Battery condition detection method

• US 5,864,237 A
• Filed: 02/21/1997
• Issued: 01/26/1999
• Est. Priority Date: 03/07/1994
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Nippondenso Co., Ltd. (DENSO Corporation), Nippon Soken, Inc. (DENSO Corporation), Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha (Toyota Motor Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Nippondenso Co., Ltd. (DENSO Corporation), Nippon Soken, Inc. (DENSO Corporation), Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha (Toyota Motor Corporation)
• Inventors: Uchida, Mitsunobu, Sasaki, Torahiko, Kato, Hidetoshi, Makino, Daisuke, Kawai, Toshiyuki
• Primary Examiner(s): Regan, Maura K.
• Application Number:
  US08/804,081
• Time in Patent Office: 704 Days
• Field of Search: 324/430, 324/433, 324/427, 320/126, 320/160, 340/636
• US Class Current: 324/430
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 31/367 Software therefor, e.g. for battery testing using modelling or look-up tables
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 31/3828 using current integration

Abstract

A battery condition detecting method is provided which includes the steps of setting a current required during standard discharge of a battery as a set current, detecting a discharge current and a voltage of the battery, determining a battery voltage when the battery discharges the set current based on the discharge current and the voltage of die battery, and projecting an actual voltage of the battery based on the battery voltage determined.

Claims

1. A battery condition detecting method comprising:

setting a current required during standard discharge of a battery as a set current;

determining a battery voltage when said battery discharges said set current;

defining battery charge index numbers assuming that a first index number represents a time immediately after said battery discharges from a fullycharged level and a second index number represents a time when unserviceable battery voltage is reached; and

determining a battery charge index number between said first index number and said second index number based on said battery voltage determined by said battery voltage determining step at a time when said discharge current is said set current.

2. A battery condition detecting method as set forth in claim 1, wherein said battery charge index number is indicative of a battery condition.

3. A battery condition detecting method as set forth in claim 1, wherein said step of determining said battery voltage comprises:

sampling a current and a voltage of said battery at preselected intervals for a given period of time during which no variation in battery capacity is considered to have occurred; and

producing said battery voltage based on a sampled battery voltage of highest frequency or an average of said sampled battery voltages.

4. A battery condition detecting method as set forth in claim 1, wherein said step of determining said battery voltage comprises:

sampling a given number of pairs of parameters indicative of a current and a voltage of said battery during discharge within a period of time in which a variation in capacity due to said discharge lies within a range of 0.1% to 10% of a rated capacity of said battery;

sampling ones from said sampled pairs of parameters indicative of said discharge current and said voltage of said battery, which satisfy a given-time rate current; and

projecting said battery voltage when said battery discharges said set current based on said sampled ones of said sampled pairs.

5. A battery condition detecting method as set forth in claim 4, further comprising:

determining an internal resistance of said battery based on said sampled ones of said sampled pairs, wherein

said step of projecting said battery voltage is further based on said internal resistance.

6. A battery condition detecting method as set forth in claim 1, wherein said step of determining said battery voltage comprises:

sampling pairs of parameters indicative of a current flowing into or out of said battery and a voltage of said battery at given intervals and storing said sampled pairs of parameters;

determining whether a charge operation of said battery is initiated based on a direction of said sampled currents;

determining whether charge polarization of said battery is eliminated;

determining a variation in battery capacity based on a change in said sampled currents and storing said variation;

selecting from said pairs of parameters sampled, until said variation in said battery capacity exceeds a given percent of a rated capacity, ones of said pairs of parameters having currents greater than a given time rate current and determining an internal resistance of said battery based on said selected pairs of parameters;

determining voltage parameters indicative of a battery voltage Vs during discharge at a preselected current based on said sampled pairs of parameters indicative of said current and said voltage using said internal resistance;

determining whether a given number of said voltage parameters indicative of said battery voltage Vs are derived within a predetermined period; and

removing ones of said given number of said voltage parameters having lower frequency from said voltage parameters indicative of said battery voltage Vs using given statistical processing to estimate said battery voltage; and

said battery charge index number is based on said estimated battery voltage and is indicative of a battery condition.

7. A battery condition detecting method as set forth in claim 1, further comprising:

detecting said discharge current and said voltage of said battery, wherein

said step of determining said battery voltage is based on said discharge current and said voltage of said battery detected by said detecting step, and

said battery charge index number is indicative of a battery condition.

8. A battery condition detecting method as set forth in claim 1, wherein said step of determining said battery voltage comprises:

sampling a current and a voltage of said battery at preselected intervals for a given period of time during which no variation in battery capacity is considered to have occurred;

determining battery voltages when said battery discharges said set current based on sampled pairs of parameters indicative of said current and said voltage of said battery sampled for said given period of time; and

producing an estimated battery voltage based on a sampled battery voltage of highest frequency or an average of said sampled battery voltages, wherein

said battery charge index number is based on said estimated battery voltage and is indicative of a battery condition.

9. A battery condition detecting method as set forth in claim 1, wherein said step of determining said battery voltage comprises:

sampling a given number of pairs of parameters indicative of a current and a voltage of said battery during discharge within a period of time in which a variation in capacity due to said discharge lies within a range of 0.1% to 10% of a rated capacity of said battery;

selecting ones from said sampled pairs of parameters indicative of said discharge current and said voltage of said battery, which satisfy a given-time rate current;

determining an internal resistance of said battery based on said selected ones of said sampled pairs; and

projecting said battery voltage when said battery discharges said set current based on said internal resistance of said battery, wherein

said battery charge index number is based on said projected battery voltage and is indicative of a battery condition.

11. A battery condition detecting method as set forth in claim 1, wherein said step of determining said battery voltage comprises:

sampling pairs of parameters indicative of a current flowing into or out of said battery and a voltage of said battery at given intervals and storing said sampled pairs of parameters;

determining whether a charge operation of said battery is initiated based on a direction of said sampled currents;

determining whether charge polarization of said battery is eliminated;

determining a variation in battery capacity based on a change in said sampled currents and storing said variation;

determining whether said variation in battery capacity exceeds a given percent of a rated capacity of said battery;

selecting from said pairs of parameters sampled until said variation in said battery capacity exceeds said given percent of said rated capacity, ones of said pairs of parameters having currents greater than a given time rate current, and determining an internal resistance of said battery based on said selected pairs of parameters;

determining voltage parameters indicative of a battery voltage Vs during discharge at a preselected current based on said sampled pairs of parameters indicative of said current and said voltage using said internal resistance;

determining whether a given number of said voltage parameters indicative of said battery voltage Vs are derived within a predetermined period; and

removing ones of said given number of said voltage parameters having lower frequency from said voltage parameters indicative of said battery voltage Vs using given statistical processing to estimate an actual battery voltage, wherein

said battery charge index number is based on said actual battery voltage and is indicative of a battery condition.

12. A battery condition detecting method as set forth in claim 1, wherein said step of determining said battery voltage comprises:

sampling pairs of parameters indicative of a current flowing into or out of said battery and a voltage of said battery at given intervals and storing said sampled pairs of parameters;

determining a variation in battery capacity based on a change in said sampled currents and storing said variation;

determining whether said variation in battery capacity exceeds a given percent of a rated capacity of said battery;

selecting from said pairs of parameters sampled until said variation in said battery capacity exceeds said given percent of said rated capacity, ones of said pairs of parameters having currents greater than a given time rate current, and determining an internal resistance of said battery based on said selected pairs of parameters;

determining voltage parameters indicative of a battery voltage Vs during discharge at a preselected current based on said sampled pairs of parameters indicative of said current and said voltage using said internal resistance;

determining whether a given number of said voltage parameters indicative of said battery voltage Vs are derived within a predetermined period; and

removing ones of said given number of said voltage parameters having lower frequency from said voltage parameters indicative of said battery voltage Vs using given statistical processing to estimate an actual battery voltage, wherein

said battery charge index number is based on said actual battery voltage and is indicative of a battery condition.

13. A battery condition detecting method as set forth in claim 1, wherein said step of determining said battery voltage comprises:

sampling pairs of parameters indicative of a current flowing into or out of said battery and a voltage of said battery at given intervals and storing said sampled pairs of parameters;

determining whether a charge operation of said battery is initiated based on a direction of said sampled currents;

determining whether charge polarization of said battery is eliminated;

determining an internal resistance of said battery based on said pairs of parameters indicative of said sampled current and said sampled voltage;

determining voltage parameters indicative of a battery voltage Vs during discharge at a preselected current based on said sampled pairs of parameters indicative of said current and said voltage using said internal resistance;

determining whether a given number of said voltage parameters indicative of said battery voltage Vs are derived within a predetermined period; and

removing ones of said given number of said voltage parameters having lower frequency from said voltage parameters indicative of said battery voltage Vs using given statistical processing to estimate an actual battery voltage, wherein

said battery charge index number is based on said actual battery voltage and is indicative of a battery condition.

10. A battery condition detecting method as set forth in claime1, wherein said step of determining said battery voltage comprises:

measuring an amount of charge to said battery and an amount of discharge from said battery;

detecting said discharge current and said battery voltage of said battery when said amount of discharge after a charge to said battery exceeds said amount of charge; and

projecting a battery voltage when said battery discharges said set current based on said discharge current and said battery voltage; and

said battery charge index is based on said projected battery voltage and is indicative of a condition of said battery.