Ferromagnetic tunnel junction, magnetoresistive element and magnetic head

• US 5,862,022 A
• Filed: 09/19/1997
• Issued: 01/19/1999
• Est. Priority Date: 09/19/1996
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: TDK Corporation
• Original Assignee: TDK Corporation
• Inventors: Noguchi, Kiyoshi, Ohta, Manabu, Araki, Satoru, Sano, Masashi, Oike, Taro
• Primary Examiner(s): Heinz, A. J.
• Application Number:
  US08/933,347
• Time in Patent Office: 487 Days
• Field of Search: 360/113, 365/158, 257/421
• US Class Current: 360/324.2
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 5/3967 Composite structural arrangements of transducers, e.g. inductive write and magnetoresistive read G11B5/3906 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H10N 50/10 Magnetoresistive devices

Abstract

This invention is directed to a ferromagnetic tunnel junction, an MR element and a magnetic head. A ferromagnetic tunnel junction is constituted by sequentially laminating a first ferromagnetic film, an insulating film and a second ferromagnetic film. These are laminated on an appropriate insulating substrate. The present invention is characterized in that the barrier potential of the insulating film is set within a range of 0.5 to 3 eV. A ferromagnetic tunnel junction with which a high MR ratio can be achieved with good reproduction characteristics is provided.

Claims

1. A ferromagnetic tunnel junction constituted by sequentially laminating a first ferromagnetic film, an insulating film and a second ferromagnetic film, wherein:

the barrier potential of said insulating film is within a range of 0.5 to 3 eV.

2. A ferromagnetic tunnel junction according to claim 1, wherein:

said barrier potential of said insulating film is within a range of 1.5 to 2.5 eV.

3. A ferromagnetic tunnel junction according to claim 1, wherein

the coercivity of said first ferromagnetic film and the coercivity of said second ferromagnetic film are different from each other.

4. A ferromagnetic tunnel junction according to claim 1, wherein

said first ferromagnetic film and said second ferromagnetic film are antiferromagnetically coupled via said insulating film.

5. A ferromagnetic tunnel junction according to claim 1, wherein

said insulating film is constituted of an aluminum oxide film formed through heat treatment at 40 to 100 C in air after film formation.

6. A ferromagnetic tunnel junction according to claim 1, wherein:

said insulating film is constituted of a diamond-like carbon film.

7. A ferromagnetic tunnel junction according to claim 1, wherein:

the area of tunnel junction is at or less than 10 μ

m².

8. A magnetoresistive element comprising:

a ferromagnetic tunnel junction including an insulating film, a first ferromagnetic film and a second ferromagnetic film, with said first ferromagnetic film and said second ferromagnetic film laminated via said insulating film, the barrier potential of said insulating film being within a range of 0.5 to 3 eV.

9. A magnetoresistive element according to claim 8, wherein:

said barrier potential of said insulating film is within a range of 1.5 to 2.5 eV.

10. A magnetoresistive element according to claim 8, wherein

the coercivity of said first ferromagnetic film and the coercivity of said second ferromagnetic film are different from each other.

11. A magnetoresistive element according to claim 8, wherein:

said first ferromagnetic film and said second ferromagnetic film are antiferromagnetically coupled via said insulating film.

12. A magnetoresistive element according to claim 8, wherein:

said insulating film is constituted of an aluminum oxide film formed through heat treatment at 40°

to 100°

C. in air after film formation.

13. A magnetoresistive element according to claim 8, wherein:

said insulating film is constituted of a diamond-like carbon film.

14. A magnetoresistive element according to claim 8, wherein:

the area of tunnel junction is at or less than 10 μ

m².

15. A magnetoresistive element according to claim 8, further comprising:

a magnetic domain control film provided adjacent to both end portions of either said first ferromagnetic film or said second ferromagnetic film.

16. A magnetoresistive element according to claim 15, wherein:

said magnetic domain control film is constituted of a hard ferromagnetic film.

17. A magnetoresistive element according to claim 16, wherein:

said hard ferromagnetic film is constituted of a Co alloy.

18. A magnetoresistive element according to claim 17, wherein:

said Co alloy is constituted of at least one alloy selected from CoPt, CoPtCr, CoPtTa, CoCrTa and CoPtTaCr.

19. A magnetoresistive element according to claim 15, wherein:

said magnetic domain control film is constituted of an antiferromagnetic film.

20. A magnetoresistive element according to claim 19, wherein:

said antiferromagnetic film is constituted of either a metallic antiferromagnetic material or an oxide antiferromagnetic material.

21. A magnetoresistive element according to claim 20, wherein:

said metallic antiferromagnetic material is a Mn alloy.

22. A magnetoresistive element according to claim 21, wherein:

said Mn alloy is constituted of at least one alloy selected from FeMn, NiMn, PtMn, RuMn, RhMn, IrMn, PdMn or an alloy thereof.

23. A magnetoresistive element according to claim 20, wherein:

said oxide antiferromagnetic material is constituted of at least one of NiO, NiCoO or Fe₂ O₃.

24. A magnetoresistive element according to claim 15, wherein:

said magnetic easy axis of said ferromagnetic film provided with said magnetic domain control film extends perpendicular to the direction of said applied external magnetic field.

25. A magnetoresistive element according to claim 15, wherein:

of said first ferromagnetic film and said second ferromagnetic film, said ferromagnetic film not provided with said magnetic domain control film is provided with a magnetization pinning film.

26. A magnetoresistive element according to claim 25, wherein:

said magnetization pinning film is constituted of a hard ferromagnetic film.

27. A magnetoresistive element according to claim 25, wherein:

said magnetization pinning film is constituted of an antiferromagnetic film.

28. A magnetoresistive element according to claim 25, wherein:

of said first ferromagnetic film and said second ferromagnetic film, said magnetic easy axis of said ferromagnetic film provided with said magnetic domain control film extends perpendicular to a direction of said applied external magnetic field, whereas said magnetic easy axis of said ferromagnetic film provided with said magnetization pinning film extends parallel to said direction of said applied external magnetic field.

29. A magnetoresistive element according to claim 8, wherein:

the direction of magnetization of said first ferromagnetic film and the direction of magnetization of said second ferromagnetic film are not parallel to each other when an applied external magnetic field is at zero.

30. A magnetoresistive element according to claim 24, wherein:

said direction of magnetization of said first ferromagnetic film and said direction of magnetization of said second ferromagnetic film are perpendicular to each other.

31. A magnetoresistive element according to claim 8, wherein:

a magnetic easy axis of said first ferromagnetic film and a magnetic easy axis of said second ferromagnetic film are not parallel to each other.

32. A magnetoresistive element according to claim 8, wherein:

said magnetic easy axis of said first ferromagnetic film and said magnetic easy axis of said second ferromagnetic film are perpendicular to each other.

33. A magnetoresistive element according to claim 8, wherein:

of said first ferromagnetic film and said second ferromagnetic film, either one has a magnetic easy axis extending perpendicular to an applied external magnetic field, with a magnetic easy axis of another ferromagnetic film extending parallel to said applied external magnetic field.

34. A magnetoresistive element according to claim 8, wherein:

of said first ferromagnetic film and said second ferromagnetic film, the ferromagnetic film not provided with said magnetic domain control film is a hard ferromagnetic film with a coercivity higher than the coercivity of said ferromagnetic film provided with said magnetic domain control film.

35. A magnetic head comprising:

a slider with an air bearing surface at a side thereof facing opposite a magnetic recording medium; and

at least one magnetic conversion element having a ferromagnetic tunnel junction, said ferromagnetic tunnel junction including an insulating film, a first ferromagnetic film and a second ferromagnetic film with said first ferromagnetic film and said second ferromagnetic film being laminated via said insulating film, the barrier potential of said insulating film being within a range of 0.5 to 3 eV.

36. A magnetic head according to claim 35, wherein:

said barrier potential of said insulating film is within a range of 1.5 to 2.5 eV.

37. A magnetic head according to claim 35, wherein:

the coercivity of said first ferromagnetic film and the coercivity of said second ferromagnetic film are different from each other.

38. A magnetic head according to claim 35, wherein:

said first ferromagnetic film and said second ferromagnetic film are antiferromagnetically coupled via said insulating film.

39. A magnetic head according to claim 35 wherein:

said insulating film is constituted of an aluminum oxide film formed through heat treatment at 40°

to 100°

C. in air after film formation.

40. A magnetic head according to claim 35 wherein:

said insulating film is constituted of a diamond-like carbon film.

41. A magnetic head according to claim 35, wherein:

the area of tunnel bonding is at or less than 11 μ

m.

42. A magnetic head according to claim 35, further comprising:

an electrode film having a first electrode film and a second electrode film, with said first electrode film connected to said first ferromagnetic film and said second electrode film connected to said second ferromagnetic film.

43. A magnetic head according to claim 35, wherein:

said first electrode film and said second electrode film are provided so that neither said first electrode film nor said second electrode film is exposed at said air bearing surface.

44. A magnetic head according to claim 43, wherein:

said ferromagnetic tunnel junction is exposed at said air bearing surface.

45. A magnetic head according to claim 35, further comprising:

an inductive magnetic conversion element.

46. A magnetic head according to claim 45, comprising:

a bottom magnetic shield film and an upper magnetic shield film, said ferromagnetic tunnel junction being provided between said bottom magnetic shield film and said upper magnetic shield film, said upper magnetic shield film being constituted of a magnetic film provided at said inductive magnetic conversion element.

47. A magnetic head according to claim 35, wherein:

a magnetic domain pinning film is provided at either said first ferromagnetic film or said second ferromagnetic film.

48. A magnetic head according to claim 47 wherein:

said magnetic domain pinning film is constituted of a hard ferromagnetic film.

49. A magnetic head according to claim 47, wherein:

said magnetic domain pinning film is constituted of an antiferromagnetic film.

50. A magnetic head according to claim 47 wherein:

of said first ferromagnetic film and said second ferromagnetic film, a ferromagnetic film without said magnetic domain pinning film is provided with a magnetic domain control film at both ends.

51. A magnetic head according to claim 50, wherein:

said magnetic domain control film is constituted of a hard ferromagnetic film.

52. A magnetic head according to claim 50, wherein:

said magnetic domain control film is constituted of an antiferromagnetic film so that exchange coupling is formed between said first ferromagnetic film or said second ferromagnetic film and said antiferromagnetic film.