Urea biosensor for hemodialysis monitoring
First Claim
1. An electrochemical sensor adapted for detecting urea in body fluids comprising:
- a sensor element including;
a substrate;
a layer of metal deposited on said substrate;
a layer of pH-sensitive oxide deposited on a portion of said layer of metal, said pH-sensitive oxide layer being wider than said metal layer and extends over at least one end of said metal layer; and
a layer of material containing urease deposited over and covering said layer of pH-sensitive oxide.
4 Assignments
0 Petitions
Accused Products
Abstract
An electrochemical sensor capable of detecting and quantifying urea in fluids resulting from hemodialysis procedures. The sensor is based upon measurement of the pH change produced in an aqueous environment by the products of the enzyme-catalyzed hydrolysis of urea. The sensor may be fabricated using methods amenable to mass fabrication, resulting in low-cost sensors and thus providing the potential for disposable use. In a typical application, the sensor could be used in treatment centers, in conjunction with an appropriate electronics/computer system, in order to determine the hemodialysis endpoint. The sensor can also be utilized to allow at-home testing to determine if dialysis was necessary. Such a home monitor is similar, in principle, to devices used for blood glucose testing by diabetics, and would require a blood droplet sample by using a finger prick.
209 Citations
20 Claims
-
1. An electrochemical sensor adapted for detecting urea in body fluids comprising:
a sensor element including; a substrate; a layer of metal deposited on said substrate; a layer of pH-sensitive oxide deposited on a portion of said layer of metal, said pH-sensitive oxide layer being wider than said metal layer and extends over at least one end of said metal layer; and a layer of material containing urease deposited over and covering said layer of pH-sensitive oxide. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10)
-
11. A urea biosensor adapted for hemodialysis using a solid state pH electrode including:
a sensor element comprising; a substrate; a film of adhesion material on a surface of the substrate; a layer of iridium on the film of said adhesion material; a layer of iridium oxide on at least a portion of the layer of iridium, said iridium oxide layer being wider than said iridium layer and extends over at least one end of said iridium layer; and a coating of urease containing material deposited over and covering the layer of iridium oxide. - View Dependent Claims (12, 13, 14, 15)
-
16. A method of fabricating a sensor element for a urea monitoring, comprising:
-
providing a substrate; forming a metal layer on at least a portion of the substrate; depositing a layer of pH-sensitive oxide on at least a section of the metal layer, the pH sensitive layer being wider than the metal layer and extends over at least one end of the metal layer; and forming a coating of urease containing material over said layer of pH-sensitive oxide. - View Dependent Claims (17, 18, 19, 20)
-
Specification