymer glass transition, and which dispersing is accomplished by a high speed shearing polytron device operating at speeds of from about 100 to about 5,000 revolutions per minute thereby enabling the formation of submicron sized particles;(ii) accomplishing an initial aggregation of the dispersed sulfonated polyester particles to larger submicron particles of from about 50 to about 200 nanometers by the addition of a solution containing a monocationic salt, a dicationic salt, or an electrolyte solution; (iii) adding a colorant dispersion with from about 20 to about 50 weight percent of predispersed colorant in water with a mean colorant size in the range of from about 50 to about 150 nanometers, and which dispersion is further diluted with deionized water, and controlling the aggregation rate by the dropwise addition of said salt, or said electrolyte, and then heating near the aggregation temperature of from about 40°
C. to about 60°
C. until toner sized aggregates are obtained as monitored by both optical microscopy and Coulter Counter particle size measurements;
cooling; and(iv) recovering said toner composition, or said toner particles; (v) drying said toner particles; and (vi) optionally adding to said dry toner particles, or toner of resin and colorant, wax, charge additives, and surface flow additives.
- C. to about 95°
- 23. A process for the preparation of toner which comprises a (1) first aggregation of submicron resin particles in the presence of an alkali halide, and thereafter a (2) second aggregation thereof with a colorant and an alkali halide, and wherein the first aggregation is accomplished by the heating of said resin and said alkali halide.
Specification