Method and apparatus for speech transmission in a mobile communications system

• US 5,862,178 A
• Filed: 06/20/1996
• Issued: 01/19/1999
• Est. Priority Date: 07/11/1994
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Nokia Technologies Oy (Nokia Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Nokia Telecommunications Oy (Nokia Corporation)
• Inventors: Vainio, Janne, Jarvinen, Kari, Haavisto, Petri
• Primary Examiner(s): VO, DON NGUYEN
• Application Number:
  US08/612,934
• Time in Patent Office: 943 Days
• Field of Search: 375/240, 375/262, 375/341, 375/265, 371/37.4, 704/201, 704/227, 704/228, 704/500, 704/501
• US Class Current: 375/240
• CPC Class Codes: G10L 19/002 Dynamic bit allocation for perceptual audio coders G10L19/032
• CPC Class Codes: G10L 19/005 Correction of errors induced by the transmission channel, if related to the coding algorithm
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 1/0009 by adapting the channel coding H04L1/1812 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 1/0014 by adapting the source coding
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 1/0065 Serial concatenated codes

Abstract

A method and apparatus for speech transmission in a telecommunications system in which a speech signal is compressed to a small number of speech coding bits by a speech coding method, and the speech coding bits are subjected to channel coding. Several different speech coding methods, which may all operate at different transmission rates, are involved in the speech transmission. The method is based on the use of two-stage channel coding. The first channel coding is dependent on the speech coding method, and it is performed in connection with the speech coding in such a manner that the total transmission rate provided by the speech coding and the first channel coding is always constant irrespective of the speech coding method. The second channel coding performed thereafter is always exactly the same regardless of the speech coding method and the first channel coding method, and it is used with all speech coding methods. The second channel coding may be, for example, the original channel coding in an existing telecommunications system.

Claims

1. A method for speech transmission of a speech in a telecommunications system, said method comprising the steps of:

compressing a speech signal of the speech to a small number of speech coding bits by speech coding method,

channel encoding the speech coding bits, and

using, in transmitting the speech as a transmitted signal by a transmitter, N different speech coding methods, all of which operate at different transmission rates S1, S2, . . . , and SN kbit/s, respectively, where N≧

2 and S1 ≧

S2≧

. . . ≧

SN, including;

employing with each speech coding method a first channel encoding method specific for the respective said speech coding method, said first channel encoding method comprising adding error-detecting and error-correcting first channel coding bits to the speech coding bits, and producing a constant transmission rate S1 which is independent of the speech coding method employed, so that the transmission rate of the first channel coding bits added to the speech coding bits during the first channel encoding its, depending on the speech coding method employed, 0 S1-S2, . . . , S1-SN kbit/s, respectively, and

after the first channel encoding, performing a second channel encoding, in which error-detecting and error-correcting second channel coding bits are added to the signal generated by the first channel encoding, the transmission rate of said second channel coding bits being C kbit/s, whereby, after the second channel encoding, the total transmission rate is a constant S1+C kbit/s irrespective of the selected speech encoding method.

2. The method according to claim 1, further including:

receiving the transmitted signal, including;

performing a second channel decoding for removing the second channel coding bits, which were added by the second channel encoding and the transmission rate of which is C kbit/s, and

performing, after the second channel decoding, a first channel decoding for removing the first channel coding bits added by the first channel encoding, in such a manner that, depending on the speech coding method employed, a transmission rate of S1, S2, . . . , SN kbit/s, respectively, is provided for the speech coding bits to be supplied to the speech decoding.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising:

classifying the bits supplied to the second channel coding into several groups according to their importance for error protection in the speech coding method employed, in such a manner that the error correction capability of the second channel coding is directed to the bits that are the most important for each speech coding method and the first channel coding method employed in conjunction with the respective speech coding method.

4. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein:

when a speech connection is established, the speech coding method employed is selected according to the erroneousness of the transmission path in such a way that the more there are transmission errors on the transmission channel, the lower is the transmission rate of the speech coding bits to the first channel encoding from the selected speech coding method, and the higher is the transmission rate of the first channel coding bits.

5. The method according to claim 4, further comprising:

changing the speech coding method during the speech connection when the erroneousness of the transmission path changes in such a way that the more there are transmission errors on the transmission path, the lower is the transmission rate of the speech coding bits supplied to the first channel encoding from the selected speech coding method.

6. The method according to claim 1 or 2, in an instance wherein:

a corresponding speech decoding method cannot be selected in all receivers of a plurality of receivers for all the speech coding methods that can be selected in the transmitter, and

a corresponding speech coding method cannot be selected in all transmitters of a plurality of transmitters for all the speech decoding methods that can be selected in the different receivers, and

said method further comprising;

when a speech connection is established, the speech coding method employed is selected by means of signalling between the respective transmitter and the respective receiver so that the speech coding method selected is a speech coding method which can be selected both in the respective transmitter and in the respective receiver.

7. The method according to claim 1 or 2, in an instance wherein:

a corresponding speech decoding method cannot be selected in all receivers of a plurality of receivers for all the speech coding method which can be selected in all transmitters of a plurality of transmitters, and

a corresponding speech coding method cannot be selected in all of the transmitters for all the speech decoding methods which can be selected in all of the receivers, and

said method further comprising;

manually selecting the speech coding method employed before a speech connection is established in such a way that the speech coding method selected is a speech coding method which can be selected both in the respective transmitter and in the respective receiver.

8. The method according to claim 1, further comprising:

carrying out the first channel encoding in more than one step, and

the second channel encoding being the same in the case of all speech coding methods.

9. A transmitter apparatus for a telecommunications system transmitting digital speech on a transmission channel, said apparatus comprising:

speech means for coding a speech signal by a speech coding method to provide a speech encoded signal,

channel encoding means for channel-encoding the speech-encoded signal to a signal whose transmission rate is equal to a total transmission rate on the transmission channel,

the speech encoding means employing two or more speech coding methods, which provide speech-encoded signals have mutually different transmission rates (S1, S2, . . . , SN),

the channel encoding means being arranged to provide the channel encoding in two steps comprising

first channel encodings which are specific for each speech encoding method and which, from the encoded speech signals having different transmission rates, generate first channel-encoded signals having a same constant transmission rate (S1) which is independent of the speech coding method, and

a second channel encoding which is independent of the speech coding method and which, from a selected first channel-encoded signal, generates a second channel-encoded signal having a constant transmission rate (S1+C) which is independent of the speech coding method and which is the same as said total transmission rate.

10. The transmitter apparatus according to claim 9, comprising:

means for selecting the speech encoding method and the first channel encoding, and for switching the signal produced by the selected speech encoding method and first channel encoding to the second channel encoding.

11. The method according to claim 10, wherein:

said means for selecting are arranged to be controlled on the basis of the erroneousness of the transmission path, or on the basis of signalling between the transmitter apparatus and a receiver apparatus, or manually.

12. A receiver apparatus in a telecommunications system transmitting digital speech on a telecommunications channel at a total transmission rate, comprising:

channel decoding means for decoding a received channel-coded speech signal,

speech decoding means for speech-decoding a channel-decoded speech signal by a speech decoding method,

the channel decoding means being arranged to provide channel decoding two steps comprising;

a second channel decoding which is independent of the speech coding method and which, from said received channel-encoded speech signal, sharing a constant transmission rate (S1+C), which is independent of the speech coding method and is the same as the total transmission rate used in the telecommunications channel, produces a first signal having a lower constant transmission rate (S1) which is independent of the speech coding method, and

first channel decodings which are specific for each speech coding method and which channel-decode said first signal, producing encoded speech signals which are specific for each speech coding method and which have mutually different transmission rates (S1, S2, . . . , S3), and

the speech decoding means employ two or more speech decoding methods for decoding said speech-coded speech signals produced by two or more speech encoding methods and having mutually different transmission rates (S1, S2, . . . , SN).

13. The receiver apparatus according to claim 12, comprising:

means for selecting the speech decoding method employed and the first channel decoding specific for the selected speech decoding method, and for switching the signal produced by the second channel decoding (301) to the selected speech decoding method and selected first channel decoding method.

14. The receiver apparatus according to claim 13, wherein:

the selection means are arranged to be controlled on the basis of the erroneousness of the transmission path, or on the basis of signalling between a transmitter apparatus and the receiver apparatus, or manually.