High efficiency two-SLM projector employing total-internal-reflection prism

• US 5,863,125 A
• Filed: 01/30/1998
• Issued: 01/26/1999
• Est. Priority Date: 01/30/1998
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Original Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Inventors: Doany, Fuad Elias
• Primary Examiner(s): DOWLING, WILLIAM C
• Application Number:
  US09/016,789
• Time in Patent Office: 361 Days
• Field of Search: 353/20, 353/31, 353/34, 353/37, 353/84, 349/9, 349/97, 349/106, 349/108, 349/109, 359/887, 359/891, 348/742, 348/743
• US Class Current: 353/84
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 26/008 in the form of devices for effecting sequential colour changes, e.g. colour wheels
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 27/1026 for use with reflective spatial light modulators
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 27/126 The splitting element being a prism or prismatic array, including systems based on total internal reflection
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 27/148 including stacked surfaces having at least one double-pass partially reflecting surface
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 7/006 Filter holders
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 5/7441 the modulator being an array of liquid crystal cells
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 9/3114 by using a sequential colour filter producing one colour at a time

Abstract

A display is disclosed operating in a field-sequential color mode having at least two light valves which are simultaneously illuminated with different color beams having the same polarization provided from a color wheel. The light valves provide an image forming light to a projection lens for projecting the image forming light onto a screen. The wheel has front and back surfaces which are displaced from each other and have segments of different colors for separating a polarized light into the simultaneous different color beams when the different colors of the front and back color segments overlap. The two beams from the front and back surfaces are parallel to each other when the front and back surfaces are parallel. Alternatively, when the front and back surfaces meet to form a wedge, the two beams have different directions. The front and back color segments are offset relative to each other and each has clear segments so that one colored beam is provided to one of the light valves. The front and back clear segments are also offset relative to each other. The wheel is rotated for sequentially illuminating the light valves with different colors simultaneously.

Claims

1. A display comprising:

a light source for providing polarized light;

a wheel having front and back surfaces displaced from each other, said front and back surfaces each having segments of different colors for separating the polarized light into a plurality of colors having the same polarization;

at least two light valves each receiving different ones of said plurality of colors and providing an image forming light; and

a projection lens for projecting the image forming light onto a screen.

2. The display of claim 1, wherein said segments of said front surface are offset relative to said segments of said back surface so that every other combined segment resulting from a combination of said segments of said front and back surfaces includes dual color bands to simultaneously provide first and second colors for illuminating one of said at least two light valves with the first color and another of said at least two light valves with the second color.

3. The display of claim 1, wherein said segments of said front and back surfaces simultaneously reflect the plurality of colors toward said at least two light valves.

4. The display of claim 1, wherein said segments of said front and back surfaces are separated by transparent regions, said transparent regions of said front surface being offset relative said transparent regions of said back surface.

5. The display of claim 1, wherein said segments of said front and back surfaces are separated by transparent regions which are offset from each other so that one colored beam is provided to one of said at Least two light valves.

6. The display of claim 1, wherein said front and back surfaces are actinic surfaces and said segments have reflective dichroic coatings.

7. The display of claim 1, wherein said segments of said front and back surfaces are separated by off regions for preventing illumination of said at least two light valves, wherein a duty cycle of each of said at least two light valves is greater than 50%.

8. The display of claim 1, further comprising a device to rotate said wheel for sequentially illuminating said at least two light valves with different colors simultaneously.

9. The display of claim 1, further comprising a prism assembly for directing the plurality of colors to said at least two light valves and directing the image forming light to said projection lens.

10. The display of claim 9, wherein a cross-section of said prism assembly is one of a square and a diamond.

11. The display of claim 9, wherein said prism assembly includes two triangles separated by an air gap.

12. The display of claim 9, wherein said prism assembly includes two triangles of a first material having a first index of refraction, said two triangles being separated by a second material having a second index of refraction.

13. The display of claim 12, wherein said first material is larger than said second index of refraction.

14. The display of claim 9, wherein said at least two light valves are located on adjacent sides of said prism assembly.

15. The display of claim 1, further comprising a total-internal-reflection prism for reflecting the plurality of colors to one of said at least two light valves, transmitting the plurality of colors to another of said at least two light valves, and recombining the image forming light provided from said at least two light valves.

16. The display of claim 1, wherein said at least two light valves are one of transmissive and reflective light valves.

17. The display of claim 1, further comprising a polarizer located between said wheel and said at least two light valves.

18. The display of claim 1, further comprising a polarizer located between said at least two light valves and said projection lens.

19. The display of claim 1, further comprising an input polarizer located between said wheel and said at least two light valves and an output polarizer located between said at least two light valves and said projection lens.

20. The display of claim 19, wherein a direction of polarization of said input polarizer is perpendicular to a direction of polarization said output polarizer.

21. The display of claim 19, wherein a direction of polarization of said input polarizer is parallel to a direction of polarization said output polarizer.

22. The display of claim 19, wherein said input polarizer is perpendicular to said output polarizer.

23. The display of claim 1, further comprising an illumination relay lens located between said wheel and said at least two light valves.

24. The display of claim 1, wherein said front and back surfaces are separated from each other to simultaneously reflect a first color beam of said plurality of colors from said front surface and a second color beam from said back surface, said first color beam being parallel to said second color beam.

25. The display of claim 1, wherein said front and back surfaces meet to form a wedge to simultaneously reflect a first color beam of said plurality of colors from said front surface along a first direction and a second color beam from said back surface along a second direction.

26. A color wheel for field-sequential color projection comprising:

a first surface having first color segments separated by first transparent segments, said first color segments converting a white light to different colors; and

a second surface having second color segments separated by second transparent segments, said second color segments converting said white light to said different colors;

said first color segments being offset from said second color segments to simultaneously provide two beams of light having different colors when said first and second color segments overlap, and said first transparent segments being offset from said second transparent segments to transmit said white light.

27. The color wheel of claim 26, wherein said first and second color segments include reflective coatings.

28. The color wheel of claim 26, wherein said two beams of light have an identical polarization.