Internetwork address mapping gateway

• US 5,856,974 A
• Filed: 02/13/1996
• Issued: 01/05/1999
• Est. Priority Date: 02/13/1996
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: EMC Corporation (Dell Technologies Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Novell Incorporated (Open Text Corporation)
• Inventors: Allen, Michael D., Gervais, Joseph L., Natarajan, Alampoondi E., Perlman, Radia J.
• Primary Examiner(s): Pham, Chi H.
• Assistant Examiner(s): YAO, KWANG BIN
• Application Number:
  US08/600,773
• Time in Patent Office: 1,057 Days
• Field of Search: 370/389, 370/390, 370/392, 370/393, 370/400, 370/401, 370/466, 370/402, 370/467, 370/404, 370/471, 370/405, 370/475, 370/409, 395/200.01, 395/200.02, 395/200.03, 395/200.16, 395/200.2, 395/410, 395/412, 395/415, 395/416, 395/421.11, 395/200.48, 395/200.53 , 395/200.6, 395/200.68, 395/200.75, 395/200.79
• US Class Current: 370/392
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 61/00 Network arrangements, protocols or services for addressing or naming
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 61/2514 between local and global IP addresses
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 61/2535 Multiple local networks, e.g. resolving potential IP address conflicts
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 61/255 Maintenance or indexing of mapping tables

Abstract

The present invention is an address mapping gateway, used in an internetwork link, that associates all nodes in a domain with a single network number (referred to as a domain network address), and provides gateway-mapped node addresses that are unique within the domain. The address mapping gateway dynamically substitutes the "globally-unique" domain network address and the "domain-unique" gateway-mapped node address for a network number and node address, respectively, of a network layer address of a packet header received from a source node in the domain. Conversely, when a packet is received for a destination node in the domain, the address mapping gateway substitutes the originally-assigned network number and node address for the domain network address and gateway-mapped node address, respectively, prior to forwarding the packet to the node. Specifically, the address mapping gateway maintains an address mapping table that provides a cross-reference between (1) a source node address and the network number of the local network in which the node resides, and (2) a gateway-mapped node address generated by the address mapping gateway. Upon receipt of a packet from the source node, the address mapping gateway creates a mapping entry in the address mapping table that node and performs an address translation to a globally-unique network layer address. On the other hand, upon receipt of a packet destined for a destination node in the domain, the address mapping gateway locates the mapping entry for the packet'"'"'s gateway-mapped node address and performs a reverse address translation to the originally-assigned network layer address.

Claims

1. An address mapping gateway for use in an internetwork link, for representing substantially all nodes in a domain as being associated with a domain network address, comprising:

means for receiving a first packet from a source node within the domain, said first packet having a network layer header including a network layer address, said network layer address comprising a node address and a network number of a local network including said source node;

means for generating a gateway-mapped node address that is unique within the domain;

an address mapping table having one or more mapping entries, each said mapping entry associated with a node within the domain and including said node address, said network number, and said gateway-mapped node address;

means for creating said mapping entries in said address mapping table;

first translation means for substituting the domain network address in place of said network number and for substituting said gateway-mapped node address in place of said node address in a packet generated by a node in the domain;

means for receiving a second packet for a destination node in the domain, said second packet having a network layer header including a network layer address, said network layer address comprising said gateway-mapped node address and said domain network address; and

second translation means for substituting said network number and said node address in place of said domain network address and said gateway-mapped node address, respectively, of said second packet.

2. In an internetwork having two or more local networks interconnected by one or more internetwork links, a method for addressing nodes in an internetwork link, said method comprising the steps of:

(a) generating a domain network address to represent substantially all the nodes in a domain, wherein said domain network address is a unique network number within the internetwork;

(b) receiving a packet generated by a source node within said domain, said packet including a source node address header field having a source network number of a local network including said source node, and a source node address of said source node;

(c) generating a gateway-mapped node address for said source node, wherein said gateway-mapped node address is unique within said domain, said step of generating comprising the steps of

(1) determining whether said source node address is unique within said domain;

(2) assigning a first value to said gateway-mapped node address equivalent to said source node address when said source node address is unique within said domain;

(3) assigning a second value to said gateway-mapped node address when said source node address is not unique within said domain, wherein said second value is a node address value unique within said domain; and

(d) substituting said domain network address and said gateway-mapped node address in place of said source network number and said source node address, respectively, in said source node address header field.

3. In an internetwork link of an internetwork, a method for representing substantially all nodes in a domain as being associated with a single network number, the method comprising the steps of:

(a) receiving a packet from a first node within the domain, said packet having a network layer header with a first network layer address, said network layer address including a network number of a local network in which said first node resides, and an originally-assigned node address of said first node;

(b) translating said first network layer address to a second network layer address, wherein said second network layer address is unique within the internetwork, and said step of translating includes the steps of

(1) generating a domain network number of said second network layer address, wherein said domain network number is unique within the internetwork;

(2) generating a gateway-mapped node address of said second network layer address, wherein said gateway-mapped node address is unique within the domain, and comprising the steps of

a) determining whether said node address is unique within the internetwork;

b) setting said gateway-mapped node address to said node address when said node address is a unique node address;

c) combining said network number of said local network and said originally-assigned node address to create a domain-unique gateway-mapped node address value when said node address is not unique within the domain; and

(3) replacing said first network layer address with said second network layer address in said network layer header of said packet.

4. An address mapping gateway for associating substantially all nodes in a domain with a domain network address, comprising:

means for receiving a packet from a first node within the domain, said packet having a network layer header including a network layer address, said network layer address comprising a node address of said first node and a network number of a local network including said first node;

means for providing a gateway-mapped node address for said first node, wherein said gateway-mapped node address is unique within the domain, and said means for providing includes

a) means for determining whether said node address is unique within the domain;

b) means for assigning a first value to said gateway-mapped node address equal to said node address when said node address is unique within the domain, and for assigning a second value to said gateway-mapped node address that is unique within the domain when said node address is not unique within the domain;

means for substituting the domain network address for said network number and for substituting said gateway-mapped node address for said node address in said packet;

means for receiving a second packet, destined for said first node, said second packet having a second network layer header with a second network layer address, said second network layer address including said domain network address identifying said local network including said first node and said gateway-mapped node address to identify said first node; and

means for substituting said network number and said node address in place of said domain network address and said gateway-mapped node address of said second packet, respectively.

5. The address mapping gateway of claim 4, wherein the domain is accessible through a plurality of internetwork links each having an address mapping gateway, wherein each said address mapping gateway comprises:

means for forwarding a packet to other of said plurality of address mapping gateways when said address mapping gateway does not have a mapping entry associated with a destination node identified by a network layer address of said packet; and

means for providing one or more other address mapping gateways with a mapping entry from said address mapping table.

6. In an internetwork having two or more domains interconnected by one or more internetwork links, a method for addressing nodes in an internetwork link to a domain which comprises a plurality of local networks, comprising the steps of:

(a) generating a domain network address to represent substantially all the nodes in the domain, wherein said domain network address is a unique network number within the internetwork;

(b) receiving a packet generated by a source node within said domain, said packet including a source node address header field having a source network number of a local network including said source node, and a source node address of said source node;

(c) referencing a translation exemption table containing non-translatable network numbers and performing steps (d) and (e) when said translation exemption table does not contain said source network number;

(d) generating a gateway-mapped node address for said source node, wherein said gateway-mapped node address is unique within said domain;

(e) substituting said domain network address and said gateway-mapped node address in place of said source network number and said source node address, respectively, in said source node address header field;

(f) creating a mapping entry into an address mapping table having one or more mapping entries, said mapping entry associated with said source node and including a node address field for storing said source node address, a network number field for storing said source network number, and a mapped node address field for storing said gateway-mapped node address.

7. The method of claim 6, further comprising the steps of:

(a) receiving a packet for a destination node in said domain, said packet having a destination node address header field including said domain network address and said gateway-mapped node address; and

(b) substituting a destination network number of a second local network within said domain and a destination node address of a node within said second local network in place of said domain network address and said gateway-mapped node address, respectively.

8. The method of claim 6 further comprising the step of advertising said non-translatable network numbers into the internetwork.

9. The method of claim 6 further comprising the steps of:

(a) receiving, at a first internetwork link of said one or more internetwork links, a packet for a destination node in said domain, said packet having a destination node address header having a network number equivalent to said domain network address, and a destination node address not equivalent to a gateway-mapped node address in a first address mapping table of said first internetwork link;

(b) forwarding said packet to a second internetwork link of said plurality of internetwork links;

(c) searching gateway-mapped node addresses in a second address mapping table in said second internetwork link for a value equivalent to said destination node address;

(d) retrieving from said second address mapping table, a network number of a local network and a node address of said destination node; and

(e) substituting, by said second internetwork link, said network number and said node address in place of said domain network address and said destination node address, respectively, in said packet.

10. The method of claim 9 further comprising the step of providing, by said second internetwork link, said source network number and said source node address to said first internetwork link.

11. In an internetwork link of an internetwork, a method for representing substantially all nodes in a domain as being associated with a single network number, the method comprising the steps of:

(a) receiving a packet from a first node within the domain, said packet having a network layer header with a first network layer address, said network layer address including a network number of a local network in which said first node resides, and an originally-assigned node address of said first node;

(b) translating said first network layer address to a second network layer address, wherein said second network layer address is unique within the internetwork, and wherein the step of translating further comprises the steps of;

(i) generating a domain network number of said second network layer address, wherein said domain network number is unique within the internetwork;

(ii) generating a gateway-mapped node address of said second network layer address, wherein said gateway-mapped node address is unique within the domain; and

(iii) replacing said first network layer address with said second network layer address in said network layer header of said packet;

(c) receiving a second packet, said second packet having a second network layer header with a second network layer address, said second network layer address including a network number portion having a value equivalent to said domain network number, and a node address portion having a value equivalent to said gateway-mapped node address;

(d) substituting said first network number and said node address in place of said domain network address and said gateway-mapped node address, respectively, to translate said second network layer address to said first network layer address;

(e) referencing a translation exemption table containing non-translatable network numbers; and

(f) performing said step (b) when said translation exemption table does not contain said network number of said local network.

12. The method of claim 11, further comprising the step of:

(g) advertising said non-translatable network numbers and said domain network number into the internetwork.

13. An address mapping gateway for associating substantially all nodes in a domain with a domain network address, the address mapping gateway comprising:

(a) means for receiving a packet from a first node within the domain, said packet having a network layer header including a network layer address, said network layer address comprising a node address of said first node and a network number of a local network including said first node;

(b) means for providing a gateway-mapped node address for said first node, wherein said gateway-mapped node address is unique within the domain;

(c) means for substituting the domain network address for said network number and for substituting said gateway-mapped node address for said node address in said packet;

(d) means for receiving a second packet, destined for said first node, said second packet having a second network layer header with a second network layer address, said second network layer address including said domain network address identifying said local network including said first node and said gateway-mapped node address to identify said first node;

(e) means for substituting said network number and said node address in place of said domain network address and said gateway-mapped node address of said second packet, respectively; and

(f) an address mapping table configured to store one or more mapping entries, each said mapping entry associated with a node within the domain, said one or more mapping entries including a first node mapping entry including;

(i) said node address of said first node,

(ii) said network number of said local network in which said first node resides, and

(iii) said gateway-mapped node address;

(g) means for creating said mapping entries in said address mapping table; and

(h) a translation exemption table containing non-translatable network numbers,

wherein said address mapping gateway does not translate network layer addresses containing said non-translatable network numbers.

14. The address mapping gateway of claim 13, wherein said address mapping gateway advertises network layer addresses having said non-translatable network numbers, and said domain network address, into the internetwork.