Method and apparatus for production of levulinic acid via reactive extrusion
First Claim
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1. A process for preparing levulinic acid from starch, comprising the steps of mixing starch, water, and a mineral acid so as to form a slurry;
- extruding said slurry with an extruder to form an extrudate containing levulinic acid.
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a continuous process for preparing levulinic acid from starch in a reactive extrusion process. In a preferred embodiment, the extrusion takes place in a twin-screw extruder having a plurality of temperature zones wherein the starch slurry is preconditioned, extruded, filter pressed, reboiled, vacuum distilled, condensed, centrifuged, whereby the waste effluent from the centrifugation is reprocessed upstream to the preconditioning stage.
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Citations
47 Claims
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1. A process for preparing levulinic acid from starch, comprising the steps of mixing starch, water, and a mineral acid so as to form a slurry;
- extruding said slurry with an extruder to form an extrudate containing levulinic acid.
- View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44)
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45. A process for preparing valeric γ
- -lactone comprising the steps of mixing starch, water, and a mineral acid so as to form a slurry;
extruding said slurry with an extruder to form an extrudate containing levulinic acid;
separating levulinic acid from the extrudate; and
hydrogenating said levulinic acid to obtain valeric γ
-lactone.
- -lactone comprising the steps of mixing starch, water, and a mineral acid so as to form a slurry;
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46. A process for preparing 1,3-pentadiene comprising the steps of mixing starch, water, and a mineral acid so as to form a slurry;
- extruding said slurry with an extruder to form an extrudate containing levulinic acid;
separating levulinic acid from the extrudate;
reducing the ketone and carboxy moieties of said levulinic acid to obtain 1,4-pentandiol; and
dehydrating said 1,4-pentandiol to yield 1,3-pentadiene.
- extruding said slurry with an extruder to form an extrudate containing levulinic acid;
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47. A process for preparing 1,4-pentanediol comprising the steps of mixing starch, water, and a mineral acid so as to form a slurry;
- extruding said slurry with an extruder to form an extrudate containing levulinic acid;
separating levulinic acid from the extrudate; and
reducing the ketone and carboxy moieties of said levulinic acid to obtain 1,4-pentandiol.
- extruding said slurry with an extruder to form an extrudate containing levulinic acid;
Specification