Multilayer composite tubular structure and method of making
First Claim
1. A multilayer composite tubular structure for use as a stent in surgical procedures, comprising:
- (a) an outer layer comprising a biocompatible material;
(b) a middle layer comprising a radiopaque material metallurgically bonded to the outer layer; and
(c) an inner layer comprising a biocompatible material metallurgically bonded to the middle layer.
17 Assignments
0 Petitions
Accused Products
Abstract
A multilayer composite tubular structure for use as a stent in surgical procedures has an outer layer of biocompatible material, a middle layer of radiopaque material, and an inner layer of biocompatible material. The layers are metallurgically bonded, to form a composite stent which is ductile and permits large deformation without delamination between the biocompatible and radiopaque layers. The composite structure formed is visible on a fluoroscope, yet does not obstruct the details of the stent itself, or of the anatomical features surrounding the stent.
A process of forming a multilayer composite tubular structure is also disclosed. A tube formed from radiopaque material is coaxially surrounded by a tube of biocompatible material. The tubes are simultaneously reduced, such as by tube drawing, swaging, or deep drawing, until a composite structure of a desirable diameter and wall thickness is formed. The tubes are then heat treated to cause diffusion bonding of the biocompatible and radiopaque layers.
617 Citations
57 Claims
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1. A multilayer composite tubular structure for use as a stent in surgical procedures, comprising:
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(a) an outer layer comprising a biocompatible material; (b) a middle layer comprising a radiopaque material metallurgically bonded to the outer layer; and (c) an inner layer comprising a biocompatible material metallurgically bonded to the middle layer. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5)
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6. A multilayer composite tubular structure for use as a stent in surgical procedures, comprising:
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(a) an outer tube of biocompatible material; (b) an inner tube of biocompatible material, the inner tube having a layer of radiopaque material deposited on the outer surface thereof, the radiopaque layer being metallurgically bonded to the outer tube. - View Dependent Claims (7, 8, 9, 10, 11)
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12. A multilayer composite tubular structure for use as a stent in surgical procedures, comprising:
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(a) an outer tube of biocompatible material, the outer tube having a layer of radiopaque material deposited on the inner surface thereof; (b) an inner tube of biocompatible material, the radiopaque layer being metallurgically bonded to the inner tube. - View Dependent Claims (13, 14, 15, 16, 17)
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- 18. A multilayer composite tubular structure for use as a stent in surgical procedures, comprising a layer of radiopaque metallic material and a layer of biocompatible metallic material, each layer being metallurgically bonded to a suitable metallic interleaf between the radiopaque material and the biocompatible material.
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21. The process of forming a multilayer composite tubular structure for use as a stent in surgical procedures, comprising:
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(a) surrounding a tube of radiopaque material coaxially with a tube of biocompatible material; (b) reducing the tubes simultaneously to a desired diameter and thereby producing a residual clamping stress between the tubes; (c) heat treating the tubes to cause diffusion bonding of the tubes so that the composite tube formed is ductile and will permit deformation without delamination between the radiopaque and biocompatible materials. - View Dependent Claims (22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27)
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28. A process of forming a multilayer composite tubular structure for use as a stent in surgical procedures, comprising:
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(a) depositing a radiopaque layer onto the outer surface of a first tube, the first tube formed from biocompatible material; (b) coaxially surrounding the first tube with a second tube formed from biocompatible material; (c) reducing the tubes simultaneously to a desired diameter and thereby producing a residual clamping stress between the tubes; (d) heat treating the tubes to cause diffusion bonding of the radiopaque layer to the outer tube, to form a composite tube which is ductile and will permit deformation without delamination between the radiopaque and biocompatible materials. - View Dependent Claims (29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35)
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36. A process for forming a multilayer composite tubular structure for use as a stent in surgical procedures, comprising:
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(a) depositing a radiopaque layer onto the inner surface of a first tube of biocompatible material; (b) placing the first tube coaxially around a second tube of biocompatible material; (c) reducing the tubes simultaneously to a desired diameter and thereby producing a residual clamping stress between the tubes; (d) heat treating the tubes to cause diffusion bonding of the radiopaque layer and the inner surface of the outer tube, wherein the composite tube formed is ductile and will permit deformation without delamination between the radiopaque and biocompatible materials. - View Dependent Claims (37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43)
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44. A process of forming a multilayer composite tubular structure for use as a stent in surgical procedures, comprising:
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(a) surrounding a tube of radiopaque material coaxially with a tube of biocompatible material; (b) placing a metallic interleaf between the radiopaque and biocompatible tubes; (c) reducing the tubes simultaneously to a desired diameter and thereby producing a residual clamping stress between the tubes; (d) heat treating the tubes to cause diffusion bonding of the radiopaque layer and the biocompatible layer so that the composite tube formed is ductile and will permit deformation without delamination. - View Dependent Claims (45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50)
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51. A process for forming a multilayer composite tubular structure for use as a stent in surgical procedures, comprising:
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(a) placing a strip having a layer of radiopaque material and a layer of biocompatible material over a die; (b) reducing the strip by deep drawing the strip through a series of dies, thereby producing a clamping stress between the layers and forming a tube of desired wall thickness having a closed end; (c) removing the closed end of the tube once the desired wall thickness has been achieved; and (d) heat treating the tube to cause diffusion bonding of the radiopaque layer and the biocompatible layers so that the composite tube formed is ductile and will permit deformation without delamination between the radiopaque and biocompatible layers. - View Dependent Claims (52, 53, 54, 55, 56)
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57. A process of delivering a multilayer composite metallic tubular structure for use as a surgical stent to an anatomical site, comprising:
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(a) providing a metallic tubular structure having metallurgically bonded metal biocompatible and radiopaque layers; (b) deploying the structure to an anatomical site; (c) expanding the structure with a balloon using a pressure not greater than 3.5 atmospheres until the walls of the structure contact tissue at the anatomical site; and (d) imbedding the structure into said tissue at the anatomical site by further expanding the structure with a balloon using a pressure not greater than 7.5 atmospheres.
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Specification